Integration

Question 1

You are planning communications on a new service development project. Your stakeholder list is large, but not terribly complicated. Not all stakeholders will understand the need for developing an actual communications plan, and you already have good relationships with most stakeholders on this project. What is one of the major driving forces for communication on a project?

Optimization
Integrity
Integration
Differentiation

Answer 1

Integration

Question 2

The customer has accepted the completed project scope. However, the lessons learned required by the project management office have not been completed. What is the status of the project?

Answer 2

The project is Incomplete until all project and product deliverables are complete and accepted

Question 3

Your well planned project is likely to encounter a number of change requests and approved changes during its life cycle. In the change management plan, you have outlined the processes that you and others will use to understand the impacts of changes. Getting a stakeholder acceptance of the decisions related to change on this project is critical, as a failed project could impact shareholder value and the earning projections for the organization. Your attention is best focussed on which of the following regarding changes on your project?

Answer 3

Preventing unnecessary changes

Question 4

The customer on a project tells the project manager they have run out of money to pay for the project. What should the project manager to first?

Answer 4

Close project or phase

Question 5

All the following are parts of an effective change management plan except:

Procedures
Standards for reports
Meetings
Lessons learned

Answer 5

Lessons learned

Question 6

A work authorization system can be used to

Answer 6

Manage when and in what sequence Work is done

Question 7

Which of the following would be most important to include in a charter for an agile project?

Answer 7

Authorization for the product owner to prioritize features to maximize value

Question 8

A project is plagued by requested changes to the project charter. Who has the primary responsibility to decide if these changes are necessary?

Answer 8

The sponsor

Question 9

Effective project integration usually requires an emphasis on

Answer 9

Effective communication at key interface points

Question 10

The project managers main responsibilities include being of service to the team, Integrating new team members as the project progresses, and ensuring that the project meets its objectives within scope, time, budget and other constraints. Which of the following best describes the project managers role as an integrator?

Answer 10

Put all the pieces of a project into a cohesive whole

Question 11

Approved corrective actions are an input to which of the following processes?

Answer 11

Direct and manage project work

Question 12

At various points during project execution, the project manager reviews the project charter. Which of the following best describes what a project charter maybe used for in the work has been completed?

Answer 12

To help determine if a scope change should be approved

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a project management plan

Answer 13

Scope, risk, resource, and other management plans

Question 14

A project management plan should be realistic in order to be used to manage the project. Which of the following is the best method to achieve a realistic project management plan?

Answer 14

The project manager Create the project management plan based on input from the team

Question 15

You have taken over a project during project planning and have discovered that six individuals have signed the project charter. Which of the following should most concern you?

Answer 15

Spending more time on configuration management

Question 16

To manage risk for an agile project, which of the following would you be least likely to need?

Answer 16

Risk management plan

Question 17

The project manager is working to clearly describe the level of involvement expected from everyone on the project in order to prevent rework, conflict and coordination problems. Which of the following best describes the project managers efforts?

Answer 17

Develop project management plan and plan quality management

Question 18

All the following are parts of the direct and manage project work process:

Answer 18

1. Identifying changes
2. Using a work breakdown structure
3. Implementing corrective actions

Question 19

A project manager is appointed to had a highly technical project in an area with which this person has limited familiarity. The project manager delegates the processes of develop schedule, estimate costs, define activities and estimate activity resources to various team members and basically serves as an occasional referee and coordinator of activities. The results of this approach are likely to be

Answer 19

A team that is characterized by poor performance, no morale, High level of conflict and high turnover

Question 20

You are in the middle of leading a major modification project For an existing manufactured product when you learned that the resources promised at the beginning of the project are not available. According to your plans, these resources will be needed soon, and their unavailability will affect your timeline and possibly other aspects of the project. What is the best thing to do?

Answer 20

Explain the impact if the promise resources are not made available

Question 21

The project manager has just received a change request from the customer that doesn’t affect the project schedule and it’s easy to complete. What should the project manager do first?

Answer 21

Evaluate the impacts on other project constraints

Question 22

You are the project manager for an existing year long project that must be completed. Your company just won a major new project. It will begin in three months and is valued at $2 million. The new project has a greater starting value and is therefore likely to have a higher priority than your project. It may affect your resources. You are concerned about how you will manage your project so that both projects can be implemented successfully. What is the first thing you should do when you hear of the new project?

Answer 22

Ask management how the new project will affect your project

Question 23

In the middle of the project, the project manager is informed by her scheduler that the project control limits are secure. The same morning, she receives a note from a team member about a problem he’s having. The note say‘s, “this activity is driving me crazy, and the manager of the accounting department won’t help me until the activities float is in jeopardy.“ In addition, the project manager has emails from a minor stakeholder and 14 emails from team members. While she is reading the emails, a team member walks into the project managers office to tell her a corrective action was implemented by a team member from the project management office, but wasn’t documented. What should the project manager do next?

Answer 23

Add the implemented corrective action to the change log, discuss the value of documentation at the next team meeting, and smooth the team members issue with the accounting department.

Question 24

Which of the following sequences represent straight line depreciation?

Answer 24

100, 100, 100

Question 25

For an agile project, changes are an important part of the process, allowing the product owner to maximize value delivery. As the manager of an agile project, how should you approach managing changes?

Answer 25

Changes should be addressed as low as possible on the cost of change curve

Question 26

The client demands changes to the product specifications that will add only two weeks to the critical path. Which of the following is the best thing for the project manager to do?

Answer 26

Consult with the sponsor about options

Question 27

You are asked to prepare a budget for completing a project that was started last year and then shelved for six months. All the following would be included in the project budget except

Answer 27

Sunk costs

Question 28

A project is chartered to determine new ways to extend the product life of one of the companies medium producing products. The project manager comes from the engineering department, and the team comes from the product management and marketing departments. The project scope statement and project planning are completed when a stakeholder notifies the team that there is a better way to complete one of the work packages. The stakeholder supplies a technical review letter from his department Proving that the new way to complete the work package will actually be faster than the old way. The project manager has had similar experience with this department on other projects, and was expecting this to happen on this project. What is the first in the project manager should do?

Answer 28

Determine how this change will impact the cost to complete the work package and the quality of the product of the work package

Question 29

The CFO is a key stakeholder on your adult project. One day he emails you “I just saw the backlog, and we have a problem! We need to update the description of stories 12.4 to 12.6 to reflect our new digital business strategy”. How should you respond?

Answer 29

I will refer this request to the product owner, who will decide what to do about it

Question 30

All the following are part of Close project or phase

Answer 30

1. Creating lessons learned
2. Formal acceptance
   3. Performance reporting

Question 31

The project manager can help influence the processes that affect change on projects by creating and using the most appropriate planning strategies and tools. Assuming the project manager has created and is executing the best possible project management plan, project sponsor should help the project manager to protect the project against a necessary changes. Which of the following best reflects the phrase, “influence the factors that affect change?”

Answer 31

Determining the sources of changes and fixing the root causes

Question 32

You are managing an agile project with a high level of requirements uncertainty. What is the best way to manage changes throughout the project to ensure the project goals are met?

Answer 32

Delegate authority to the team and the product owner to manage changes as they arise

Question 33

The organization is about to begin as soon as series of similar projects. The projects will be managed consecutively. Each project involves developing an online cooking video focussed on foods appropriate to the month in which they will be released. For example, the summer videos will include picnic food and cool treats, and the December video will feature holiday foods for Hanukah Christmas and other holiday occasions. The project sponsor is adamant that the project management plan for each project includes an emphasis on making the best possible use of the lessons learned register. He believes that other projects haven’t been successful because they failed to take advantage of lessons learned from previously completed projects. The lesson register should be updated

Answer 33

Throughout the project

Question 34

Knowledge management is a Key responsibility of the project manager. This responsibility includes managing two kinds of knowledge on a project: tacit and explicit. Which of the following definitions are correct?

Answer 34

Tacit knowledge includes emotions experience and abilities

Question 35

The purpose of lessons learned is to bring together any insights gained during a project that can be usefully applied on future projects. When should a project manager ideally commence this activity?

At the start of project planning
From project kickoff meeting
At the start of project execution
During the project closure

Answer 35

From project kickoff meeting.

Manage project knowledge is the process of using existing knowledge and creating new knowledge to achieve the project’s objectives and contribute to organizational learning. This process is performed throughout the project.

Question 36

One of the stakeholders of a project initiated a change request, which was then documented in the change control system. Who would typically be responsible for approving or rejecting the change request?

The project manager
The stakeholder who raised the change request
The sponsor
An authority within the project management team or external organization

Answer 36

An authority within the project management team or external organization

Typically, some authority within the project management team or an external organization would approve or reject the change request. However, on many projects the project manager is given authority to approve certain types of change requests

Question 37

Which of the following is neither an input to nor an output of the Develop Project Charter process?

A project charter
Benefits management plan
A business case
Expert Judgment

Answer 37

Expert Judgment

A project statement of work and a business case are inputs to the develop project charter process. A project charter is an output of the develop project charter process. Expert judgement is a tool and technique of this process.

Question 38

During a project’s review, an executive states the project manager failed to forecast future outcomes based on past results, review how other projects addressed the similar issues, and analyze alternative solutions to issues. What has the project manager most likely overlooked with his intuitive manner of running the project?

Using analytical techniques
Performing alternatives analysis
Utilizing trend analysis
Conducting document analysis

Answer 38

Using analytical techniques

Analytical techniques are used to evaluate, analyze, or forecast potential outcomes based on possible variations of a project or environmental variables and their relationships with other variables. In this scenario, the executive is describing various analytical techniques which the project manager has overlooked, including trend analysis, document analysis, and alternatives analysis. Running projects intuitively, without objective data and comparisons, is problematic and may ultimately lead to the failure of the project. Data is objective, and the executive is noticing that objective data is missing from the project. The incorrect answer choices each address one, but not all, of the executive’s concerns. Analytical techniques provide the most comprehensive answer to the question asked, making it the best response.

Question 39

The project you have been managing for several years is now moving towards completion. Some of the project deliverables have been contracted to vendors. You begin to close the project and want to make sure all activities necessary for project closure are properly completed. Which of the following activities would you not perform as part of this process?

1. Reviewing the project exit criteria
2. Measuring stakeholders’ satisfaction
3. Closing procurements with vendors
4. Ensuring all costs are charged to the project

Answer 39

Closing procurements with vendors

The question implies you have begun the Close Project or Phase process. Close Project or Phase is the process of finalizing all activities for the project or phase. The planned work is completed, the project information is archived, and the resources are reallocated. When closing the project, you will review the project management plan to ensure all project work is completed and that the project has met its objectives. The administrative, financial, and legal closure is performed as part of this process. All answer choices except closing procurements with vendors represent activities performed during project closure. Individual contracts, or procurements, are closed as part of the Control Procurements process producing an output of closed procurements. Closed procurements then serve as an input to the Close Project or Phase process. Therefore, since closing procurements with vendors is not an activity carried out during project closure, of the choices provided, closing procurements with vendors is the best answer to the question asked.

Question 40

Which of the following processes gives the project management team insights into the health of the project?

1. Perform Integrated Change Control
2. Develop Project Management Plan
3. Determine Budget
4. Monitor and Control Project Work

Answer 40

Monitor and Control Project Work

It must be a process from the monitoring and controlling process group. The correct response is monitor and control project work. This is the process for collecting, measuring, and disseminating performance information and for assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvements. Monitoring includes status reporting, progress measurement, and forecasting.

Question 41

You are new to project management, but you have been managing a small project successfully. Now, management has given you another project to manage, something you are excited about. However, the new project is growing exponentially every day. You have also learned that a project manager you work with managed a similar project last year. What should you do?

1. Obtain historical records and get guidance from the project manager
2. Speak to the other project manager to develop your project plans
3. Get the project assigned to the PM who managed the similar project
4. Wait to see if the scope of the project continues to grow

Answer 41

Obtain historical records and get guidance from the project manager

The historical records will give you an understanding of the prior project; however, you should also obtain guidance from the project manager.

Question 42

A collection of formally documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled, changed, and approved is:

A change control board
A change control system
Project documentation
An authorization system

Answer 42

A change control system

A collection of formally documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled, changed and approved is called a change control system. This is a subsystem of the configuration management system.

Question 43

A project manager must stress the importance of collecting and documenting lessons learned through the project lifecycle. One good way to collect this information is during weekly status meetings. Usually, weekly status meetings, if not managed properly, end up in firefighting since most of the time, attention goes to the burning issues. How can you ensure that the lessons-learned gathering does not get missed in such a situation?

1. Do not discuss burning issues in weekly status meetings.
2. Replace status update meetings with one-on-one meetings with the team members.
3. Add a lessons-learned agenda item.
4. Record the minutes of the meeting.

Answer 43

Add a lessons-learned agenda item.

A good approach is to add a lessons-learned agenda item to the meeting. As the meeting progresses to the point where you’re ready to collect lessons-learned information, ask each team member about his or her positive and negative experiences for the week. Don’t mention the words “Lessons Learned” to them; just capture what went right and wrong from every team member. Do your best to prevent this part of the meeting from devolving into a complaint session. [pmi best practice; not explicitly stated in pmbok] [project integration management]

Question 44

The Executive VP of Finance has informed you that you will be the project manager for an energy audit the company is performing in order to save expenses. He has assigned you to identify the stakeholders and to start documenting the high-level assumptions and constraints. Your project is in what stage?

Executing
Monitoring and Controlling
Planning
Initiating

Answer 44

Initiating

Identifying stakeholders, high-level assumptions and constraints are part of developing the project charter, which is a part of the initiating process group.

Question 45

Changes in projects are inevitable. Therefore, project managers must develop or use a system to manage and control changes. There are four types of changes that need to be controlled in a project: Project changes, deliverable changes, process changes, and baseline changes. The impact of each of these changes must be evaluated, and approved or rejected changes must be communicated to all stakeholders, as and when required. Which of the following helps control these changes?
Select one Mark question

1. Change control and Control chart
2. Control chart and Cost control
3. Configuration control and Change control
4. Configuration control and Control chart

Answer 45

Configuration control is focused on the specification of both the processes and deliverables, whereas change control is focused on project changes and the product baselines. A configuration control process and change control system must be implemented to handle all those changes.

Question 46

You are managing a highly complex drug manufacturing project, and your sponsor is highly motivated and influential. You are optimistic about the outcome of the project; however, you are unsure about the project approval requirements that measure the project’s success. You would like to document the name of the person who signs off on the project and the criteria that constitute the project’s success. Which of the following documents should you use first to incorporate project approval requirements?
Select one Mark question

The project charter
The project management plan
The approval requirement plan
The scope document

Answer 46

Project approval requirements must be documented early in the project during the initiation phase. These requirements show the requisites for project success, the names of persons signing off on the project and deliverable requirements. Since the project charter is created in the initiation phase of the project, the project manager must include these requirements in the charter.

Question 47

Which of the following processes are usually performed once or at predefined points in the project:
Select one Mark question

1. “Direct and Manage Project Work” and “Monitor and Control Project Work”
2. “Develop Project Management Plan” and “Direct and Manage Project Work”
3. “Develop Project Charter” and “Close Project or Phase”
4. “Develop Project Charter” and “Develop Project Management Plan”

Answer 47

The “develop project charter” and the “close project or phase” process are used once or at predefined points in the project. The other choices have at least one process that is either performed continuously or periodically as needed

Question 48

Mark is in the middle of a software development project. So far, the project has incurred a total cost of $50,000. If it is determined the project is no longer required, what would we call the cost incurred to date?
Select one Mark question

Breakeven cost
Opportunity cost
Return on investment
Sunk cost

Answer 48

Sunk cost is defined as a cost that has already been incurred and which cannot be recovered.

Question 49

You are managing a project in Alaska to extend an existing oil pipeline, and you are about to start project planning. Due to the large size of the project along with the regulatory and environmental considerations, the development of a detailed project management plan will be critical. As a starting point for initial project planning, what is the first thing you should do?

Select one Mark question

Review the project charter to understand the high-level information about the project
Share the project scope statement with the project team for a common understanding of project deliverable
Conduct a project kick-off meeting to inform and engage stakeholders and gain commitment
Begin the process of identifying stakeholders so they can be engaged as necessary for project planning

Answer 49

The question states that project planning is about to begin which suggests that project initiation has been completed. The project charter is created during the Develop Project Charter process as part of project initiation. The project team uses the project charter as a starting point for initial project planning. The type and amount of information in the project charter varies depending on the complexity of the project and the information known at the time of its creation. At a minimum, the project charter should define the high-level information about the project that will be elaborated in the various components of the project management plan.

Question 50

Your company is considering buying a building worth $1 million. If the company buys this building and rents it out for the next five years, it will get $100,000 per year as rent (receivable by the end of each year). At the end of the fifth year, the company will resell the building at $1.1 million. What is the NPV of this investment at 10 percent per annum discount rate?
Select one Mark question

2200000
1600000
62092
600000

Answer 50

NPV = discounted inflows – discounted outflows since the full investment, i.e. $1 million, needs to be made now, we don’t have to discount the outflows. However, we need to discount all the inflows by 10% per annum. the discount formula is: Present Value (PV) = Future Value / (1 + discount rate)^period for year 1: PV1 = 100,000 / 1.1^1 = 90,909 for year 2: pv1 = 100,000 / 1.1^2 = 82,645 for year 3: PV1 = 100,000 / 1.1^3 = 75,131 for year 4: PV1 = 100,000 / 1.1^4 = 68,301 for year 5: PV1 = 1,200,000 / 1.1^5 = 745,106 hence the total PV of the inflows = 1,062,092 NPV = 1,062,092 – 1,000,000 = $62,092

Question 51

You are a project manager creating the final project report. Which information would you NOT include in this report?
Select one Mark question

1. Lessons learned from previous similar projects
2. Scope objectives
3. Risk summaries
4. Cost objectives

Answer 51

The lessons learned from the previous similar projects are used throughout the project. These are already part of the organizational process assets and are not recorded in the final project report. The rest of the choices are valid sections of a final project report.

Question 52

During which of the following project processes do key stakeholders engage with the project for the first time?
Select one Mark question

Identify Stakeholders
Plan Stakeholder Engagement
Collect Requirements
Develop Project Charter

Answer 52

Project stakeholders are involved in each of the project management processes. The develop project charter is the first project management process where the key project stakeholders get engaged for the first time. Stakeholders provide expert judgment and participate in facilitated sessions during the charter development.

Question 53

The organization’s strategy provides a strategic direction and performance parameters for identifying, selecting, and delivering the right mix of projects. If it is determined that some of the CEO’s favorite projects do not fully align with the business objective, the PMO manager must:
Select one Mark question

1. Recommendation a realignment of the strategy
2. Honor the CEO’s desires and execute the project
3. Recommend a realignment of the project objectives
4. Terminate the project

Answer 53

Honoring the ceo’s desires and executing the project is against the pmi’s code of ethics since the project manager knows that some of the projects are not fully aligned with the strategy. Terminating the project is an extreme and should not be the first consideration. The project manager must make a recommendation to realign the project objectives with the organizational strategy since value to the business can only be delivered when projects remain aligned with the strategic direction of the organization.

Question 54

All the following activities are performed in the Close Project or Phase process except:
Select one Mark question

1. Documenting the reasons for terminating the projects early
2. Activities that are needed to transfer the completed products to operations
3. Sending the deliverables to the customer for acceptance
4. Activities that fulfill the exit criteria of the project

Answer 54

Sending the deliverables to the customer for acceptance is an activity of the validate scope process. The other choices are activities related to the close project or phase process.

Question 55

Mary has just assigned Thomas as project manager of an upcoming railway construction project. She hands an approved project charter to Thomas. Once Thomas thoroughly reviews the project charter, what should he do next?
Select one Mark question

1. Distribute the charter to all key project stakeholders and ensure common understanding
2. Kick-start the Develop Project Management Plan process
3. Review the charter once again since one thorough review is never enough
4. Add the project charter to the organizational lessons-learned archive

Answer 55

Upon the receipt of the approved project charter, it is the project manager’s responsibility to inform all key stakeholders of the approved project charter and to ensure common understanding of the key deliverables, milestones, and their roles and responsibilities. This is also mentioned in the pmp examination content outline as one of the project manager’s task during project initiation. [pmi best practice; not explicitly stated in pmbok] [project integration management]

Question 56

Which of the following analytical techniques evaluates investment potential considering time-value of money?
Select one Mark question

Earned value management
Pareto analysis
Monte Carlo technique
Discounted cash flow

Answer 56

Discounted cash flow analysis uses future free cash flow projections and discounts them to arrive at a present value estimate, which is used to evaluate the potential for investment. Rest of the choices are incorrect because pareto analysis is carried out to identify the most significant factors out of many; earned value management is carried out to monitor and control cost of an ongoing project; while the monte carlo is a simulation technique used to analyze project risks.

Question 57

Which of the following is not an enterprise environmental factor influencing the Develop Project Management Plan process?
Select one Mark question

1. Project Management Plan template
2. Governmental or industry standards
3. Legal and regulatory requirements
4. Project management body of knowledge

Answer 57

The project management plan template is an organizational process asset. The other choices are valid enterprise environmental factors that influence the develop project management plan process.

Question 58

You have recently become the project manager for a construction project. You are a new hire in your company and are unaware of the organizational project management standards. Which of the following can help you get a head start on your project?
Select one Mark question

1. Review the PMBOK guide thoroughly
2. Communicate with other project managers in your organization
3. Develop the project charter and get it approved
4. Consult the lessons learned from your previous similar projects

Answer 58

Reviewing the pmbok guide or developing the charter will not help you come on board with your organization’s work standards. Further, reviewing the lessons learned from you past similar projects won’t help since you are a new hire in the company and your past projects are not with this organization. The best way is to talk to other project managers in the company and get their expert opinion.

Question 59

A change request that is issued to bring the performance of the project back in line with the project management plan is related to:
Select one Mark question

Proactive action
Corrective action
Preventive action
Defect repair

Answer 59

A change request that is issued to bring the performance of a project back in line with the project management plan relates to a required corrective action.

Question 60

Andy has just become the project manager of a multi-million-dollar construction project. Andy also has an approved project charter that authorizes him to apply organizational resources to the project. Now, Andy wants to take all key stakeholders onboard with the project charter. Where can Andy find a preliminary list of all key stakeholders?
Select one Mark question

Project charter
Risk register
Stakeholder register
Project management plan

Answer 60

The project has just been approved and all andy has at the moment is the project charter itself. The project charter has a preliminary list of project stakeholders. Andy can use this list as a starting point.

Question 61

Stakeholders are not sure what to do about the multiple failures the project has been experiencing recently. Changes need to be made quickly otherwise the project may be terminated as consistently missing its objectives. What should the project manager do first?
Select one Mark question

1. Consult with the project sponsor due to the urgency and the severity of the situation
2. Recommend terminating the project as its objectives cannot be met
3. Implement the most promising change immediately and transparently
4. Facilitate a discussion amongst the stakeholders on what should be changed

Answer 61

Any changes that may potentially modify a deliverable, baseline, or control document must be reviewed, evaluated, and passed via the Perform Integrated Change Control process. That process is triggered by a change request. No action regarding implementation or reaction to a change can take place until the change need is understood and crafted into a change request. That change request(s) - in whichever format determined or suitable for the project - is then evaluated and decided on according to the organization’s change control process established for the project. Hence, the first action is to facilitate the discussion of the change request and suggestion responses.

Question 62

Procurement statement of work (SOW) is a narrative description of the products or services to be delivered by the vendor. It usually references all the following except:
Select one Mark question

The business case
Work location
Product specifications
Performance requirements

Answer 62

The procurement statement of work (SOW) does not usually reference the business case. The business case may contain cost sensitive information that may not be made available to a wider audience. The rest of the choices are valid components of a procurement statement of work.

Question 63

Jared is in the execution phase of a residential housing construction project. He has been informed of major scope changes from stakeholders in the middle of the project. These changes involve regulatory requirements from local authorities that may affect not only the scope but also the cost and duration of the project. What is the first step that Jared should take in considering these changes?
Select one Mark question

1. Meet with the change control board to solicit some ideas on the new project plan
2. Escalate the scope changes to the sponsor and steering committee for their decision
3. Create a report detailing the impact of scope changes on project parameters such as cost, quality, and schedule
4. Add new tasks to the project plan and assign resources to account for regulatory changes

Answer 63

Any scope changes in a project must go through the integrated change control process to determine the impact on project parameters such as cost, quality and schedule. The changes must then be presented to the change control board for their review. Then, all approved changes must be planned, and resources must be allocated. Therefore, the first step for jared is to create a report detailing the impact of scope changes on project parameters such as cost, quality and schedule.

Question 64

A project manager was assigned to a project when the project charter was in development. Which of the following is an input that the project manager will use to develop the project charter?
Select one Mark question

Project Acceptance Criteria
Project Scope Statement
Make-or-Buy analysis
Organizational Process Assets

Answer 64

When developing the project charter, the project manager can draw on the assets that are part of the organizational process assets. There may be formal or informal policies, procedures, plans, and guidelines whose effects must be considered. Organizational process assets also represent the organization’s learning from previous projects such as completed schedules, risk data, and earned value data. These are invaluable in developing the project charter.

Question 65

The Executive VP of Finance has informed you that you will be the project manager for an energy audit the company is performing in order to save expenses. He has assigned you to identify the stakeholders and to start documenting the high-level assumptions and constraints. Your project is in what stage?
Select one Mark question

Planning
Initiating
Executing
Monitoring and Controlling

Answer 65

Identifying stakeholders, high-level assumptions and constraints are part of developing the project charter, which is a part of the initiating process group.

Question 66

What is a recommended method for controlling change within a project?
Select one Mark question

Allow each project member ultimate control of changes within their realm of the project without a review process.
Have only the project manager able to initiate change.
Have each change approved or rejected through a formal change control process.
Freeze scope and allow absolutely no changes.

Answer 66

The change control procedure varies from project to project. However, every change request must be processed through a formal change control process.

Question 67

Which option is not representative of the inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question

Deliverables, Approved Change Requests, and Project Management Information System
Approved Change Requests, Project Management Plan, and Work Performance Data
PMIS, Project Management Plan, and Deliverables
Approved Change Requests, Validated Changes, and PMIS

Answer 67

Validated changes are not inputs, tools and techniques, or outputs of the direct and manage project work process.

Question 68

What is the difference between the Monitor and Control Project Work process and the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question

There is no such thing as the Monitor and Control Project Work process.
The Monitor and Control Project Work and the Direct and Manage Project Work processes are the same.
The Monitor and Control Project Work process monitors the project performance while the Direct and Manage Project Work process is concerned with performing the activities to accomplish project requirements.
The Monitor and Control Project Work process is a sub-process of the Direct and Manage Project Work process.

Answer 68

The monitor and control project work process monitors the other project processes including the direct and manage project work process, while the direct and manage project work process completes the project scope.

Question 69

Although it is highly recommended that lessons learned are captured and documented throughout the project lifecycle, lessons learned are finalized during project closure. At this stage, responses to high-level questions may be gathered and documented. Which of the following is not an appropriate question to ask at this stage?
Select one Mark question

What were the top significant project successes?
What obstacles or unanticipated circumstances made it difficult to complete the project?
How relevant the historic lessons learned were to this project during execution?
What should have been done differently in this project?

Answer 69

Lessons learned are extremely useful as they can save a lot of rework and mitigate a number of risks on future projects. However, validating the relevance to historic lessons learned to the project being closed do not add any value. [pmi best practice; not explicitly stated in pmbok] [project integration management]

Question 70

A project to design and build a new aircraft is cancelled after the project has been underway for some time. What process is employed to document what work was done and to what extent it was completed?
Select one Mark question

Control Quality
Control Scope
Validate Scope
Close Project or Phase

Answer 70

If the project is terminated early, the close project or phase process should establish and document the level and extent of completion.

Question 71

You are working on an information technology project as a project manager to develop a shopping website for your customers. Some key stakeholders in the project suggested scope changes to improve the website’s look and feel. Your team has analyzed the impact of these changes and presented the analysis to the Change Control Board (CCB) for approval. What should be your next step if the CCB accepts all proposed changes?
Select one Mark question

Review change control board decisions and inform stakeholders for their input
Revise cost estimates, schedule dates, resource requirements, and planning documents
Implement the change request and update stakeholders
Conduct a team status meeting to update the progress on change requests

Answer 71

Approved change requests require changes to cost estimates, resource requirements, schedule dates and activity sequences. You should incorporate these revisions first before asking your team to implement the changes. Stakeholders can be updated after making the changes. Therefore, your first step is revising the estimates and baselines.

Question 72

Change control tool selection should be based on the needs of the project stakeholders, including organizational and environmental considerations and/or constraints. Which of the following is not a key change management consideration while selecting an appropriate change control tool for a project?
Select one Mark question

Documenting the change into a proper change request
Tracking change requests
Identifying and selecting a change item
Configuration item verification and audit

Answer 72

Configuration item verification and audit is related to configuration management instead of change management.

Question 73

The selection of lifecycle for the project, the processes to be applied to each phase, and the results of the tailoring by the project management team are usually found in the:
Select one Mark question

Project scope statement
Project charter
Project management plan
Project schedule

Answer 73

Details of the life cycle, processes selected, and results of tailoring by the project management team are found in the project management plan. This plan integrates and consolidates all the subsidiary management plans from the planning processes.

Question 74

The best practice to gather and document lessons learned is during weekly progress meetings. The agenda can have a lessons-learned brainstorming item at the end of these meetings. You can ask team members to put forward their recommendations, but it is always better to adopt a more structured way to gather lessons learned. Which of the following approaches will ensure you capture important lessons learned on your project?
Select one Mark question

Signing off on the minutes of the meeting
Planning risk responses
Determining estimate to complete
Review of project variances

Answer 74

Signing off minutes of the meeting is a good meeting management technique specially in highly bureaucratic environments. However, this doesn’t help at all in gathering lessons learned. Planning risk responses and determining estimates to complete are forward look-ahead of the project. Lessons learned can be captured through the review of project variances. You review the variances again and focus on how to avoid them in the future. You also identify other tasks or people who are likely to encounter the same issue so it can be avoided.

Question 75

Your company has just been awarded the contract for an important research project. The CEO of your company has asked you, as the project manager, to create the project charter and send it to her so that she can review and approve it. To create the project charter, you need the project’s statement of work (SOW). What should you do?

Select one Mark question

Ask your customer to provide you with the SOW
Look for the SOW in your organizational process assets (OPAs)
Ask your CEO to provide you with the SOW
Create the SOW yourself since you are the project manager

Answer 75

Since your company has been awarded the contract, you would need the project’s procurement SOW agreed upon in the Conduct Procurement process for selecting a seller or in the contract, if there is a signed agreement in place. Among the four answer choices, the best option is to ask the customer for the SOW. Asking the customer (i.e., the buyer) for the SOW ensures you have the version that was approved from the customer’s perspective. In addition, collaborating with the initiating company allows you to have a better understanding of the project purpose, objectives, and expected benefits that will help in crafting the project charter.

Question 76

32 of 11002:09:10
Business value is also defined as the aggregate of all tangible and intangible elements of the business. Which of the following is NOT an example of a tangible business element?
Select one Mark question

Monetary assets
Goodwill
Stockholder equity
Fixtures

Answer 76

Good will is an intangible element, while the rest are considered tangible elements.

Question 77

Which of the following is neither an input to nor an output of the Develop Project Charter process?
Select one Mark question

Expert Judgment
A project charter
A business case
Benefits management plan

Answer 77

A project statement of work and a business case are inputs to the develop project charter process. A project charter is an output of the develop project charter process. Expert judgement is a tool and technique of this process.

Question 78

Due to a tight project schedule, a project manager did not document lessons learned throughout the project cycle. However, at the end of the project, he finally documented the lessons learned. Your comment on this is:
Select one Mark question

This is not OK. Lessons learned must be documented throughout the project as well as at the end of the project.
This is OK. Lessons learned should be documented at the end of the project.
This is not OK. Lessons learned need to be documented throughout the project and must not be done at the project’s end.
This is correct. Lessons learned are intended to be documented only at the project’s end.

Answer 78

Lessons learned should be documented throughout the project cycle. The manage project knowledge process is an executing process that stresses on this requirement.

Question 79

A project charter that formally authorized a project was created. The project charter documented the initial requirements to satisfy stakeholders’ needs and expectations. How often should the project charter be revised?
Select one Mark question

As required by the PMO
At the beginning, middle, and end of a project
Project charter is usually not updated during the course of the project.
Once a month

Answer 79

The project charter is a high-level document that authorizes a project. It documents a broad understanding of the project and does not need to be updated during the course of the project.

Question 80

Laurence is the PMO manager at ANZ Company. The CEO of the company asked Laurence to review the business requirements and develop the current year’s capital management plan. The capital management plan will outline the key business deliverables (capital projects) and will go to the board for final approval. Which of the following organizational artifacts should Laurence review to analyze the business requirements for the current fiscal year?
Select one Mark question

Lessons Learned
Organizational Strategy
Organizational Process Assets
Capital budget for the current year

Answer 80

Capital planning is the process of budgeting resources for the future of an organization’s long term plans. Capital planning for a business would include budgeting for new and replacement machinery, research and development and the production of new products, new plants and other major capital projects. Capital projects can only achieve the organizational goals when they are aligned with the organization’s strategy.

Question 81

A project manager is leading a process improvement project for a factory operation. Currently, the project manager and the team are performing the Monitor and Control Project Work process. Which of the following activities might the project manager and the team conduct during this process?
Select one Mark question

Comparing actual project performance against the project management plan
Gaining formal acceptance of the deliverables by the customer or sponsor
Analyzing change requests and either approving or rejecting them
Implementing approved change requests to achieve the project's objectives

Answer 81

Monitor and Control Project Work is the process of tracking, reviewing, and reporting overall progress to meet the performance objectives defined in the project management plan. Of the available choices, only comparing actual project performance against the project management plan is performed during the Monitor and Control Project Work process.

Question 82

You are developing a project management plan for a project that is part of a program. You have just been informed that a new procedure has been added to the program management plan. The procedure requires that all changes that exceed $10,000 in cost have to be reviewed by the change control board (CCB). What should you do?
Select one Mark question

Add an addendum to the project charter to reflect the new procedure
Nothing; the program management plan and the project management plan are not correlated.
Add the new procedure to the project management plan
Submit a change request to the CCB to add the new procedure to the project management plan

Answer 82

When a project is a part of a program, the project management plan should be consistent with the program management plan. Therefore, the new procedure that requires all changes with a cost impact of $10,000 or higher to be submitted to the CCB for review should also be defined in the project management plans of all projects that are part of the program.

Question 83

Bill is the project manager of an external project for a customer. The project is expected to take about a year to complete. Six months into the project, the customer informs Bill that he or she needs to scrap the project. During which of the following processes would procedures be developed to handle early termination of a project?
Select one Mark question

Develop Project Charter
Monitor Risks
Define Scope
Close Project or Phase

Answer 83

The close project or phase process establishes the procedures to investigate and document the reasons for actions taken if a project is terminated before completion.

Question 84

You are the project manager for GeoThermal Systems. Which of the following must be done FIRST before proceeding with a new project?
Select one Mark question

Create the Project Scope Statement
Stakeholder analysis
Obtain Project Charter approval
Product analysis

Answer 84

When managing a project, you must first ensure that the project charter is signed and approved before proceeding. The project charter is the document that formalizes the project. It gives the project manager the authority to lead the project. The project charter is created first during the initiating process.

Question 85

A summary milestone schedule would normally be part of which document?
Select one Mark question

Project scope statement
Project requirements document
Project charter
Project sign-off document

Answer 85

The summary milestone schedule is normally included as part of the project charter, which documents the business need, understanding of customer’s needs, and other high-level items.

Question 86

Sharing of project information is of utmost importance to the organization. Project knowledge is shared on multiple systems, services, and apps. The array of locations is becoming overwhelming for some of the project team members. What is the best option for the project manager to manage the project knowledge in this situation?
Select one Mark question

Consolidate or streamline sharing processes where possible
Compromise with the team to allow each to post in the tool they find most productive
Close down some of the systems that the project team notes as burdensome
Coordinate a weekly meeting to post all the team's knowledge at once

Answer 86

The scenario surrounds the Manage Project Knowledge process. Managing the vast array of project knowledge is challenging, but important. Often, projects and their organizations use a variety of tools and systems to collect, distribute, and access that knowledge. Juggling the volume of the knowledge and its flow adds to the challenge. Ensuring the project team members and other stakeholders use the tools well enhances the timeliness and accessibility of project information. The project manager and others can and should continuously seek out ways to improve project processes. This includes the managing of project knowledge and the tools. If there are ways to consolidate, streamline, et cetera, then efforts should be made to do so. Ignoring or not following processes does not make the process better, it only makes it worse.

Question 87

Which of these tools and techniques is common to all seven Project Integration Management processes?
Select one Mark question

Data analysis
Meetings
Data gathering
Expert Judgment

Answer 87

All seven processes of project integration management use expert judgment as a tool and technique.

Question 88

Jane is currently reviewing a list of project proposals. All the proposed projects achieve some of the organizational strategic objectives and their expected costs are known. However, Jane cannot execute all the projects due to the funding limitation. How shall Jane determine which projects she needs to execute this year?
Select one Mark question

Select the low-budget projects and drop the high-budget projects
Select the high-budget projects and drop the low-budget projects
Select the projects that maximize the business value
Select the projects that maximize organizational revenue

Answer 88

Project should never be prioritized based on their budgets. Selecting the projects that maximize organizational revenue or selecting the projects that maximize the business value seem good options. However, adding to business value takes precedence over adding the organizational revenue, since there can be projects that add more to the revenue but add less to the business value.

Question 89

You are in the final phase of a low-cost car manufacturing project. This project has successfully delivered a low-cost car that runs on batteries. However, to close this project and avoid auditing from government authorities, it must demonstrably comply with many administrative standards. Since your organization possesses experts who know closing procedures and standards, you want to use them to close this project. This effort is an instance of:
Select one Mark question

Using enterprise environmental factors in closing the project
Poor project management practice
Using organizational process assets in closing the project
Using expert judgment in closing the project

Answer 89

Projects are closed during the close project or phase process. One of the tools which can be used in this process is expert judgment. Expert judgment can be obtained from consultants or industry experts. These experts can help ensure compliance with all project standards when projects are closed. In this scenario, you would want to use experts from your own organization in closing the project.

Question 90

Why are the approved change requests input to the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question

The project team reviews approved change requests during the Direct and Manage Project Work process.
Approved change requests are implemented by the project team during the Direct and Manage Project Work process.
The project team may reject approved change requests during the Direct and Manage Project Work process.
The project team monitors approved change requests during the Direct and Manage Project Work process.

Answer 90

Approved change requests are implemented by the project team during the direct and manage project work process. The other choices are incorrect statements regarding the direct and manage project work process.

Question 91

All the monitoring and controlling processes and many of the executing processes can produce change requests as an output. Change requests may require corrective actions and preventive actions. Which of the following are normally affected by corrective and preventive actions?
Select one Mark question

The project baselines
The performance against baselines
Defect repair
Regressive baselines

Answer 91

Corrective and preventive actions do not normally affect the project baselines, only the performance against the baselines.

Question 92

There is a heavy demand for new houses in your city’s expensive neighborhood. RECON, a construction company, has employed you as a project manager to assess the benefit of building new energy-efficient houses in that neighborhood, even though it takes more expensive technology to build such houses. You have started gathering data to perform a detailed payback analysis to submit a report to your management. Since the full financial impact of building energy-efficient houses is difficult to estimate, you would like to prepare a rough costbenefit analysis and include it with the report. Which of the following describes the effort you are undertaking in this scenario?
Select one Mark question

You are developing a risk management plan to provide as an input to the Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis process.
You are developing a cost management plan to provide as an input to the Estimate Costs process.
You are developing a business case to provide as an input to the Develop Project Charter process.
You are developing a cost-benefit analysis to provide as an input to the Plan Risk Management process.

Answer 92

An organization’s business need may arise due to advances in technology, a demand from the market or a legal requirement. The business need and cost-benefit analysis are documented in a business case. A business case determines whether the project is worth the investment. Payback analysis is also part of a business case. The business case and other documents are used as an input to the develop project charter process. Hence, you are making efforts to build a business case to input to the develop project charter process.

Question 93

Which of the following would not be considered an Enterprise Environmental Factor during the Develop Project Charter process?
Select one Mark question

Scope Statement
Organizational infrastructure
Marketplace conditions
Governmental standards

Answer 93

The scope statement is clearly not an enterprise environmental factor, whereas the other three choices—governmental standards, organizational infrastructure, and marketplace conditions—are enterprise environmental factors.

Question 94

Which of the following is an output from the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question

Work performance data
Project charter
Budgeted costs
Execution plan

Answer 94

The direct and manage project work process involves the management of the direction of the planned project activities. Work performance data is routinely collected as part of this process.

Question 95

Nancy is carrying out cost-benefit analysis for a project. If undertaken, the project will start in January next year and end by December. The project will incur a constant cost of $10,000 each month (payable by the end of each month) giving a total cost of $120,000 for the project. The revenue from the project is collected on a quarterly basis. The total revenue for the project by the end of December will be $200,000. The opportunity cost of the project is 12 percent which is the bank interest rate Nancy can get if she does not invest in this project. The total present value of all cash outflows is $112,551, while the total present value of all cash inflow is $185,721. What is the benefit-to-cost ratio for the project?
Select one Mark question

0. 6
1. 65
1. 67
0. 61

Answer 95

Benefit-to-Cost Ratio (BCR) = PV of Inflows / PV of Outflows = 1.65 the gross BCR can also be calculated as total Revenue / Total cost. However, since the total Present Value of both the inflow and outflow is given, this must be used for a more accurate calculation.

Question 96

Which of the following is not an example of data that may be presented in a performance report?
Select one Mark question

Quality metrics
Earned value
Project charter
Schedule variance

Answer 96

The project charter is not a valid response. The other choices are data that can be presented in a work performance report.

Question 97

The purpose of lessons learned is to bring together any insights gained during a project that can be usefully applied on future projects. When should a project manager ideally commence this activity?
Select one Mark question

During the project closure
At the start of project planning
From project kickoff meeting
At the start of project execution

Answer 97

Manage project knowledge is the process of using existing knowledge and creating new knowledge to achieve the project’s objectives and contribute to organizational learning. This process is performed throughout the project.

Question 98

You have just returned from the weekly change control board meeting at which you presented the requested changes to the employee move project. You had five change requests approved and one request rejected. These are outputs of what process?
Select one Mark question

Control Scope
Monitor Risks
Perform Integrated Change Control
Control Quality

Answer 98

Approved and rejected change requests are outputs of the perform integrated change control process.

Question 99

Debbie, an IT project manager, is in the planning phase of a shopping website development project. A junior project manager, who has worked under her authority, started developing procedures for maintaining the integrity of cost and schedule performance baselines in the project. Where should the junior project manager store these procedures?
Select one Mark question

In the project communications management plan
In the project resource management plan
In the project scope statement
In the project management plan

Answer 99

The baselines change only when a change request is generated. A project management plan documents the procedures for making changes to performance baselines. These baselines include scope, cost and schedule baselines. Therefore, the junior project manager must store these procedures in the project management plan.

Question 100

You are planning a storage device migration in a data center. During this phase of the project, who should control the project?
Select one Mark question

Sponsor
Management
SMEs
Project Manager

Answer 100

Once the project manager is assigned to the project, he should be in control. However, it is the sponsor who ultimately has the responsibility of ensuring that the project is completed successfully.

Question 101

Once the project manager is assigned to the project, he should be in control. However, it is the sponsor who ultimately has the responsibility of ensuring that the project is completed successfully.The Project Charter defines the high level scope and objectives of a project. Which of the following is not a correct statement about inputs to the Project Charter?
Select one Mark question

Organizational process assets are input to the Develop Project Charter process.
The project's business case is an input to the Develop Project Charter process.
When projects are executed for external customers, a contract or an agreement is used as an input to the charter.
Government or industry standards cannot be used as an input to develop a project charter.

Answer 101

Government or industry standards are part of enterprise environmental factors and are used as inputs to the develop project charter process.

Question 102

A project manager was involved in preparation of the project charter for an external project. One of the inputs to the project charter was a statement of work (SOW). The SOW may have been received from the customer as part of any of the following except:
Select one Mark question

As part of the business case
As part of a contract
As part of a request for information
As part of a request for proposal

Answer 102

The statement of work (SOW) is a narrative description of products or services to be delivered by the project. For an external project, the sow may be received as part of a bid document such as the request for proposal, request for information, request for bid or as part of a contract. It is usually not part of the business case.

Question 103

The project management team has determined that there are some changes to the scope of the project. According to the PMBOK, who is responsible for reviewing, evaluating, and approving documented changes to the project?
Select one Mark question

Scope Control Board (SCB)
Configuration Control Board (CCB)
Change Control Board (CCB)
Change Configuration Board (CCB)

Answer 103

The change control board is a group of formally constituted stakeholders responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying or rejecting changes to the project.

Question 104

A business is considering more than a dozen infrastructure upgrade projects. These projects, once delivered, will add to the organization’s overall performance but will not contribute to any of the revenue streams. Prior to initiating any such project, the value of the project to the organization must be determined. Which of the following is the most important factor to consider in such a scenario?
Select one Mark question

Net Present Value (NPV) of the projects
Investment requirement
Alignment with the strategic goals
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of the projects

Answer 104

Projects help in achieving organizational goals whey they are aligned with the organization’s strategy. If the projects are misaligned with the organizational strategic goals, they are most likely to produce undesirable results either in the short-term or the long-term. Npv and irr calculations are great measures, however, these are not applicable since these projects will not contribute to any of the revenue streams. Investment requirement is important but is useless on the projects that are not aligned with the strategic goals of the organization.

Question 105

Which process is concerned with providing forecasts to update current cost information?
Select one Mark question

Direct and Manage Project Work
Monitor and Control Project Work
Close Project or Phase
Project Management Information System

Answer 105

During the monitor and control project work process, work performance data is gathered and passed to the controlling processes. The monitor and control project work process is responsible for keeping track of the all project’s measures, including cost.

Question 106

A senior project manager advises a first-time project manager that identifying risks is just one step. On a continuing basis, new risks need to be identified, and existing risks need to be analyzed and tracked, and their status reported. All this is done as part of what process?
Select one Mark question

Direct and Manage Project Work
Plan Risk Management
Perform Integrated Change Control
Monitor and Control Project Work

Answer 106

Identifying new risks and analyzing, tracking, and monitoring existing project risks are done in the monitor and control project work process. This process also makes sure that the status of the risks is properly reported, and appropriate risk response plans are executed.

Question 107

Projects are often started as a result of an external factor such as market demand for a new product, a new legislative or regulatory mandate, or a change in technology. This results in the creation of ______ by an entity or organization external to the project.
Select one Mark question

The WBS
The RACI chart
The project budget
The project charter

Answer 107

A project initiator or sponsor external to the project, at a level that is appropriate to funding the project, issues the project charter in response to some sort of stimulus.

Question 108

To reduce delivery delays and process downtime, your organization has recognized a need to replace their legacy manufacturing system with a modern software application. Your IT director anticipates a project to fulfill this business need; however, he warns that the new project’s budget cannot exceed $75,000 due to shortages in the department budget. He also indicates that no additional staff will be allocated to this project other than the existing IT staff. If you become the project manager, you would document these initial project conditions as:
Select one Mark question

Project assumptions
Enterprise environmental factors
Project constraints
Business case

Answer 108

A project constraint is a limiting factor that affects the execution of the project. Budget and staffing restrictions in this case are examples of project constraints.

Question 109

Few project managers collect lessons-learned information throughout the project’s life. Most tackle this in the final days of the project or, worse, after the project is complete. What is the negative consequence of this approach?
Select one Mark question

It might result in further expenses on the project.
It makes compiling and obtaining project information difficult.
It requires hiring a specialist to do the job.
The project’s NPV becomes zero.

Answer 109

When lessons-learned gathering and documentation is postponed till the very end, the project manager must scramble for bits and pieces of project history to compile into a lessons-learned document. Often, because the project is in closeout, the project manager has only a few team members remaining, which makes compiling and obtaining project information from the remaining few resources difficult.

Question 110

Which of the following statements correctly define the 100 percent rule for WBS?
Select one Mark question
The project is only considered complete once all requirements in the last approved scope baseline have been completed.
The final deliverables should fully conform to product requirements; nothing less, nothing more.
The total of the work at the work package level should roll up to the higher levels so that nothing is left out and no extra work is performed.
The project is only considered complete once all requirements defined in the original scope statements have been completed.

Answer 110

The WBS represents all product and project work, including the project management work. The total of the work at the lowest levels should roll up to the higher levels so that nothing is left out and no extra work is performed. This is called the 100 percent rule.

Question 111

You are having your project team members record the time they spend on different activities during the day, such as programming, electrical, HVAC, etc. This is an example of a tool and technique in what process?
Select one Mark question
	Manage Team
	Direct and Manage Project Work
	Manage Communications
	Monitor and Control Project Work

Answer 111

The monitor and control project work process tracks and reviews the project’s progress.

Question 112

A project post-mortem is an activity, usually performed at the project’s conclusion, to determine and analyze a project’s outcome which also includes a lessons-learned gathering exercise. Project post-mortems help to mitigate future risks and are often a key component of, and ongoing precursor to, effective risk management. Which of the following is a terrible mistake when collecting lessons learned?
Select one Mark question

Calculating project’s final statistics
Conducting a comprehensive performance review
Documenting both the success stories and the failed attempts
Focusing purely on the negatives and analyzing failures

Answer 112

Documenting both the success stories and the failed attempts are important as these can be very important inputs for future projects. Only focusing on the negatives and analyzing failures will paint half of the picture. The best practice is to ask “what went right” when asking “what went wrong?”

Question 113

You manage an airport construction project. Since sophisticated technology and systems are involved, your project procurements require significant lead times. Your procurement specialist has recently proposed a new procurements management process that will significantly reduce these lead times and result in cost savings for the project. Besides implementing this new process, what else should you do?
Select one Mark question
Resell your current inventory at the purchase price
Update the lessons-learned database
Do not include the over-processing costs
Shut down the project warehouse

Answer 113

Sharing lessons learned information on mistakes, innovations and outcomes from projects can have a positive impact on your next project. The procurement specialist came up with a cost- and time-saving technique and this will prove to be valuable for future projects.

Question 114

A project can be authorized by any of the following except:
Select one Mark question

The portfolio steering committee
The project manager
The sponsor
The PMO

Answer 114

Projects are authorized by someone external to the project such as a project sponsor, project management office (pmo), or portfolio steering committee. A project manager does not authorize the project.

Question 115

Once the project charter is authorized, it is the project manager’s duty to distribute the charter to all key stakeholders and ensure common understanding of the key deliverables, milestones, and their roles and responsibilities. During which of the following processes is the project charter distributed to the project stakeholders?
Select one Mark question
	Manage Stakeholder Engagement
	Manage Communications
	Develop Project Charter
	Direct and Manage Project Work

Answer 115

Although the manage communications and manage stakeholder engagement are processes involving stakeholder communication, these processes are from the executing process group. Project charter is developed during the project initiating and must be communicated to all key stakeholders as soon as it is authorized. The develop project charter process produces the project charter and this output must be shared with the stakeholders at the end of this process.

Question 116

A project manager must stress the importance of collecting and documenting lessons learned through the project lifecycle. One good way to collect this information is during weekly status meetings. Usually, weekly status meetings, if not managed properly, end up in firefighting since most of the time, attention goes to the burning issues. How can you ensure that the lessons-learned gathering does not get missed in such a situation?
Select one Mark question
Record the minutes of the meeting.
Add a lessons-learned agenda item.
Replace status update meetings with one-on-one meetings with the team members.
Do not discuss burning issues in weekly status meetings.

Answer 116

A good approach is to add a lessons-learned agenda item to the meeting. As the meeting progresses to the point where you’re ready to collect lessons-learned information, ask each team member about his or her positive and negative experiences for the week. Don’t mention the words “Lessons Learned” to them; just capture what went right and wrong from every team member. Do your best to prevent this part of the meeting from devolving into a complaint session. [pmi best practice; not explicitly stated in pmbok] [project integration management]

Question 117

Who is primarily responsible for the dissemination of the approved project charter and for ensuring that all key stakeholders have a common understanding of the project’s key deliverables and milestones?
Select one Mark question
	Project team
	Project client
	Project manager
	Project sponsor

Answer 117

The project manager is responsible for the dissemination of the approved project charter. Although, during the development of the project charter, the participation of the project manager is recommended, once the project charter is approved, it is the project manager’s responsibility to distribute it to the key stakeholders and ensure common understanding. This is also mentioned in the pmp examination content outline as one of the project manager’s task during project initiation. [pmi best practice; not explicitly stated in pmbok] [project integration management]

Question 118

A good project manager always gathers and documents lessons learned throughout the project lifecycle rather than delaying the effort until the project closure. Which of the following is not a risk associated with postponing the lessons-learned gathering effort until the very end of the project?
Select one Mark question
The project manager has fewer resources available.
The project’s earned value decreases.
The effort might seem boring and non-value-adding.
Not all lessons learned might get captured.

Answer 118

The risk of delaying the lessons learned gathering exercise till the very end of the project is that the gathered information might not be complete because the project manager will not have the whole team available rather than those working on the closing phase. Further, this exercise might seem boring and bureaucratic effort.

Question 119

You are a consulting project manager and an investment bank has a contract with you to run a large information technology project that is expected to last 15 months. During the Direct and Manage Project Work process, you discover that several regulatory requirements were addressed in the project management plan but missed from the scope statement. Failure to meet these requirements could result in legal action against the company. However, implementing the technology to comply with these regulations could exceed the budget and scope of the project and result in the cancellation of the project. What should you do?
Select one Mark question
Submit a change request to incorporate the missed requirements in the project’s scope.
Do not do anything as these requirements are not a part of the scope baseline.
This is a classic example of scope creep and such requirements must be ignored.
Request additional funds to implement these requirements.

Answer 119

All regulatory requirements must be met. Doing nothing or considering this a scope creep are not valid options. You would have to request additional funds, but first you need to submit a change request for approval. A change request can be submitted as a part of the direct and manage project work process.

Question 120

The Close Project or Phase process is not performed when:
Select one Mark question
	Closing project phases
	Reactivating projects
	Closing projects
	Cancelling projects

Answer 120

The close project or phase process allows the project manager to close or finish a specific phase of the project.

Question 121

Close Project or Phase is the process of completing and concluding all activities across all process groups to officially close the project. Which of the following activities is not performed during this process?
Select one Mark question
Actions required to transfer completed products to operations
Actions required to accept the deliverables
Actions required to audit project success or failure
Actions required to archive project information

Answer 121

Actions required to transfer completed products to operations, actions required to archive project information, and actions required to audit project success or failure are carried out in the close project or phase process. However, actions required to accept the completed deliverables are executed in the validate scope process. The completed deliverables are then transferred to the close project or phase process. Therefore, actions required to accept the deliverables are not done in the close project or phase process

Question 122

The business case to justify a project typically contains:
Select one Mark question
	The project's BAC and ETC
	Variance Analysis
	Project WBS
	Identification of alternatives

Answer 122

The business case for any project includes the analysis of the situation, recommended solution and identification of alternative solutions.

Question 123

The list of identified risks is found in the risk register. However, the overall high-level project risks is first listed in the:
Select one Mark question
	Risk management plan
	Scope statement
	Project charter
	Requirement document

Answer 123

The project charter is a document that authorizes the project. Along with details such as the purpose of the project, project objectives, highlevel requirements, etc., it also lists the overall project risks.

Question 124

A project manager is performing a set of processes in the Initiating Process Group. Which of the following is likely to be part of the Initiating Process Group?
Select one Mark question
	Develop Project Management Plan
	Plan Quality Management
	Define Scope
	Develop Project Charter

Answer 124

The initiating process group consists of those processes performed to define a new project or phase. The develop project charter process is part of this group, and it creates the project charter that formally authorizes a project or a phase. The other choices listed are part of the planning process group.

Question 125

You took over a project from an individual who was fired. You are reading the project documentation and find that five managers signed the project charter. What should be your primary concern at this time?
Select one Mark question
Determining reporting structure
Communicating in a matrix organization
Identifying who can represent the project for change control
Getting a single sponsor

Answer 125

A charter should be issued, signed and updated by the project sponsor. Your immediate concern should be to find a single sponsor for the project. Note, though, that the sponsor can be either a person or a group.

Question 126

During the Control Scope process, analysis of the scope performance resulted in a change request to the scope baseline. This change request will be processed for review and disposition in the:
Select one Mark question
	Monitor and Control Project Work
	Control Quality
	Validate Scope
	Perform Integrated Change Control

Answer 126

Analysis of scope performance is done as part of the control scope phase. Determining the cause and degree of variance relative to the scope baseline is an important aspect of this activity (called variance analysis). Change requests that result from this activity are processed in the perform integrated change control phase.

Question 127

A project manager calls you in as a consultant to provide input on developing the Project Charter. According to the PMBOK, your contribution to the project could best be termed as:
Select one Mark question
	Expert Consultancy
	Charter Consultant
	Professional Consultant
	Expert Judgment

Answer 127

Expert judgment is judgment provided, based on expertise in an application area, a knowledge area, a discipline, an industry, etc. Expert judgment is available from many sources including consultants.

Question 128

Andrew is a project management guru hired by a retail giant in your country. Andrew finds out there is a wide array of projects that need to be managed from a central PMO; from a number of small projects to large initiatives requiring long-term roadmaps to manage the development of these programs. What project management approach should be recommended for such projects?
Select one Mark question
Setting up PMOs for such a wide range of projects is not recommended.
An adaptive approach may need to be adopted.
A predictive approach may need to be adopted.
A predictive approach, adaptive approach, or a hybrid of both, may need to be adopted.

Answer 128

In large organizations, there may be a mixture of small projects and large initiatives requiring long-term commitments to manage these programs using scaling factors (e.g. Team size, geographical distribution, regulatory compliance, organizational complexity, and technical complexity). To address the full delivery life cycle, a range of techniques utilizing a predictive approach, adaptive approach, or a hybrid of both, may need to be adopted.

Question 129

Which of the following is not an input to the Develop Project Charter process?
Select one Mark question
	Agreements
	Business Case
	Benefits management plan
	Stakeholder register

Answer 129

The stakeholder register is not an input to the develop project charter process.

Question 130

A fellow project manager is retiring and moving to the mountains; you will take over his project. Before he leaves, he tells you the project is on schedule but only because he “put the hammer down” on his project team and pushed them relentlessly. Pushing the team to perform activities to accomplish project objectives is a part of:
Select one Mark question
	Monitor and Control Project Work
	Control Scope
	Control Quality
	Direct and Manage Project Work

Answer 130

Performing activities to accomplish project activities is one of the goals of the direct and manage project work process.

Question 131

You are beginning a new project. When should you use the Perform Integrated Change Control process?
Select one Mark question
Only after the project scope is clearly defined
Only after the project is completely funded
Throughout the entire project
Only when closing out the project

Answer 131

Changes can occur in the project at any time. The perform integrated change control process is valuable for managing and tracking those changes.

Question 132

Your team has built an exotic sports car for a wealthy client. The project team verified every deliverable against the quality requirements, and the client accepted. Now the project manager is arranging for the car delivery. This is part of which process group?
Select one Mark question
	Monitoring and Controlling
	Execution
	Closing
	Planning

Answer 132

It must be noted that the car has been built, and the control quality and validate scope processes have been performed for every deliverable. The question is asking about product delivery, which occurs during the closing process.

Question 133

During a project's review, an executive states the project manager failed to forecast future outcomes based on past results, review how other projects addressed the similar issues, and analyze alternative solutions to issues. What has the project manager most likely overlooked with his intuitive manner of running the project?
Select one Mark question
	Utilizing trend analysis
	Performing alternatives analysis
	Using analytical techniques
	Conducting document analysis

Answer 133

Analytical techniques are used to evaluate, analyze, or forecast potential outcomes based on possible variations of a project or environmental variables and their relationships with other variables. In this scenario, the executive is describing various analytical techniques which the project manager has overlooked, including trend analysis, document analysis, and alternatives analysis. Running projects intuitively, without objective data and comparisons, is problematic and may ultimately lead to the failure of the project. Data is objective, and the executive is noticing that objective data is missing from the project. The incorrect answer choices each address one, but not all, of the executive’s concerns. Analytical techniques provide the most comprehensive answer to the question asked, making it the best response

Question 134

The sponsor of a project created a document that included the business need and the cost-benefit analysis. What would this document be termed as?
Select one Mark question

The project management plan
The business case
The project statement of work
The contract

Answer 134

The business case usually provides information from a business standpoint so that any investment in the project can be justified. Typically it would contain both the business need as well as the costbenefit analysis. The business case is an input to the develop project charter process.

Question 135

Which of the following is not an example of a work performance report?
Select one Mark question
	Status report
	Progress report
	Project charter
	Project dashboard

Answer 135

The project charter is a high-level document that authorizes a project. It is not a work performance report. The other choices are valid examples of work performance reports.

Question 136

You have presented a unique and verifiable product to your customers for their approval. Approval of this product may allow you to move on to your next phase. This unique and verifiable product is also known as:
Select one Mark question
	A plan
	A project
	A portfolio
	A deliverable

Answer 136

A unique and verifiable product produced in each phase or at the end of the project is known as a deliverable.

Question 137

As a project manager, you are in the process of establishing a knowledge management system for your project. Which of the following actions will be the least beneficial in this process?
Select one Mark question
Reading the requirements documentation
An examination of the resource breakdown structure
Studying the project team assignments
A review of the lesson learned register

Answer 137

Central to knowledge management is having the right processes and people with the right knowledge. Having documents that identify the people and their capabilities are essential to identifying current knowledge and the gaps that may exist. Keep in mind that the question is asking for the document that will be ‘least’ beneficial in this process. The requirements documentation provides a description of how individual requirements meet the business need for the project. Requirements documents do not identify the people or processes needed, whereas the other options, namely the lessons learned register, the resource breakdown structure and project team assignments are useful in determining what is required for a knowledge management system. Therefore, of the available choices, reading the requirements documentation would be the least beneficial for establishing a knowledge management system for the project and is, therefore, the best answer to the question asked.

Question 138

Which of the following is not an activity related to the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question
Implementing approved changes
Creating project deliverables to meet the planned project work
Performing activities to accomplish project objectives
Inspecting the project deliverables for completeness

Answer 138

Inspections of deliverables are part of the validate scope process. The other choices are activities relating to the direct and manage project work process.

Question 139

Which of the following is neither an input nor an output of the Direct and Manage Project Work process?
Select one Mark question
	Approved deliverables
	Change requests
	Approved change requests
	Deliverables

Answer 139

Approved deliverables are neither an input nor an output of the direct and manage project work process. Approved or accepted deliverables are outputs of the validate scope process and are the inputs of the close project or phase process.

Question 140

The project manager of a large construction project is responsible for ensuring that all changes to the building plans are approved and tracked before they are implemented. These activities form part of which process?
Select one Mark question
	Perform Integrated change control
	Perform Configuration Management
	Validate Scope
	Control Quality

Answer 140

Integrated change control includes maintaining the integrity of baselines by releasing only approved changes for incorporation into project products or services and by maintaining their related configuration and planning documentation.

Question 141

All of the following are components of an effective change control process, except:
Select one Mark question
	Expert judgment
	Meetings
	Change control tools
	Variance analysis

Answer 141

Variance analysis is not a tool and technique of the perform integrated change control process. The other choices are valid tools and techniques of this process.

Question 142

The project you have been managing for several years is now moving towards completion. Some of the project deliverables have been contracted to vendors. You begin to close the project and want to make sure all activities necessary for project closure are properly completed. Which of the following activities would you not perform as part of this process?
Select one Mark question
Reviewing the project exit criteria
Closing procurements with vendors
Ensuring all costs are charged to the project
Measuring stakeholders’ satisfaction

Answer 142

The question implies you have begun the Close Project or Phase process. Close Project or Phase is the process of finalizing all activities for the project or phase. The planned work is completed, the project information is archived, and the resources are reallocated. When closing the project, you will review the project management plan to ensure all project work is completed and that the project has met its objectives. The administrative, financial, and legal closure is performed as part of this process. All answer choices except closing procurements with vendors represent activities performed during project closure. Individual contracts, or procurements, are closed as part of the Control Procurements process producing an output of closed procurements. Closed procurements then serve as an input to the Close Project or Phase process. Therefore, since closing procurements with vendors is not an activity carried out during project closure, of the choices provided, closing procurements with vendors is the best answer to the question asked.

Question 143

Which of the following processes gives the project management team insights into the health of the project?
Select one Mark question

Perform Integrated Change Control
Monitor and Control Project Work
Develop Project Management Plan
Determine Budget

Answer 143

It must be a process from the monitoring and controlling process group. The correct response is monitor and control project work. This is the process for collecting, measuring, and disseminating performance information and for assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvements. Monitoring includes status reporting, progress measurement, and forecasting.

Question 144

Julia is managing a software development project. Recently, an unexpected event delayed the project by 15 days. Julia has called a team meeting to identify measures to take to bring the project back on schedule. A measure that is taken to bring future results back in line with the project plan is best described as?
Select one Mark question
	Corrective action
	Defect repair
	Change request
	Preventive action

Answer 144

A corrective action is anything that needs to be done to bring the project back on track. Care must be taken not to confuse corrective action with preventive action. Corrective action is taken to correct the results of a non-conformance event that happened in the past. Whereas, preventive action is taken to avoid or mitigate any potential nonconformance event that may occur in the future.

Question 145

The project is nearing its end. The executives are anxious to assign the project manager to other projects. However, before moving on, the project manager has to deliver the final product to the customer. What should the project manager do first?
Select one Mark question
Reassign resources to other projects
Obtain stakeholder approval
Present a list of quality concerns to the customer
Close the project

Answer 145

The scenario implies the project is in its closing stage. Prior to delivering the final product deliverables to the customer, formal acceptance of all relevant stakeholders must be obtained based on the project scope, quality standards, and acceptance criteria. With stakeholder confirmation, then the project can confidently deliver the final product to the customer.

Question 146

You have managed a federal highway construction project, which is intended to improve transportation between north and south regions of the country. In the execution phase, you received many complaints from stakeholders, including the highway transportation agency. At least half these complaints were regarding the quality of the micro texture of the road, and the nonconformance to the quality levels incorporated in the project quality management plan. So far, you have successfully fixed all the reported issues, but you are concerned by this recurrent event. What should you do to avoid future similar issues?
Select one Mark question
Initiate a change request to update the project quality management plan
Initiate a corrective action to bring the future quality of the road in line with the project management plan
Initiate a defect repair to repair the road or completely pave a new road
Initiate a preventive action to reduce the probability of negative consequences associated with the poor quality of the road

Answer 146

There is no need to update the quality management plan since the problem is with the workmanship and not with the quality management plan. The scenario is asking for an action that will ensure future compliance, i.e. A preventive action. Note that since all of the reported defects have been fixed, there is no need for any corrective action or defect repair at this stage.

Question 147

The project manager controls the interfacing and overlapping areas of the organization’s procurement processes, along with the project schedule, with processes from this area:
Select one Mark question

Project Risk Management
Project Resource Management
Project Scope Management
Project Integration Management

Answer 147

Project integration management includes the processes and activities needed to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the project management process groups.

Question 148

Which of the following processes deals with maintaining the integrity of baselines by releasing only approved changes for incorporation into the project management plan?
Select one Mark question
	Perform Integrated Change Control
	Monitor and Control Project Work
	Develop Project Management Plan
	Direct and Manage Project Work

Answer 148

Maintaining the integrity of baselines is done in the perform integrated change control process. This process is conducted from project inception through project completion.

Question 149

During the weekly change control board meeting, you invited the facilities manager to speak about the change request to increase the BTUs of the air conditioning system in the new data center. This is an example of what type of tool and technique in the Perform Integrated Change Control process?
Select one Mark question
	Expert Judgment
	Variance Analysis
	Project Management Information System
	Project Management Methodology

Answer 149

The facilities manager would be considered an expert on the A/C system; thus, this is an example of expert judgment.

Question 150

You are employed by a software development company as a project manager. Your company has a policy that a change control board (CCB) reviews all of the change requests for every project in your organization, and the CCB follows all the recommended activities outlined in the PMBOK® Guide. You and your project team do not serve as members of the CCB. Based on this scenario, which of the following activities might be performed by members of the CCB?
Select one Mark question
Implementing approved change requests to achieve the project’s objectives
Creating a change request
Evaluating changes to project artifacts not specified in the configuration management plan
Monitoring implementation of approved change requests as they occur

Answer 150

The change control board (CCB) is a formally chartered group responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, deferring, or rejecting change requests. The CCB can include project stakeholders, and a change may be requested by any stakeholder involved with the project. Therefore, it is possible for a member of the CCB to create and submit a change request.

Question 151

If an investment in a project returns 15 percent annually, how much should you invest to get $5 million by the end of the fifth year?
Select one Mark question
	2857143
	2685292
	2485884
	2501376

Answer 151

Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^(Period) = 5,000,000 / (1 + 15%)^5 = 2,485,884

Question 152

A collection of formally documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled, changed, and approved is:
Select one Mark question
	A change control board
	An authorization system
	A change control system
	Project documentation

Answer 152

A collection of formally documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled, changed and approved is called a change control system. This is a subsystem of the configuration management system.

Question 153

A project manager prepared a presentation that included data on the project’s use of resources, improvements in staff efficiency, and the cost savings. These activities are part of what process?
Select one Mark question
	Monitor and Control Project Work
	Manage Stakeholder Engagement
	Control Quality
	Control Schedule

Answer 153

Activities such as project performance analysis and tracking are done as part of the monitor and control project work process. This process involves tracking, reviewing and reporting progress to meet performance objectives.

Question 154

You are working as the project manager on a mega-construction project. You need to prepare a quarterly report for the project investors. You need to collect work performance data and convert that into work performance information. Which of the following processes produces work performance data?
Select one Mark question
	Direct and Manage Project Work
	Manage Communications
	Control Costs
	Control Schedule

Answer 154

Although the scenario of the question is broad, the question specifically asks about the process which produces work performance data. In other words, what is being asked is “Work Performance Data” is output of which of the given processes. The correct answer is direct & manage project work process.