innate immune cells - block b

Question 1

3Rs of immune response

Answer 1

recognition of pathogen

mounting a reaction against it to eliminate the pathogen

resolution of the immune response

Question 2

dendritic cells

Answer 2

professional antigen presenting cell and phagocyte

immature dendritic cells enter tissues and mature after they have encountered a potential pathogen

enforce immune tolerance

orchestrate antigen specific T cell differentiation

can silence self-reactive T cells

Question 3

macrophages

Answer 3

effectors of the innate immune response

antigen presenting cells

professional phagocytes

initiate inflammation through cytokine release
heterogeneity among macrophage populations based on tissue location

produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as nitric oxide and superoxide, as well as defensins

Question 4

neutrophil

Answer 4

first white blood cell recruited to the site of acute inflammation

granulocyte

primary phagocyte – take up microbes (phagocytosis), destroy them in intracellular vesicles

form neutrophil extracellular

traps (NETs) through degranulation

comprise a large proportion of cellular infiltrate and are a major constituent of pus

Question 5

natural killer cell

Answer 5

group I innate lymphocyte cell (ILC)

kill virally infected cells

have a role in detecting early signs of cancer

able to enhance the immune response by secreting cytokines

Question 6

eosinophils

Answer 6

granulocyte

primarily responsible for attacking large parasites
(e.g. nematode worms)

involved in allergic disease (allergic asthma)

Question 7

basophil

Answer 7

granulocyte

involved in anti parasite immunity and allergy response

release histamine

major source of IL-4 (drives Th2 lymphocyte differentiation)

Question 8

granulocyte

Answer 8

a type of white blood cell that has small granules inside them

these granules contain proteins