Innominates I - Exam V

Question 1

The pelvic girdle is composed of what three structures?

Answer 1

1. Sacrum
2. Coccyx
3. Two hip bones - “innominates”

Question 2

The hip bones AKA “innominates” can be further subdivided into what three structures?

Answer 2

1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis

Question 3

What structures form the pelvis?

Answer 3

The 2 innominates

Question 4

The ilium contains what 3 parts?

Answer 4

1. Iliac crest
2. ASIS
3. PSIS

Question 5

The ischium contains what:

Answer 5

Ischial tuberosity

Question 6

The pubis contains what?

Answer 6

Pubic tubercle

Question 7

The hip socket is known as the ____________ and is composed of what?

Answer 7

1. Acetabulum
2. All three bones

Question 8

The hip joint AKA the ____________ joint is very mobile, making it a true, “____________”

Answer 8

1. Femoro-acetabular
2. Ball-and-socket joint

Question 9

What are the two structures crossed out?

Answer 9

1. Linea Aspera
2. Adductor Tubercle

landmarks of the femur

Question 10

The 2 main landmarks of the tibia/fibula are the:

Answer 10

1. Fibular head
2. Pes Anserine - proximal medial surface

Question 11

The 4 major hip flexors are the:

Answer 11

1. Psoas Major
2. Psoas Minor
3. Iliacus
4. Rectus femoris (part of quads)

Question 12

The 3 ligaments of the hip joint are the ________femoral joints.

Answer 12

1. Ilio-
2. Ischio-
3. Pubo

Question 13

The ligaments of the hip joint are important because they can be addressed with:

Answer 13

OMM!

Question 14

What anatomical structures of the hip joiont contribute to the fibrous portion of the joint capsule?

Answer 14

The ligaments of the hip

Question 15

Which muscle does mostly knee flexion and is a minor hip flexor muscle, commonly known as the “hacky sack” muscle?

Answer 15

Sartorius

Two minor hip flexor muscles =
1. Sartorius
2. Tensor Fasciae Latae

Question 16

Which muscle does mostly hip abduction and internal rotation, but is also a minor hip flexor muscle?

Answer 16

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Two minor hip flexor muscles =
1. Sartorius
2. Tensor Fasciae Latae

Question 17

The major hip extensor is the:

Answer 17

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS!

Question 18

The 4 muscles of the hamstring are the ____________. Their function is in hip ___________

Answer 18

1. Biceps femoris - LH
2. Biceps femoris - SH
3. Semimembranosus
4. Semitendinosus
5. Extension

Question 19

The 5 ADductor muscles are the:

remember mneumonic!

Answer 19

1. Gracilis
2. Adductor Longus
3. Adductor Magnus
4. Adductor Brevis
5. Pectineus

ADductors fill in the “GAAAP”

Remember they bring the leg toward midline - think in the gym!

Question 20

The general rule for structural exams is when you are assessing tension in a muscle group, that muscle is moved in the (same/opposite) direction of their action?

Answer 20

OPPOSITE

Think Piriformis muscle - you test it by internal rotation but it’s actual action is external rotation

Question 21

The 3 ABductors and Internal rotators of the hip are the:

Answer 21

1. Gluteus Medius
2. Gluteus Minimus
3. Tensor Fasciae Latae

Question 22

Clinical Correlation: A positive ________________ sign is when a patient stands on one leg and the other hip drops. This is due to weakness of the ____________ muscle or the ________________ nerve

Answer 22

1. Trendelenburg Sign (Gait)
2. Gluteus Medius
3. Superior Gluteal Nerve

Question 23

The 2 external rotators of the hip are the:

Answer 23

1. Piriformis
2. Gluteus Maximus

Question 24

Practice Question: Assessing tension of the gracilis muscle would require you to move the thigh in what direction?

Answer 24

ABduction

remember you move the muscle in the OPPOSITE direction of its usual action

Question 25

If the ASIS is ***superior*** that equates to **(anterior/posterior)** innominate rotation?

Answer 25

Posterior ## Footnote Learning Objective = Innominate motions of sacrum, walking cycle, LPFR

Question 26

If the ASIS is ***inferior***, that equates to **(anterior/posterior)** innominate rotation?

Answer 26

Anterior ## Footnote Learning Objective = Innominate motions of sacrum, walking cycle, LPFR

Question 27

When walking, the leg that is in the **forward** position, the innominate on that side is in **(anterior/posterior)** rotation?

Answer 27

Posterior

Question 28

When walking, the leg that is **behind,** the innominate on that side is in an **(anterior/posterior)** rotation?

Answer 28

Anterior

Question 29

According to the Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Rhythm concept, the **innominate** follows the _______________

Answer 29

Thigh | They follow each other! ## Footnote think when you swing your thigh up when stretching for leg day, the innominate is moving with it

Question 30

According to the Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Rhythm concept, the sacrum and the lumbar spine move in **(same/opposite)** directions.

Answer 30

OPPOSITE

Question 31

According to the Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Rhythm concept, you can move the lumbar spine by moving the _____________

Answer 31

Thigh

Question 32

Applying the Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Rhythm concept, if the thigh is flexed or extended past the innominate rotation, what will flex or extend with it?

Answer 32

The lumbar spine

Question 33

Applying the Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Rhythm concept, ABducting the thigh past the innominate rotation will cause the lumbar spine to ____________

Answer 33

Sidebend to the same side

Question 34

**Inflare** of the innominates is when the ASIS is (closer/farther) from midline?

Answer 34

Closer

Question 35

**Outflare** of the innominates is when the ASIS is (closer/farther) from midline?

Answer 35

Farther

Question 36

**Upslip** of the innominates is (inferior/superior) translation of the innominate on the sacrum?

Answer 36

Superior

Question 37

**Downslip** of the innominates is (inferior/superior) translation of the innominate on the sacrum?

Answer 37

Inferior

Question 38

What is the correct answer?

Answer 38

A

Question 39

Somatic dysfunction of the pubic symphysis: When the pubic tubercle is higher on one side that is called ____________________

Answer 39

Superior pubic shear

Question 40

Somatic dysfunction of the pubic symphysis: When the pubic tubercle is lower on one side that is called ___________________

Answer 40

Inferior pubic shear

Question 41

The **Standing Flexion Test** is positive relative to the side that the PSIS moves _____________

Answer 41

FARTHER ## Footnote Learning Objective = Diagnosing innominates

Question 42

The **ASIS compression test** is positive relative to the side that is (more/less) compressible?

Answer 42

LESS ## Footnote Learning Objective = Diagnosing the innominates

Question 43

**Practice Question:** On an exam you find the following: - StFT positive on the right - ACT positive on the right - Superior pubic tubercle on the right What is the diagnosis of the pubic somatic dysfunction?

Answer 43

Right Superior Pubic Shear ## Footnote Learning Objective = Diagnosing the innominates

Question 44

**Counterstrain technique** is (direct/indirect) and (passive/active)

Answer 44

1. Indirect - taking tender muscle where it WANTS to go 2. Passive - Patient does not do any work

Question 45

**Muscle Energy technique** is (direct/indirect) and (passive/active)

Answer 45

1. Direct - taking tender muscle where it DOES NOT want to go 2. Active - Patient is participating ## Footnote Bringing patient to 4 barriers!

Question 46

**Clinical Correlation:** Lymphedema is a manifestation of what somatic dysfunction?

Answer 46

Pelvic

Question 47

Lymphedema is the congestion of ________________ return leading to ____________ of the limb

Answer 47

1. Lymphatic 2. Swelling ## Footnote Elevation, compression stockings, low salt diet, OMT, massage, proper hygiene to avoid cellulitis = all treatments

Question 48

Treating Lymphedema with OMM allows the swelling to decrease by treating the _________________

Answer 48

Innominate bones

Question 49

The goal of treating lymphedema is decreasing restrictions under the ____________ ligament and improve ________ and ________ return of the lower extremities.

Answer 49

1. Inguinal 2. Venous 3. Lymphatic

Question 50

What is the correct answer?

Answer 50

C