Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BICH 411 > Integrative Metabolism Slides > Flashcards

Integrative Metabolism Slides Flashcards

1
Q

urine is comprised of

A

urea ammonia and uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are important compounds that lie at crossroads of major metabolic pathways

A

pyruvate
acetyl CoA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F Liver is the only major tissue that can carry out all of the pathways we have studied ( FA biosyn, Box, Glycol, GNG, AA, TCA, Glycogen synth & Degradation)

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the major energy source of the brain and what is under and extended fasting state?

A

Glucose
Ketone Bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what energy sources can the muscles utilize

A

Glucose
FA
Ketone Bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

function of phosphocreatine

A

stores high energy phosphate for quick ATP formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fatty acids are what organs fuel of choice when at rest

A

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

during workout what is the major source of energy of the heart

A

Ketone Bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

function of adipose tissue

A

store and release FA

secrete hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fatty acids for storage come from

A

lipoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TAGs are hydrolyzed by

A

hormone-sensitive lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

if glycerol 3P is in short supply what can happen

A

free FAs can be released in the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

if you have high levels of glucagon (low blood glucose) or high levels of epi what does this activate in terms of TAG mobilization

A

activates receptors in liver and adipose

cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

if you have high levels of cAMP describe what is activated and decreased

A

activates protein kinases
decreases lipid synthesis
activates hormone sensitive lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F TAG–> FA + Glycerol –> FA sent to liver

A

F, it is Glycerol that is sent to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

all nutrients absorbed by small intestines passes through portal vein to the liver except?

A

FAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Major role of the liver is

A

to act as blood glucose buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how does liver act as blood glucose buffer

A

takes up glucose from blood stream after meal

OR

supplies bloodstream with glucose when its low

19
Q

what lipoproteins contain ApoC-II which activates lipoprotein lipase

A

Chylomicrons
VLDL
IDL

20
Q

under low energy demands in the Liver FAs are converted to

A

TAGs and VLDL

21
Q

Liver can synthesize and degrade

A

TAG

22
Q

What can the liver produce

A

glucose
Ketone bodies

23
Q

why cant the liver utilize Ketone Bodies

A

lacks 3-ketoacylCoA-trasnferase

24
Q

under high metabolic demands what is the major energy source in the liver and what pathways are activated in the liver

A

FAs

GNG and KB synthesis

25
Q

what do amino acids serve as a source for ( 3 things , in the liver )

A

carbon skeletons for energy production

conversion to glucose (glucogenic AA)

conversion to KB ( ketogenic AA)

26
Q

T/F AA are used for energy after a meal in the liver

A

T

27
Q

what is the organ whos main role is filtration

A

Kidneys

28
Q

define filtration

A

remove wastes while recovering metabolites

29
Q

what is the kidneys 3 major roles

A
  1. Buffer (pH)
  2. Nitrogen Metabolism
  3. Solubilization for excretion
30
Q

release of insulin from the pancreas is trigger by

A

glucose

31
Q

insulin promotes fuel storage where

A

in muscle and adipocytes

32
Q

what hormone receptors are found in adipocytes

A

Glucagon
Insulin
Epinephrine

33
Q

what hormone receptros are found in liver

A

glucagon
epinephrine
insulin

34
Q

what hormone receptors are found in liver

A

insulin
epi
glucagon

35
Q

what lacks a glucagon receptor

A

muscles

36
Q

high levels of glucagon activate what pathway in the liver ? what about adipocytes?

A

Glycogenolysis in liver

FA breakdown via hormone-sens lipase

37
Q

high levels of insuline activate what pathway in muscle, adipocytes, and liver

A

Glycogenesis in muscle
lipogenesis
glycogenesis in liver

38
Q

high levels of Epi activate what pathway in muscle, adipocytes, adn liver

A

Glycogenolysis
Lipolysis
glycogenolysis & GNG in liver

39
Q

what hormones can adipocytes produce

A

Adiponectin
Leptin

40
Q

where can apiponectin bind

A

liver and muscle cells

41
Q

what is the effect of high levels of AMPK

A

increase insulin sensitivity

42
Q

what is the satiety hormone?

A

leptin

43
Q

what hormone is the appetite stimulator (hungry) and what is the appetite suppressor (full)

A

Ghrelin
Leptin

BICH 411 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions