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Institutional stuff Flashcards

(125 cards)

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1
Q

Natural PCN good coverage

A

Strep
Treponema pallidum

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Natural PCN mod coverage

A

Enterococci

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4
Q

Natural PCN duration

A

Short T1/2 = frequent admin
Procaine/Benzathine are IM and longer duration

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5
Q

DOC for syphillis

A

PCN G Benzathine

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6
Q

Anti-staph good coverage

A

MSSA
Strep

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7
Q

Anti-staph ADE

A

AIN
Phlebitis- can use first gen ceph bc same coverage but less frequent admin and less renal dysfunction and less phlebitis

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8
Q

Anti-staph PCNs

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Methcillin, Dicloxacillin

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9
Q

Aminopenicillin good coverage

A

Enterococci
Streptococci

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10
Q

Aminopenicillin mod coverage

A

Enteric GNRs
Haemophilus

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11
Q

Aminopenicillins

A

Amoxicillin
Ampicillin

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12
Q

Aminopenicillin ADE

A

Diarrhea! when PO

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13
Q

DOC for Enterococcus faecalis

A

Ampicillin

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14
Q

PCN/B-lactamase inhibitors

A

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
Piperacillin/Tazobactam
Ampicillin/Sulbactam

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15
Q

PCN/B-lactamase inhibitors good coverage

A

MSSA
Strep
Enterococci
Anaerobes
Enteric GNRs
Pseudomonas (Zosyn)

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16
Q

PCN/B-lactamase inhibitors mod coverage

A

GNRs w/ advanced beta-lactamases

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17
Q

DOC for Acinetobacter

A

Unasyn (Sulbactam)

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18
Q

1st gen ceph

A

Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefadroxil

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19
Q

1st gen ceph good coverage

A

MSSA
Strep

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20
Q

1st gen ceph mod coverage

A

some enteric GNRs

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21
Q

1st gen ceph cross-reactivity

A

Cephalexin/Cefadroxil same side chain as Amoxillin/Ampicillin so high cross reaction
(also 2nd gen Cefaclor and Cefprozil)
Cefazolin does not have side chain so low cross reaction

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22
Q

2nd gen ceph

A

Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin
Cefotetan
Cefprozil
Cefaclor

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23
Q

1st gen ceph general coverage

A

Good Gram+ bad Gram -

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24
Q

2nd gen ceph general coverage

A

better Gram - than 1st gen but slightly less Gram +

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25
2nd gen ceph good coverage
Some enteric GNRs Haemophilus Neisseria
26
2nd gen ceph mod coverage
Strep Staph Anaerobes (Cefotetan and Cefoxitin)
27
2nd gen ceph ADEs
Cefotetan has N-MTT side chain= Vit K inhibition and disulfiram rxn w/ EtOH
28
2nd gen ceph cross reactivity
Cefaclor and Cefprozil same side chain as Amoxillin/Ampicillin/Cephalexin/Cefadroxil so high cross reaction
29
3rd gen ceph
Ceftriaxone Cefuroxime Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Cefdinir Cefpodoxime Cefixime
30
3rd gen ceph general coverage
better Gram- than 1st/2nd Good strep but less good staph
31
3rd gen ceph good coverage
Strep (not Ceftazadime) Enteric GNRs Pseudomonas (only Ceftazadime)
32
3rd gen ceph mod coverage
MSSA (not ceftazadime)
33
3rd gen ceph ADEs
C. diff Cefpodoxime has N-MTT
34
4th gen ceph
Cefepime
35
4th gen ceph general coverage
G- and + 1st + 3rd gen coverage basically
36
4th gen ceph good coverage
MSSA Strep Pseudomonas Enteric GNRs
37
4th gen ceph mod coverage
Acinetobacter
38
4th gen ceph ADE
neurotoxicity
39
anti-MRSA ceph
Ceftaroline
40
ceftaroline good coverage
MSSA MRSA Strep Enteric GNRs (E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus)
41
ceftaroline mod coverage
E. faecalis
42
ceftaroline ADE
neutropenia
43
Siderospore ceph
Cefiderocal (fetroja)
44
Fetroja MOA
complex w/ iron and brought into cel where it destroys cell wall
45
fetroja good coverage
Pseudomonas Enteric GNRs (ESBL, carbapenemase producers) Stenotrophomonas matophilia
46
fetroja mod coverage
A. baumannii
47
Ceph/B-lactamase inhib
Ceftazadime/Avibactam (Avycaz) Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (Zerbaxa)
48
Avycaz/Zerbaxa good coverage
Pseudomonas Enteric GNRs (Enterobacter- avycaz>zerbaxa)
49
avycaz/zerbaxa mod coverage
some strep (zerbaxa)
50
Carbapenems
Imipenem/Cilastatin Meropenem Ertapenem
51
Carbapenem good coverage
MSSA Strep Anaerobes Enteric GNRs Pseudomonas (Not erta) ESBL producing GNRs
52
carbapenem mod coverage
Enterococci (not erta) Acinetobacter (not erta)
53
carbapenem ADEs
seizures (esp primaxin) C/I w/ VPA
54
Monobactam
Aztreonam
55
aztreonam good coverage
Pseudomonas GNRs
56
aztreonam mod coverage
Acinetobacter
57
aztreonam cross reaction
safe for beta lactam allergies except ceftazidime
58
glycopeptides
vancomycin telavancin
59
glycopeptide MOA
D-ala-D-ala on PG chains
60
glycopeptide good coverage
MSSA MRSA Strep C. diff (oral vanco only)
61
glycopeptide mod coverage
Enterococci
62
glycopeptide ADEs
Redman syndrome- decrease rate Ototoxicity Nephrotoxicity
63
Fluoroquinolones
Cipro Levofloxacin Moxifloxacin Delafloxacin
64
FQ MOA
topoisomerase inhibitor
65
cipro good coverage
enteric GNRs (E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus) H. influenzae
66
cipro mod coverage
Pseudomonas Atypicals
67
levo/moxi good coverage
Enteric GNRs S. pneumoniae Atypicals H. influenzae
68
levo/moxi mod coverage
Pseudomonas (Levo) MSSA Anaerobes (Moxi)
69
FQ ADEs
dizziness QT prolongation tendon rupture photosensitivity
70
FQ BBW
tendon rupture myasthenia gravis peripheral neuropathy seizures separate cations by 2 hours
71
Aminoglycosides
Gentamycin Tobramycin Amikacin Streptomycin Plazomicin
72
AG MOA
30S subunit
73
AG good coverage
GNB (E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas) -Pseudomonas: A>T>G>P -Klebsiella: P>A=G>T Mycobacterium (Amikacin)
74
AG mod coverage
Staph (in combo) Viridans strep Enterococci Acinetobacter
75
AG ADEs
nephrotoxicity ototoxicity neuromuscular blockade activation
76
AG levels
concentration dependent killing draw peak 30 min after infusion ends draw trough w/in 30 min of next dose
77
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline Minocycline Tetracycline Tigecycline Eravacycline Omadacycline
78
TC MOA
30S subunit
79
Tetra/doxy/mino good coverage
Atypicals Rickettsia Spirochetes (H. pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi) Plasmodium (malaria)
80
tetra/doxy/mino mod coverage
Staph (including MRSA) S. pneumoniae
81
Tige/erav/omad good coverage
atypicals enterococci (including VRE) staph (including MRSA) S. pneumoniae S. agalactiae S. pyogenes
82
TC ADEs
GI irritation- take w/ water standing up Photosensitivity Dizziness/vertigo (Mino) teeth discoloration cation chelation- admin 2 hours apart
83
Macrolides
Azithromycin Erythromycin Clarithromycin
84
Macrolide MOA
50S subunit
85
Macrolide good coverage
Atypicals H. influenzae Moraxella H. pylori Mycobacterium
86
macrolide mod coverage
S. pneumoniae S. pyogenes
87
macrolide ADEs
significant GI- Ery for GI motility hepatic issues QT prolongation
88
Oxazolidinones
Linezolid Tedizolid
89
Linezolid MOA
50S subunit
90
Linezolid good coverage
MSSA MRSA Strep Enterococci (including VRE) Nocardia
91
Linezolid mod coverage
some atypicals mycobacterium tuberculosis
92
Linezolid ADEs
BMS (thrombocytopenia)- don't use longer than 2 weeks Peripheral neuropathy Lactic acidosis
93
Linezolid DDI
SSRIs
94
Nitromidazoles
Metronidazole Tinidazole
95
Metronidazole MOA
form free radicals that damage DNA
96
Metronidazole good coverage
Anaerobes (Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Protozoa (trichomonas, entamoeba, giardia)
97
metronidazole mod coverage
H. pylori
98
Metronidazole ADEs
GI peripheral neuropathy seizures disulfiram Rxn warfarin interaction
99
Fosfomycin MOA
inhibits cell wall synthesis
100
Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin good coverage
E. coli S. saprophyticus
101
Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin mod coverage
Citrobacter Klebsiella Proteus Enterococci Serratia (Fosfo)
102
Nitrofurantoin and Fosfo ADEs
GI Nitro can cause acute pneumonitis or chronic pulmonary fibrosis
103
Lipopeptide
Daptomycin
104
Dapto MOA
depolarization and cell death due to leakage of intracellular cations
105
Dapto good coverage
MSSA MRSA Strep
106
Dapto mod coverage
Entercocci (including VRE)
107
Dapto ADEs
myalgias/rhabdo- monitor CK weekly inactivated by pulmonary surfactants
108
Dapto dosing
approved: 4-6mg/kg/d 8-10mg/kg/d for severe staph 10-12mg/kg/d for enterococcal endocarditis
109
Folate antagonists
Sulfa/Trimeth Dapsone Pyrimetamine Sulfadiazine
110
Folate antagonist MOA
depete folate and inhibit DNA
111
Folate antag good coverage
S. aureus H. influenzae Stenotrophomonas Listeria Pneumocycsitis jirovecii Toxoplasma gondii
112
folate antag mod coverage
enteric GNRs S. pneumoniae Salmonella Shigella Nocardia S. pyogenes
113
Folate antag ADEs
rash SJS BMS w/ bactrim crystalluria and AINF
114
folate antag DDIs
avoid warfarin w/ bactrim
115
Lincosamides
Clindamycin
116
Clinda MOA
50S ribosome
117
Clinda good coverage
G+ anaerobes Plasmodium (malaria) S. pyogenes
118
Clinda mod coverage
S. aureus S. agalactiae G- anaerobes chlamydia trachomatis Pneumocystis jirovecii Actinomyces Toxoplasma
119
Clinda ADEs
GI- diarrhea --> C. DIFF!!! rash SJS
120
Polymyxins
Colistin Polymyxin B
121
Polymyxin MOA
bind to outer membrane of G- bacteria and disrupt membrane stability causing leakage
122
Polymyxin good coverage
Many GNRs (including MDR A. baumannii, pseudomonas, K. pneumoniae)
123
polymyxin mod coverage
stenotrophomonas maltophilia
124
Polymyxin ADEs
acute tubular necrosis Neurotoxicity neuromuscular blockade
125
Polyene antifungals
Amphotericin B (liposomal)

IPCS 3 (5 decks)

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