Instrument Flight

Question 1

Two methods of attitude instrument flying

Answer 1

1. Control and performance: set the attitude using control instruments (manifold pressure, RPM, attitude), check it with performance instruments (others)
2. Primary and supporting: depending on the maneuver, different instruments will be used as “primary” vs “secondary”. Can be different to establish than to maintain.

Question 2

Instrument scan errors

Answer 2

Fixation, omission, emphasis

Question 3

Unusual attitude - nose high

Answer 3

Add power, drop nose, level wings, return to attitude/heading

Question 4

Unusual attitude - nose low

Answer 4

Reduce power, level wings, pull up to level, return to attitude/heading

Question 5

Pitch instruments

Answer 5

Airspeed, attitude, altitude, VS

Question 6

Bank instruments

Answer 6

Attitude, bank indicator, heading indicator

Question 7

Power instruments

Answer 7

Airspeed, manifold pressure, RPM

Question 8

Straight and level - power control

Answer 8

Establish: manifold pressure or tachometer (primary), airspeed (supporting)
Maintain: airspeed indicator (primary), manifold pressure (supporting)

Question 9

Straight and level - pitch control

Answer 9

Establish: attitude (primary), airspeed altimeter and vsi (supporting)
Maintain: altimeter (primary), airspeed attitude and vsi (supporting)

Question 10

Straight and level - bank control

Answer 10

Maintain: heading (primary), attitude and turn coordinator (supporting)

Question 11

Standard rate turns - bank control

Answer 11

Establish: attitude (primary), HSI Trend (supporting)
Maintain: HSI trend vector @ 3 (Primary), attitude (supporting)

Question 12

Formula - Approx bank angle for standard rate turns

Answer 12

True airspeed / 10 + 5

Question 13

Formula - Start your roll out (degrees)

Answer 13

Half the angle of bank

Question 14

Standard rate turns - pitch control

Answer 14

Establish: attitude pitch increased appropriately (primary), altimeter and vsi (supporting)
Maintain: altimeter (primary), attitude and vsi (supporting)

Question 15

Standard rate turns - power control

Answer 15

Maintain: airspeed indicator (primary), manifold pressure/tachometer (supporting)

Question 16

Constant airspeed climbs - pitch control

Answer 16

Establish: attitude (primary), airspeed + altimeter + vsi (supporting)
Maintain: airspeed (primary), attitude + altimeter + vsi (supporting)

Question 17

Constant rate climbs - pitch control

Answer 17

Establish: attitude (primary), airspeed + altimeter + vsi (supporting)
Maintain: vsi (primary), other 3 supporting

Question 18

Constant airspeed descents - pitch control

Answer 18

Establish: attitude is primary, other 3 support
Maintain: airspeed is primary, other 3 support

Question 19

Constant rate decent - pitch control

Answer 19

Establish: attitude is primary, others support
Maintain: VSI is primary, other support

Question 20

Formula - level off

Answer 20

10% of your vertical speed

Question 21

RNP Standards

Answer 21

Keep within a specified distance from the centerline 95% of the time:

• Enroute = 2nm
• Terminal operations = 1nm
• Approach = 0.3nm

Question 22

Appropriate Attitude settings for adjusting altitude

Answer 22

<100 feet: half bar width

>100 feet: full bar width

Question 23

Pitch instruments

Answer 23

Attitude
Altimeter
Airspeed
VSI

Question 24

Bank instruments

Answer 24

Attitude
Heading
Turn coordinator

Question 25

Power instruments

Answer 25

Manifold pressure Tachometer Airspeed indicator

Question 26

Factors affecting required attitude for level flight

Answer 26

Airspeed, air density, wing design, angle of attack