Integumentary - Exam 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Integumentary - Exam 2 Deck (38)
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1
Q

epidermis characteristics

A

stratified, keratinized, squamous, avascular, 5 layers

2
Q

epidermis consists of what kinds of cells

A

keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, & Merkel cells

3
Q

melanocytes composition & function

A

pigment: melanin, protects from UV

4
Q

Langerhans cells function

A

immune response: attracting & phagocytosing microbes, present antigens to T lymphocytes

5
Q

Merkel cells responsible for

A

sensation of touch

6
Q

stratum basale function

A

“germinativum”; cells capable of division

7
Q

stratum spinosum function

A

“prickle cell layer”; strength & flexibility

8
Q

stratum granulosum function

A

“granular layer”; apoptosis, keratin, Odland’s bodies

9
Q

Odland’s bodies produce

A

lipid to help cells stick together

10
Q

stratum lucidum function & places found

A

waterproofing; fingertips, palms, soles

11
Q

stratum corneum goes through

A

shedding continuously; singly or in clumps (squamae)

12
Q

dermis characteristics

A

lymph vessels, nerve endings, hair, glands, 2 layers, collagen, elastin, blood vessels, nails

13
Q

dermis function

A

provide nutrients & physical support to epidermis

14
Q

how is a blister formed

A

separation of dermis & epidermis, fluid accumulation due to friction

15
Q

reticular layer consists of

A

collagen & elastic fibers

16
Q

papillary layer consists of

A

nerves & capillaries

17
Q

collagen function

A

prevents tearing, thick

18
Q

elastin function

A

allows elasticity; made of fibroblasts, thin

19
Q

eccrine gland function & places found

A

thermoregulation through sweat; forehead, palms, soles

20
Q

apocrine gland function & places found

A

sex hormones during puberty -> viscous sweat that produces odor; groin, areolae, beards

21
Q

sebaceous gland function & places found

A

secrete sebum to protect hairs from drying; hair follicles, face, neck, back

22
Q

overproduction of sebum creates

A

comedones (black/whiteheads)

23
Q

ceruminous gland function

A

produce waxy, lubricating secretion for external ear

24
Q

cerumen function

A

waterproofing & foreign body protection via sticky barrier working with hairs of ear

25
Q

superficial plexus blood vessels supply

A

epidermis & dermis

26
Q

deep plexus blood vessels supply

A

dermis & subcutaneous layer, small tributaries: hair follicles, sweat glands, etc.

27
Q

hair matrix responsible for

A

growth of existing hairs & new hair production

28
Q

arrector pili function

A

muscle responsible for goosebumps

29
Q

nail composition & function

A

sheets of keratin, protect ends of digits & performance of intricate movements

30
Q

sensory functions

A

cold, head, pain, touch, pressure

31
Q

thermoregulation controlled by

A

hypothalamus (forebrain)

32
Q

insulation/warming happens by

A

subcutaneous adipose tissue; vasoconstriction

33
Q

sweating happens by

A

eccrine glands; cool via evaporation, radiation, conduction, convection

34
Q

protection functions

A

physical barrier, prevent loss of fluids, prevent colonization of harmful microorganisms

35
Q

Vitamin D synthesis happens by

A

UV light

36
Q

Vitamin D importance

A

controls amount of Ca & P absorbed through SI and mobilized from bone

37
Q

Vitamin D deficiency in kids

A

Ricketts

38
Q

Vitamin D deficiency in adults

A

osteomalacia