inorganic chemistry

Question 1

how do group 1 elements react with water

Answer 1

vigorously

Question 2

what does the reaction of a metal and water give off

Answer 2

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 3

what is the trend in reactivity as you go down group 1

Answer 3

the metals get more reactive down the group

Question 4

why does the reactivity increase down group 1

Answer 4

-attraction between outermost electron and nucleus gets less
-the atoms get bigger down the group, so outer electron is more easily lost
-so the metal is more reactive

Question 5

in group 7, what happens as the atomic number of the elements increases

Answer 5

-darker coloured elements
-higher boiling points

Question 6

what colour is chlorine

Answer 6

a poisonous, green gas

Question 7

what colour is bromine

Answer 7

poisonous, red brown liquid and orange vapour at room temp.

Question 8

what colour is iodine

Answer 8

grey solid and gives off purple vapour when heated

Question 9

what is the trend in reactivity in group 7

Answer 9

the higher up in group 7 the element is, the more reactive it is

Question 10

why does reactivity decrease down group 7

Answer 10

its harder to attract an extra electron to fill the outer shell when its further away from the nucleus

Question 11

what is a displacement reaction

Answer 11

when a more reactive element displaces a les reactive element from its compound

Question 12

what is a redox reaction

Answer 12

a reaction where an element is oxidised and another element is reduced

Question 13

what is an oxidising agent

Answer 13

-accepts electrons
-gets reduced

Question 14

what is a reducing agent

Answer 14

-donates electrons
-gets oxidised

Question 15

what is the % of nitrogen in the atmosphere

Answer 15

78%

Question 16

what is the % of oxygen in the atmosphere

Answer 16

21%

Question 17

what is the % of argon in the atmosphere

Answer 17

nearly 1%

Question 18

what is the % of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Answer 18

0.04%

Question 19

what colour is magnesium when it reacts with air

Answer 19

white flame (magnesium oxide)

Question 20

what colour is sulfur when it reacts with air

Answer 20

pale blue flame (sulfur dioxide)

Question 21

how is carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reduced by humans

Answer 21

-deforestation
-burning fossil fuels

Question 22

what does an Acid + Metal produce

Answer 22

salt + hydrogen

Question 23

what is another name for rusting

Answer 23

hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 24

what are the two ways of preventing rusting

Answer 24

-paint-coat with plastic
-sacrificial method

Question 25

what is the sacrificial method for rusting

Answer 25

-use a more reactive metal than iron - so the zinc will be oxidised inseatad of the iron

Question 26

what is the colour change of phenolphthalein in a titration when adding an acid to an alkali

Answer 26

pink > colourless

Question 27

what can be used to neutralise an acid

Answer 27

bases (or alkalis)

Question 28

what is a neutralisation reaction

Answer 28

a reaction between an acid and a base

Question 29

what does an acid + base form

Answer 29

salt + water

Question 30

what does an acid + metal oxide form

Answer 30

salt + water

Question 31

what does an acid + metal hydroxide form

Answer 31

salt + water

Question 32

what does acid + ammonia form

Answer 32

ammonium salt

Question 33

what does an acid +metal carbonate form

Answer 33

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 34

what colour does lithium burn with

Answer 34

red flame

Question 35

what coloue does sodium burn with

Answer 35

yellow flame

Question 36

what colour does potassium burn with

Answer 36

lilac flame

Question 37

what colour does calcium burn with

Answer 37

orange-red flame

Question 38

what colour does copper burn with

Answer 38

blue-green flame

Question 39

what does Cu + NaOH give off

Answer 39

blue precipitate

Question 40

what does Iron (II) + NaOH give off

Answer 40

sludgy green precipitate

Question 41

what does Iron (III) + NaOH give off

Answer 41

reddish brown precipitate

Question 42

what does an ammonium compound + NaOH

Answer 42

ammonia

Question 43

what does ammonia gas smell of

Answer 43

cat wee

Question 44

how do you test for carbonates

Answer 44

-add dilute HCL -carbon dioxide should be given off

Question 45

how do you test for sulfates

Answer 45

-add dilute HCL -add barium chloride solution -should give off white precipitate of barium sulfate

Question 46

what is the test for chloride ions

Answer 46

-add dilute nitric acid + silver nitrate -white precipitate of silver chloride should form

Question 47

what is the test for bromide ions

Answer 47

-add dilute nitric acid +silver nitrate -cream precipitate of silver bromide should form

Question 48

what is the test for iodide ions

Answer 48

-add dilute nitric acid + silver nitrate -yellow precipitate of silver iodide should form

Question 49

what is the test for chlorine

Answer 49

-bleaches damp blue litmus paper -turns it white

Question 50

what is the test for oxygen

Answer 50

-relights a glowing splint

Question 51

what is the test for carbon dioxide

Answer 51

-bubble solution through limewater -should turn cloudy/milky white

Question 52

what is the test for hydrogen

Answer 52

lit splint gives a squeaky pop

Question 53

what is the test for ammonia

Answer 53

-turns damp red litmus paper blue