Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3: Exchange and Transport > Insect and Fish Gas Exchange > Flashcards

Insect and Fish Gas Exchange Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name for the outer structure of an insect?

A

Exoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What biomolecule is the the outer surface of an insect made from?
Why?

A

Lipids. Prevent water loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the gas exchange system used in insects.

A

Tracheal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are spiracles?

A

Holes in the insects exoskeleton that enables them to respire. Allows for entry of air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are trachea?

A

Tubes that make up the insect respiratory system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are the trachea lined with chitin?

A

To prevent them from collapsing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are tracheoles?

A

Sub divisions of smaller tubes off of the trachea. They extend throughout the insect to tissues and cells. They do not contain chitin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is a steep diffusion gradient maintained for O2 in insect gas exchange?

A

O2 used up by body cells so the concentration gradient in tracheoles falls. The low concentration of O2 here allows more to diffuse in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is a steep diffusion gradient maintained for CO2 in insect gas exchange?

A

CO2 a product of respiration, so conc is high in the trachea. It diffuses out of the tracheoles , where conc is lower.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to tracheoles when the insect is at rest or when it is flying?

A

They fill with water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. INSECT GAS EXCHANGE How do muscle cells in the insect respire when the insect is flying or at rest?
A

They respire anaerobically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. INSECT GAS EXCHANGE
    What substance is produced during anaerobic respiration in insects?
A

Lactate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. INSECT GAS EXCHANGE
    Does production of lactate causes the water potential of cells to higher or lower?
A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. INSECT GAS EXCHANGE
    Lower water potential of body cells causes water to move where?
A

Water moves into tracheoles by osmosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. INSECT GAS EXCHANGE
    What happens when water starts to decrease in tracheoles?
A

More air is drawn into them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which state is the diffusion pathway in in insects?
How does this benefit diffusion?

A

Gas - This increases the rate of diffusion.

16
Q

What are the benefits/costs in insect gas exchange?

A

Rate of airflow is higher but more water is lost.

17
Q

What are the benefits of having a large number of tracheoles?

A

They give a large surface area.

18
Q

What are the benefits of the tracheole walls being thin?

A

Short diffusion pathway.

19
Q

In larger insect species, what do they have instead of trachea reinforced with?

A

Collapsible air sacs, which are inflated by movement of the abdomen.

20
Q

How can water loss be reduced in insects?

A

Spiracles can be opened and closed periodically.

21
Q

What are the issues with the insect gas exchange system?

A

Relies on diffusion of gases
The length of the diffusion pathway limits the size that insects can attain

22
Q

Do fish have a small or large SA:Vol ratio and why?

A

Small SA:Vol ratio due to the large size of the organism.

23
Q

Name the system that fish have for gas exchange.

A

Internal gill system.

24
Q

What is the gill arch in fish?

A

Tissue that provides structural support for the gill that gill filaments extend off.

25
Q

Describe the structure of gill filaments.

A

A
Filaments extend off the gill arch. Lamella are found on the filaments at right angles to increase the SA for gas exchange

26
Q

Describe how water flows over the gill filaments.

A

Water flows over the lamella on the gills at right angles.

27
Q

What is counter current flow?

A

Where water flows past gills in the opposite direction to the blood.

28
Q

Describe how the fish gas exchange system is adapted for rapid diffusion.

A

Large SA from lamella
Thin layer of epithelial cells
Constant ventilation as water consistently passes over gills

29
Q

Describe how oxygen diffuses from water to blood in fish.

A

Water flows over lamella. Water with the highest region of oxygen concentration flows next the region of blood with lowest oxygen concentration.

3: Exchange and Transport (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions