Integrating Science

Question 1

What part of the brain is damaged by forward motion?

Answer 1

Prefrontal lobe

Question 2

What part of the brain is damaged by side to side shifting?

Answer 2

Temporal lobe

Question 3

What is damage to the temporal lobe primarily responsible for producing?

Answer 3

Emotional lability and impulsivity

Question 4

What sense is associated with more intense memories?

Answer 4

Smell

Question 5

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

Answer 5

Complex behavioral algorithms

Question 6

What is the Coolidge effect?

Answer 6

Mrs. Coolidgediscovered that roosters exposed to novel hens copulate furiously then lose interest

Question 7

What is serotonin responsible for?

Answer 7

Mood, sleep, pleasure, appetite, and memory

Question 8

What is dopamine responsible for?

Answer 8

mood, reward circuits, sleep, pleasure, and voluntary movement

Question 9

What is sensory gating?

Answer 9

The ability to filter stimuli and choose what you attend to.

Question 10

Damage to the prefrontal lobe typically causes what?

Answer 10

Impaired executive functioning

Question 11

How do stimulants cause serotonin and dopamine flooding?

Answer 11

Stimulants speed up the release of neurotransmitters making them flood the synapse.

Question 12

What is the most powerful stimulant in terms of creating flood?

Answer 12

Extasy

Question 13

What is the least powerful stimulant?

Answer 13

Caffeine

Question 14

Why do users crash after using stimulants?

Answer 14

Neurotransmitters get caught up in re-uptake - making them unavailable for use

Question 15

What are the effects of neurotransmitter flooding?

Answer 15

Free radical production –> free radicals kill or stun cells

Question 16

Why is it dangerous for nerve cells to be frequently stunned?

Answer 16

Nerve cells that are repeatedly stunned eventually die.

Question 17

How do neurotransmitters affect mania?

Answer 17

Flooding increases the amount of neurotransmitters in the synapse, which produces symptoms of mania.

Question 18

How do neurotransmitters affect depression?

Answer 18

Clients may be born with too little reserves of neurotransmitters or they may be depleted due to prolonged stress.

Question 19

How does long term exposure to high stress affect the brain?

Answer 19

The amygdala shrinks after long-term exposure to cortisol.

Question 20

How many items can a normal individual hold in working memory?

Answer 20

7+ or - 2 chunks

Question 21

What types of memory is there?

Answer 21

Attention, working memory, short term, and long term memory.

Question 22

What type of memory is analogous to a computer’s cache?

Answer 22

Attention

Question 23

What type of memory is analogous to a computer’s RAM?

Answer 23

Working memory

Question 24

What type of memory is analogous to a computer’s Hard Drive?

Answer 24

Short term memory and long term memory

Question 25

What is cognitive constriction?

Answer 25

The squealching of working memory.

Question 26

How does anxiety affect working memory and performance?

Answer 26

For good performance, you need a moderate amount of anxiety (think of bell curve)

Question 27

How is psychosis related to neurotransmitters?

Answer 27

An increase in dopamine leads to psychosis or perceptual disturbances.

Question 28

What functions are associated with the temporal lobe?

Answer 28

Perception/recognition of auditory stimuli; memory; speech

Question 29

What function is associated with the occipital lobe?

Answer 29

Visual processing

Question 30

What are the two main components of the brain stem?

Answer 30

Midbrain and hindbrain

Question 31

What are the three components of the hindbrain?

Answer 31

Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum

Question 32

What functions are associated with the pons?

Answer 32

Bladder control; eye movement; facial expressions; hearing; posture; respiration; sleep; swallowing; taste

Question 33

What are the functions associated with the medulla?

Answer 33

Breathing; heart rate; blood pressure

Question 34

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 34

Fine motor control; balance/equilibrium; muscle tone

Question 35

What are the functions of the limbic system?

Answer 35

emotion; behavior; motivation; long-term memory; smell

Question 36

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 36

Command Center of the brain; processes and relays sensory information

Question 37

What is the cerebral cortex?

Answer 37

The brain's outer layer of grey matter consisting of four lobes.

Question 38

What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 38

Frontal; parietal; temporal; and occipital

Question 39

What are the functions of the frontal lobe?

Answer 39

reasoning; planning; parts of speech; movement; emotions; problem solving

Question 40

What are the functions associated with the parietal lobe?

Answer 40

movement; orientation; recognition; perception of stimuli

Question 41

What diseases does dopamine play a major role in?

Answer 41

Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia

Question 42

What is the function of norepinephrine?

Answer 42

fight or flight; increase in HR and BP, release of glucose, and increase in blood flow to muscles.

Question 43

What is the function of epinephrine?

Answer 43

aids fight or flight; regulates hr, bp, and air passages

Question 44

What is the function of acetylcholine?

Answer 44

Slows heart rate, excites muscles

Question 45

What is the function of glutamate?

Answer 45

plays a key role in growth and development of neurons; highly involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory

Question 46

What is the function of GABA?

Answer 46

regulates neuronal excitability, relieves anxiety, induces relaxation, regulates muscle tone

Question 47

What is substance P?

Answer 47

Supbstance P is the pain hormone, which jumps to the front of the line and takes all attention.

Question 48

What is a schema?

Answer 48

A psychological construct that allows us to orient, detect, sort, organize and filter information and experiences.

Question 49

What developmental theorist developed the idea of a schema?

Answer 49

Piaget

Question 50

How do migraines, seizures, mania, and psychosis damage the brain?

Answer 50

Events with high electrical activity or neurotransmitter flooding cause neurons to be repeatedly stunned, eventually causing them to wither and die.

Question 51

What saying summarizes the damage from brain storms?

Answer 51

A candle that burns twice as bright burns half as long.

Question 52

What is the mechanism by which self harming behaviors impacts emotional pain?

Answer 52

The injury causes the release of substance P which distracts from the emotional pain.

Question 53

How do we integrate the numerous dialectics, such as crisis theory vs medical theory and art vs science of psychotherapy?

Answer 53

All are simultaneously true.