Insects 1

Question 1

Arthropod Characterisitcs

Answer 1

Jointed limbs, Segmented body and exoskeleton

-Insects & Arachnids

Question 2

Insects include…

Answer 2

Flies (Diptera)
Fleas (Siphonaptera)
Lice (Phthiraptera)
Bed bugs (Hemiptera)

Question 3

Arachnids include…

Answer 3

Ticks and mites

Question 4

Insect characteristics

Answer 4

Adults: 3 pairs of legs
Head, thorax, abdomen
Antenna

Question 5

Diptera characteristics

Answer 5

(flies)

Antenna, Proboscis, 3 pairs of legs

Question 6

Life cycle of Diptera

Answer 6

ELPA
Adults: irritate animal, feed on blood, transmit dz
Larvae/Instars: migrate in animal, feed on animal

Question 7

Veterinary importance of Diptera

Answer 7

• biological & mechanical transmission of organisms

- Fly strike

Question 8

Siphonaptera lifecycle

Answer 8

(Fleas)

ELPA

Question 9

Phthiraptera

Answer 9

(Lice)

• Host specific
• ENNNA

Question 10

2 types of Phthiraptera

Answer 10

Anoplura and Ischnocera

Question 11

Anoplura

Answer 11

• sucking lice: suck blood, cause anemia
• move slowly
• head narrow than thorax

Question 12

Ischnocera (Mallophaga)

Answer 12

• Chewing lice: feed on skin surface; pruritus; secondary infections
• move fast
• head wider than thorax

Question 13

Hemiptera

Answer 13

Bed bugs

-ENNNNNA

Question 14

Musca domestica

• Common name?
• Host?

Answer 14

• house fly

Hosts: domestic animals & humans

Question 15

Musca domestica

-Identification

Answer 15

• light to dark grey
• sticky hairs on pads of legs
• mouthparts fleshy adapted to sponging

Question 16

Musca autumnalis

• Common name?
• Identification
• LC

Answer 16

• face fly
• similar to house fly
• eggs laid in feces or rotting organic material

Question 17

Musca autumnalis

-Sites of infestation

Answer 17

animal secretions and wounds

Question 18

Musca autumnalis

-Pathogenesis and lesions:

Answer 18

• annoyance
• mechanical vector of viruses, bacteria, helminths, protzoa
• biological vector of Habronema & Draschia megastoma

Question 19

Musca autumnalis

-Clinical signs

Answer 19

• annoyance can interfere with grazing
• annoyance can result in a drop in performance
• can result in eye disorders or conjunctivitis

Question 20

Stomoxys calcitrans

• common name
• hosts

Answer 20

• stable fly, biting house fly

- most animals and humans

Question 21

Stomoxys calcitrans

-identification

Answer 21

• mouthparts rigid, conspicuous and forward projecting

- sits on wall head up

Question 22

Stomoxys calcitrans

-LC

Answer 22

• feeds on blood
• requires 3 minutes to finish its blood meal
• females lay eggs on decaying matter such as damp hay

Question 23

Stomoxys calcitrans

• Pathogenesis and lesions
• CS

Answer 23

• attack animals, transmit dz organisms

- increased head and ear movement, skin twitches and tail swishes

Question 24

Stomoxys calcitrans

• Dx
• Tx

Answer 24

• fly identification

- screens, sanitation; reduce breeding sites, insecticides, treat horse and environment, DO NOT treat compost

Question 25

Haematobia irritans - Common name - Hosts

Answer 25

- horn fly | - cattle

Question 26

Haematobia irritans | -Identification

Answer 26

- smallest bloodsucking muscids | - distinguish from stable fly being 1/2 size and shorter proboscis

Question 27

Haematobia irritans | -LC

Answer 27

- remain on hosts except when females lay eggs in fresh feces - overwinter (diapause, pupa)

Question 28

Haematobia irritans | -Sites of infection

Answer 28

- back in swarm - abdomen (belly) when raining - cluster around horns when not feeding

Question 29

Haematobia irritans | -Pathogenesis, lesions, CS

Answer 29

- feed in thousands - cause intense irritation - impair milk production and weight gains - transmit cattle helminths - more than 200 flies leads to economic losses

Question 30

Haematobia irritans | -Tx & prevention

Answer 30

- apply to host since fly remains on host most of the time | - insecticide resistance

Question 31

Culicoides - common names - host

Answer 31

- Biting midges, "no-see-ums" | - all domestic animals and humans

Question 32

Culicoides | -identification

Answer 32

- mottled wings, short piercing proboscis, antenna long and slender - only females take blood meals

Question 33

Culicoides - Pathogenesis and lesions - CS

Answer 33

- annoyance - transmits protozoa, helminths and viruses - pain inflicted outweighs size of fly - allergic reaction in some horses

Question 34

Culicoides - Dx - Tx and prevention

Answer 34

- fly identification - decrease standing water, avoid marshy pastures - tx horse: repellents, insecticides