Integumentary System Flashcards
(58 cards)
1
Q
Eccrine Sweat Glands
A
- simple, coiled, tubular gland
- abundant on palms, foreheads, soles of feet
- connect to pores
- NOT SMELLY (99% water)
2
Q
Follicle
A
- tube-like pocket in skin and scalp
- contains the hair root
3
Q
Medulla
A
- inner most layer of hair
4
Q
Hair bulb
A
- fat end of hair
- the lowest part of the hair root
5
Q
Hyponychium
A
the skin between the free edge and fingertip
6
Q
Functions of Integumentary System
A
Protection, sensation, excretion, temperature regulation, vitamin D production
7
Q
Parts of System
A
Nails, Skin, Hair, Glands
8
Q
Keratinocytes
A
- most abundant epidermal cells
- produce keratin (protects skin)
9
Q
Melanocytes
A
- cells that produce melanin (skin pigment)
10
Q
Langerhans cells
A
- epidermal macrophages that activate the immune system
11
Q
Merkel cells
A
- light touch receptors
12
Q
Eumelanin
A
- brownish-black pigment
mnemonic:
EW-melanin
13
Q
Melanin
A
- pigment of skin
14
Q
Pheomelanin
A
- reddish-yellow pigment
mnemonic:
THEOmelanin (ginger-red)
15
Q
Keratin
A
- hard protein in epidermis, hair, and nails
16
Q
Stratum Corneum
A
- outer layer of epidermis
- consists of flattened keratinocytes
17
Q
Stratum Lucidum
A
- translucent
- found in soles of feet and palms (thick skin only)
mnemonic:
transLUCent
LUCidum
18
Q
Stratum Granulosum
A
- thick layer
- transition between active cells and dead cells
19
Q
Stratum Spinosum
A
- gives flexibility and strength to the skin
20
Q
Stratum Basale
A
- rapid cell division occurs here
mnemonic:
BASE-ale (bottom)
21
Q
Epidermis
A
Outermost layer of skin
- avascular
22
Q
Dermis
A
Thickest (middle) layer of skin
- vascular
- where tattoos are put in
- papillary layer that makes thumb prints
23
Q
Hypodermis
A
- subcutaneous layer
- vascular
- made up of adipose and areolar tissue
- connects skin to muscle
- elastic
- atrophies with age
24
Q
Meissner’s corpuscles
A
- light touch receptors (in some parts)
25
Functions of the dermis
contains sensory receptors, stabilizes provides blood supply to the epidermis
26
free nerve endings (nociceptors)
- respond to pain and extreme temperatures
27
CIPA
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis
28
Krause end bulbs
thermoreceptor for cold temperature
mnemonic:
Santa KRAUS (cold)
29
Pacinian corpuscles
deep pressure and vibration receptors
mnemonic:
Pacinian
Pressure
30
Ruffini endings
respond to stretch
31
Merkel cells (disks)
nerve fibers close to the epidermis that sense touch and pressure
32
apocrine sweat glands
produce smelly sweat in the darker places of the body
33
basis of skin color
result of the interaction between epidermal pigmentation and dermal circulation
34
Carotenemia
condition where excess beta-carotene turns the skin yellow
35
Signs of Melanoma
A symmetry
B order irregularity
C olor change
D iameter change of moles
36
Arrector Pili Muscle
involuntary muscle fiber
- cause goosebumps
37
functions of hair
protects, insulates, sensitive to light touch
38
hair shaft
portion of hair above the surface
39
hair root
portion of hair below the surface
40
hair papilla
dermal tissue that is connected to capillaries that supply nutrients to the hair root
41
Anagen phase of hair growth
active growth that can last 2-7 years
mnemonic:
A nagen
A ctive
42
Catagen phase of hair growth
hair stops growing and dies. easy to pull out
mnemonic:
Cats, death, gross
43
Telogen phase of hair growth
hair reaches maximum length and reaches resting phase
mnemonic:
Do the chickens have large talons?
TALogeN (long hair)
44
Vellus hair
peach fuzz
45
terminal hair
All other hair
46
hair texture
determined by follicle shape
47
cortex of hair
middle layer that holds color
48
cuticle of hair
outer layer of hair made of keratinized cells covering the cortex
49
functions of nails
scratching, grasping, and protection
50
nail plate
translucent portion of the nail
51
free edge
part of the nail that extends over the tip of the finger
52
nail root
anchors nail into finger
53
lunula of nail
white area at the base of the nail (thickened stratum basale)
54
cuticle
loose and pliable overlapping skin around the nail
55
nail bed
living skin under the nail plate
56
matrix bed
where nail plate cells grow
57
nail folds
side edges of the nail
58
mantle of nail
contains root and matrix of the nail
