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Inorganic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the electron configuration of sodium (Na)?

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

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2
Q

True or False: Transition metals typically have variable oxidation states.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the common oxidation state of group 1 alkali metals?

A

+1

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The p-block elements include groups ___ to ___ of the periodic table.

A

13 to 18

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5
Q

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

A

Fluorine

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6
Q

What is the shape of the methane (CH₄) molecule?

A

Tetrahedral

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7
Q

True or False: All group 2 elements react with water.

A

False

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8
Q

What is the formula for the hydroxide ion?

A

OH⁻

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9
Q

What type of bond is formed between sodium and chlorine in sodium chloride (NaCl)?

A

Ionic bond

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10
Q

What is the primary characteristic of noble gases?

A

They are inert and do not readily form compounds.

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11
Q

Which element is a liquid at room temperature?

A

Bromine

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12
Q

True or False: The atomic radius generally decreases across a period.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the coordination number of a complex ion?

A

The number of ligand donor atoms bonded to the central metal ion.

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14
Q

Which ion has the formula Fe³⁺?

A

Ferric ion

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15
Q

What is the primary use of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) in industry?

A

As a white pigment.

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16
Q

Which type of reaction involves the transfer of electrons?

A

Redox reaction

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of chlorine in NaClO is ___

A

+1

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18
Q

What is the main property of transition metals that makes them useful as catalysts?

A

They can easily change oxidation states.

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19
Q

What is the formula for the sulfate ion?

A

SO₄²⁻

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20
Q

True or False: All metals are good conductors of electricity.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

A

Ionization energy

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22
Q

Which element is the lightest noble gas?

A

Helium

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23
Q

What does the term ‘ligand’ refer to in coordination chemistry?

A

A molecule or ion that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal atom.

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24
Q

What is the chemical formula for ammonium?

A

NH₄⁺

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25
Which compound is formed when sulfur reacts with oxygen?
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
26
What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H₂SO₄?
+6
27
True or False: Alkali metals become more reactive as you move down the group.
True
28
What type of hybridization occurs in ethylene (C₂H₄)?
sp² hybridization
29
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
30
What is the empirical formula of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
CH₂O
31
What is the primary feature of ionic compounds?
They form a crystalline lattice structure.
32
What is the chemical name for Fe₂O₃?
Iron(III) oxide
33
Fill in the blank: The term for a substance that donates protons in a chemical reaction is ___
Acid
34
What is the primary difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
A strong acid completely dissociates in solution, while a weak acid partially dissociates.
35
Which element has the atomic number 26?
Iron (Fe)
36
What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?
CaCO₃
37
True or False: The pH of pure water is 7 at 25°C.
True
38
What is the process of converting a solid directly to a gas called?
Sublimation
39
What type of isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas?
Structural isomerism
40
What is the common oxidation state of chlorine in chlorates?
+5
41
Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid turning into vapor is called ___
Evaporation
42
What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base?
Buffer solution
43
Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate?
Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
44
What is the main characteristic of metals in terms of their electron configuration?
They have few electrons in their outer shell.
45
True or False: The boiling point of water is higher than that of methane.
True
46
What is the formula for the nitrate ion?
NO₃⁻
47
Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of nitrogen in ammonia (NH₃) is ___
-3
48
What is the primary use of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) in industry?
As a strong acid and dehydrating agent.
49
What is the term for the energy change that occurs when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions?
Lattice energy
50
What is the chemical formula for potassium permanganate?
KMnO₄
51
True or False: All d-block elements are transition metals.
False
52
What is the formula for the carbonate ion?
CO₃²⁻
53
Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
Covalent bond
54
What is the oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)?
+5
55
Fill in the blank: The term for a negatively charged ion is ___
Anion
56
What is the primary characteristic of metalloids?
They have properties of both metals and non-metals.
57
What is the name of the process by which an atom or molecule gains electrons?
Reduction
58
True or False: The first ionization energy generally increases down a group.
False
59
What is the term for the energy required to break a bond between two atoms?
Bond dissociation energy
60
What is the chemical name for NaOH?
Sodium hydroxide
61
What is the primary component of natural gas?
Methane (CH₄)
62
Which gas is typically produced during the electrolysis of water?
Hydrogen and oxygen
63
Fill in the blank: The oxidation state of manganese in KMnO₄ is ___
+7
64
What is the primary use of hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
As a strong acid in various industrial processes.
65
What type of reaction occurs when an acid and a base neutralize each other?
Neutralization reaction
66
True or False: Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
True
67
What is the term for the process of converting a gas into a liquid?
Condensation
68
What is the chemical formula for silver nitrate?
AgNO₃
69
Which element is used in the production of stainless steel?
Chromium
70
What oxidation state does chlorine typically exhibit in chlorides?
-1
71
What is the primary characteristic of a strong base?
It completely dissociates in solution to produce hydroxide ions.
72
What is the oxidation state of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
+4
73
Fill in the blank: The term for the energy change when an atom gains an electron is ___
Electron affinity
74
What is the primary use of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)?
As a leavening agent in baking.
75
What is the name of the process where a solid turns into a gas without becoming liquid?
Sublimation
76
True or False: All alkali metals are soluble in water.
True
77
What is the chemical formula for acetic acid?
CH₃COOH
78
What is the common oxidation state of group 17 elements?
-1
79
What type of reaction involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single product?
Synthesis reaction
80
Which element is most commonly used in batteries?
Lithium
81
What is the chemical formula for phosphoric acid?
H₃PO₄

Chemistry (4 decks)

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