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Integumentary System > Integ > Flashcards

Integ Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

The process of scar tissue formation

A

Fibrosis

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2
Q

Scar remain within the boundaries of the original wound

A

Hypertrophic scar

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3
Q

Scars that extends beyond tye boundaries of the originsl wound into normsl surrounding tissues

A

Keloid scars

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4
Q

Four phases of deep wound cleaning

A

Inflammatory phase, migratory phase, proliferative phase, maturation phase

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5
Q

Tissue filling the wound

A

Granulation tissue

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6
Q

The edges of wound involve only slight damage to superficial epidermal cells

A

Epidermal wound healing

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7
Q

2 types of skin wound healing

A

Epidermal wound healing, deep wound cleaning

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8
Q

Caused by staphylococcus aureus; characterized by small blisters containing pus that easily rupture and forms a yellowish crust

A

Impetigo

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9
Q

Disorder of hair follicles and sebaceous glands

A

Acne

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10
Q

Necrosis of the skin due to tissue compression & reduced circulation

A

Decubitus Ulcers / bed sores / pressure sores

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11
Q

Fluid-filled areas in the skin that develop when tissues are damaged

A

Bullae

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12
Q

Caused by increased mitosis in stratum basale, abnormal keratinization and elongation of dermal papillae tward the skin surface producing thicker than normal skin

A

Psoriasis

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13
Q

Inflammatory conditions of the skin

A

Eczema & dermatitis

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14
Q

Fungal infection affecting the keratinized portion of the skin, hair, nails

A

Ringworm

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15
Q

Chicken pox, measels, warts

A

Viral infections

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16
Q

Congenital disorder of the capillary of the dermis

A

Birthmarks

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17
Q

Development of patches of white skin

A

Vitiligo

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18
Q

Rare form of 2% of all skin cancers most prevalent life-threatening cancer in young women metastasize rapidly and can kill a person within moths of diagnosis

A

Malignant melanoma

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19
Q

20% of all skin cancers arise from squamous celld of the epidermis and have a variable tendency to metastasize

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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20
Q

Most frequent 78% of all skin cancers tumors arise from cells in the stratum basale of the epidermis and rarely metastasize

A
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21
Q

3 types of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

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22
Q

Idication of yellowish discoloration

A

Liver problems

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23
Q

Bluish lips/skin color

A

Hypoxia / oxygen defficiency

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24
Q

Largest organ outside the body

A

Skin

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25
Surface area of the skin
Approximately 2 sq. m
26
The skin weighs…
Appeoximately 6kg (4-5) and about 7% of the body weight
27
8 function of the skin
Protection, thermoregulation, absorption, immunizaty, sensation, excretion, blood reservoir, synthesis of vitamin D
28
Protects underlying tissues
Keratin
29
Resist invasion by microbes
Interlocked keratinocytes
30
Released by the lamellar granules retard evaporation of water
Lipids
31
Protects the skin and the hair from dying
Oilu sebum
32
Retards the growth of microbes
Perspiration (acidic pH)
33
Provides protection against UV rays
Melanin
34
2 types of sensation that arise in the skin
Tactile, thermal
35
Receptors in the epidermis and dermis
Free nerve endings corpuscle, pacinian corpuscle, merkel’s corpuscle
36
Active form of vitamin D
Calcitriol
37
Liberating sweat at its surface and by adjusting the flow of blood in the dermis
Thermoregulation
38
Sweating, removal of heat, water and other substances like salts CO2, lrganic molecules from the breakdown of CHON (ammonia, urea)
Excretion
39
Oily material that lubricates the skin and hair
Sebum
40
Recognize and process some microbe
Langerhans cells (stratum spinosum)
41
Skin house 1/3 of blood vessels supplying the body
Blood reservoir
42
Section of the skin
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis or subcutaneous tissue
43
Dermatology came from the word
Dermat= skin, ology=study of
44
Branch of medicine the specializes in diagnosing and treating skin disorders
Dermatology
45
The skin generates every
2 weeks
46
Parts of epidermis
Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale
47
Layers of the dermis
Papillary layer, reticular layer
48
Forms a covering of the entire body surface; flat, thick layer kd deadcells/keratinocytes; continually sheds off/ desquamates
Stratum corneum
49
Most prominent in palms, soles; flat CLEAR layer of deadcells which contain ELEIDIN
Stratum lucidum
50
Transitional subtance between keratin and keratohyalin
Eleidin
51
Where some new cells are formed & pushed to the surface
Stratum germinativum
52
A developmental process that newly form cells in the stratum basale undergo as they are being pushed to the surface
Keratinization
53
A protein hormone that stimulates growth of epidermal cells
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
54
What protein gives the skin its structural strength
Collagen
55
Sub-epithelial layer; consists of papillae that extend into the epidermis forming fingerprints and footprints; contain blood vessels
Papillary layer
56
Depper layer; netlike layer of collagen & elastic fibers (strength, extensibility, elasticity)
Reticular layer
57
Visible red/silvery streaks on the surface of the skin or small tears in the dermis due to extreme stretching
Striae or stretch marks
58
Epidermal ridges or grooves + sweat=
Fingerprints and footprints
59
Layer of the skin that contains fat
Hypodermis
60
3 pigments
Melanin Carotene Hemoglobin
61
Brown to black
Melanin
62
Yellow to orange
Carotene
63
Factors affecting melanin production
Genetic, hormones, exposure to sunlight
64
How is melanin synthesized?
Exposure to UV lights, increased activity of the melanosomes, increased melanin production, tanned appearance of the skin, protection
65
Skin derivative
Hair, nails, receptors, glands
66
The color of the hair is due to
Melanin
67
Gray hair is due to
Decline in tyrosinase
68
Superficial portion of the hair
Shaft
69
Portiion that penetrates the dermis or SC layer
Root
70
Surround the root of the hair; made of external and internal root sheath
Hair follicle
71
At the base of each hair follicle; houses the papilla of the hair and contains the matrix
Bulb
72
Contracts/pulls the hair shaft/ goose bumps/ gooseflesh
Arrector pili muscle
73
Forms the central core; contains soft keratin; pigment granules and air spaces
Medulla
74
Thickest layer, major part of the shaft; hard portion surrounding the medulla, containing pigment granules im dark hair but mostly air in gray or white hair
Cortex
75
Made up of thin squamous cells, mostly heavily keratinized, that overlap to create a scale-like appearance, their free edges pointing towag the end of the hair
Cuticle
76
Types of glands
Sebaceous (oil glands), sweat glands ( suderiferous)
77
Simple, branched acinar glands, connected to hair follicles
Sebaceous/ oil glands
78
Two types of suderiferous glands
Eccrine/merocrine, apocrine
79
Produces sweat
Merocrine glands
80
Commonly known as cold sweat
Apocrine
81
Superficial skin infection; caused by staphylococcus aureus; small blisters with pus
Impetigo
82
Affection of the hair follicles & sebaceous glands
Acne
83
Necrosis (death) of skin tissue
Decubitus ulcer
84
Fluid-filled areas of the skin
Bullae
85
Skin disease marked by scaly patches
Psoriasis
86
Inflammatory condition of the skin
Dermatitis
87
Fungal infection that affects the keratinized portion of the skin
Ringworm
88
Viral infection with fluid-filled vesicles
Chickenpox
89
Viral infection, characterized by unevaluated lesions/redness (macule)
Measles
90
Cogenital disorders affecting the capillaries of fhe skin
Birthmark
91
White irregular patches
Vitiligo
92
First lesions to appear on the skin
Primary lesions
93
Redness and inflammation of the skin & mucous membrane
Ertythema
94
Discolorations of irregular shape
Patches
95
Small circumscribed solid elevation
Papule
96
Circumscribed, thin translucent lesion, fluid-filled, blood-filled
Vesicle
97
Larger than vesicles
Bullae
98
Vesicle/bullae filled with pus
Pustule
99
Larger than papule
Nodule
100
Inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin
Albinism
101
Modified sweat glands in the external ear, producing waxy secretions known as cerumen or earwax
Ceruminous glands

Integumentary System (1 decks)

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