Innate Immunity

Question 1

Number of toll like receptors

Answer 1

10

Question 2

List stages of phagocytosis

Answer 2

ligand binding, engulfment, phagosome formation, lysosome fusion, membrance disruption/fusion, presentation of MHC CLass II

Question 3

MHC

Answer 3

Major Histine Compatiability

Question 4

3 things the innate immune response recognizes

Answer 4

PAMPS
DAMPS
absence of self markers - via NK

Question 5

Name 2 small antimicrobial peptides

Answer 5

Defensins and cathelicidins

Question 6

2 main classes of defensins

Answer 6

alpha and beta

Question 7

describe alpha defensins

Answer 7

29-35 aa long
mainly in PMN and Paneth cells of small intestine
e.g. HNP 1-4 and HD 5-6

Question 8

These defensins are secreted by mucosal surface epitherlia

Answer 8

beta

HBD - human beta defensins

Question 9

2 things that bind to TLRs

Answer 9

PAMPs

DAMPs

Question 10

Name some PAMPS

Answer 10

LPS, PGN, lipopeptids, flagellin, bacterial DNA and viral dsDNA

Question 11

Stimulation of TLR activates these cells which result in IFNS, cytokines and chemokines

Answer 11

AP-1, NF-kappaB and interferon regulatory factors

Question 12

most important transcription factor in immune system

Answer 12

nNF-kappaB

Question 13

Only TLR that does not use MyD88

Answer 13

TLR3

Question 14

TLR which makes which pathways?

Answer 14

?

Question 15

TLR are known as these alternate names

Answer 15

CD281, 282 etc

Question 16

TLR7 works well against

Answer 16

viruses - ssRNA

Question 17

Activation of NF-kappaB causes these response

Answer 17

Expression of proinflamatory genes
Increased phagocytosis and ROS and NOS
Increased efficency of antigen presentation

Question 18

3 pathways of complement activation

Answer 18

classical - adaptive
lectin - innate
alternative - innate

Question 19

Part of classical pathway complement that binds to antigen:antibody complex

Answer 19

C1q

Question 20

Macrophages perfer a macrophage is bound to these 2 things

Answer 20

antibody and C3

Question 21

C3a, C4a, C5a activate these cells

Answer 21

PMN and macrophage degranulation

cause mast cells and basophils to degranulate

Question 22

Place where C3b adn C4b are deposited

Answer 22

Any surface with exposed amine or hydroxl

Question 23

Cells that protect body from membrance attack complex

Answer 23

pretectin CD59 adn HRF

Question 24

Edema, hyperthermia, local hypoxia and extravasation are all signs of this

Answer 24

inflammation

Question 25

Result of increased Histamine

Answer 25

increased vascular permeability

Question 26

These triggers both stimulate E-selectin

Answer 26

TNF and Il-1

Question 27

Result of release of IL-8

Answer 27

chemotaxis

Question 28

Purpose of acute inflammation

Answer 28

recruti/activate leukocytes, eliminate pathogens, resolve dame, remove leukocytes from tissue and regenerate tissue function

Question 29

Most common cells in acute inflammation

Answer 29

neutrophils

Question 30

chronic inflammation have higher proportions of these cells

Answer 30

macrophages, cytotoxic T cells and B cells

Question 31

List some important inflammatory cytokines

Answer 31

TNFalpha, IL-1 adn IFNgamma

Question 32

common site of adhesion and migration of lymphocytes

Answer 32

venoule

Question 33

These proteins help pull leukocytes into tissue

Answer 33

E-selectin

Question 34

name inflammatory mediators

Answer 34

histamine, etc...

Question 35

Most numerous cell in innate immune system

Answer 35

PMNs

Question 36

Potent toxin against helminth worms

Answer 36

MBP - major basic protein

Question 37

Signals required to diff. to eosinophils, basophils

Answer 37

IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5 | Il-3, GM-CSF and IL-4

Question 38

These cells release histamine when IgE on surface is linked by antige

Answer 38

Basophils

Question 39

Name macrophages in brain

Answer 39

Microglial cells

Question 40

cells that are major producers of cytokine and lymphokines

Answer 40

macrophages

Question 41

cells that are a bridge between innate and adaptive immune system

Answer 41

macrophages

Question 42

response of IL-10

Answer 42

deactivation of macrophages

Question 43

this receptor binds Antibody on macrophages

Answer 43

FcR

Question 44

2 cells that dendritic cells present to

Answer 44

T cell and B cells

Question 45

Location of dendritic cells

Answer 45

skin, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and under mucosal epithelia

Question 46

cytokines produced by myeloid dendritic cells

Answer 46

IL-8, IL-12

Question 47

macrophages present to these T cells while dendritic cells present to this type of T cell

Answer 47

activated and naive

Question 48

Name 3 APC

Answer 48

B cell, macrophage and DC

Question 49

Name 3 receptors for bacterium on pahogocyte

Answer 49

FcR, CR and MR

Question 50

alternate name for NK cells

Answer 50

large granular lymphocytes

Question 51

cytokine released by NK cells

Answer 51

INFgamma

Question 52

Name some deficeincy of innnate immunity

Answer 52

Congential neutropenina, CGD, LAD, Complement defects, Chediak-Higashi syndrome