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Anatomy & Physiology > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

cutaneous membrane

A

skin

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2
Q

skin derivatives

A

sweat glands, oil glands, hair, nails

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3
Q

skin functions

A

mechanical, bacterial, chemical, thermal, ultraviolet, desiccation damage

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4
Q

aids in head regulation, excretion of urea and uric acid, synthesizes vitamin D

A

skin/skin functions

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5
Q

outer layer of skin, often keratinized

A

epidermis (stratified squamous epithelium)

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6
Q

dense connective tissue

A

dermis

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7
Q

not part of the skin, anchors skin to underlying organs, composed of adipose tissue

A

hypodermis

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8
Q

layers

A

strata

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9
Q

produced by melanocytes

A

pigment (melanin)

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10
Q

color is brown to black

A

melanin

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11
Q

mostly in the stratum basale

A

melanin

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12
Q

amount of melanin produced depends on genes and exposure to sunlight

A

true

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13
Q

two layers of the dermis

A

papillary layer, reticular layer

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14
Q

blood vessels, glands, nerve receptors

A

reticular layer

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15
Q

pain receptors, capillary loops, dermal papillae

A

papillary layer

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16
Q

*familiarize skin structure

A

done

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17
Q

Skin color determinants

A

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

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18
Q

yellow, brown, black pigments

A

melanin

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19
Q

orange-yellow pigment from vegetables

A

carotene

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20
Q

red coloring from blood cells in dermis capillaries. oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

A

hemoglobin

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21
Q

produces oil, which acts as a lubricant for the skin and kills bacteria

A

sebaceous glands

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22
Q

glands are activated in adulthood

A

false

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23
Q

widely distributed in skin

A

sweat glands

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24
Q

two types of sweat glands

A

eccrine, apocrine

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25
ducts empty into hair follicles
apocrine
26
opens via duct to pore on skin surface
eccrine
27
composition of sweat
metabolic waste, fatty acids and proteins (only in apocrine), mostly water
28
helps dissipate excess heat, excrete waste product, and inhibits bacteria growth
sweat
29
odor is from associated bacteria
true
30
produced by hair bulb, consists of keratinized epithelial cells
hair
31
melanocytes provide pigment for hair color
true
32
3 parts of the hair
medulla, cortex, cuticle
33
innermost part of the hair
medulla
34
outside of the cortex, most heavily keratinized
cuticle
35
surrounds the medulla
cortex
36
*study the hair structure
done
37
scale-like modifications of the epidermis that are heavily keratinized
nails
38
extends beneath the nail bed
stratum basale
39
pigment has no effect on the color of the nail
false
40
*study nail structure
done
41
caused by skin homeostatic imbalances
infections/allergies
42
caused by fungal infection
athlete's foot
43
caused by bacterial infection
boils and carbuncles
44
caused by virus
cold sores
45
exposures cause allergic reaction
contact dermatitis
46
caused by bacterial infection
impetigo
47
triggered by trauma, infection, stress, however the cause is unknown
psoriasis
48
tissue damage and cell death caused by heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals
burns
49
associated dangers to burns
dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, circulatory shock
50
method to determine extent of burns
rules of nines
51
*study rule of 9s
done
52
skin is red and swollen
1st degree burn
53
burn is gray-white or black
3rd degree burn
54
destroys entire skin layer
3rd degree burn
55
skin is red with blisters
2nd degree burn
56
epidermis is damaged
1st degree burn
57
epidermis and upper dermis are damaged
2nd degree burn
58
burns are only critical if
25% of body has second degree burns, 10% of body has 3rd degree burns, hands, face, or feet have 3rd degree burns
59
abnormal cell mass
cancer
60
two types of cancer
benign, malignant
61
type of cancer that does not spread
benign
62
metastasized to other parts of the body
malignant
63
most common type of cancer
skin cancer
64
types of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma
65
least malignant type and most common type of skin cancer, and arises from statum basale
basal cell carcinoma
66
arises from stratum spinosum, metastasizes to lymph nodes. early removal of this has a higher chance of cure
squamous cell carcinoma
67
most deadly skin cancer type and metastasizes to lymph and blood vessels
malignant melanoma
68
*study ABCD rule
done

Anatomy & Physiology (7 decks)

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