Integumentary System

Question 1

How to check the skin

Answer 1

Colour, growth, texture, swelling/fluid, wrinkles, temperature, thickness, mobility and turgor, vascularity

Question 2

Vitiligo

Answer 2

discolouration of the skin caused by damage to melanocytes

Question 3

Melanin

Answer 3

substance in the body that produces hair, skin, and eye pigment

Question 4

Papule vs Macule

Answer 4

Small, raised red lesion-P
Discoloured flat spot- M

Question 5

ABCDE of moles

Answer 5

Assymetrical, border, colour, diameter (6mm gets concerning), evolving

Question 6

nevus is a…

Answer 6

mole

Question 7

pallor

Answer 7

pale appearance (changes in temp)

Question 8

erythema

Answer 8

redness of the skin caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow)

Question 9

jaundice

Answer 9

too many rbc go to the liver; eyes and skin turn yellow

Question 10

cyanosis

Answer 10

blue discolouration of the skin; poor circulation and inadequate o2 in blood

Question 11

vasoconstriction

Answer 11

blood vessels narrow to keep blood for the vital organs and to avoid heat loss

Question 12

vasodilation

Answer 12

blood vessels widen to let out heat from the skin

Question 13

diaphoresis

Answer 13

excessive sweating without a trigger

Question 14

dehydration symptoms

Answer 14

thirsty, rough/dry skin, darker urine, dry mouth

Question 15

callus

Answer 15

thick collection of dead skin that builds up over time from repetitive moments

Question 16

blister

Answer 16

thin fluid filled build up over a shorter period of time

Question 17

T/F callus and blisters have the same cause

Answer 17

true

Question 18

Edema

Answer 18

fluid accumulation in intercellular spaces, gravity will pool deem to the feet and ankles, and the skin will look puffy and tight

Question 19

What is pitting edema

Answer 19

fluid isn’t circulating throughout causing edema, there is fluid build up

Question 20

mobility

Answer 20

ease of the skin rising

Question 21

turgor,

Answer 21

deals with your skins elasticity, how long it takes for your skin to return back to its og place

Question 22

vascularity

Answer 22

increase of blood flow, can be a sign of child abuse (if on wrists and appears often)
Non-vascular: white/blue
vascular: red

Question 23

Hematoma

Answer 23

bad bruise, pool of clotted blood in an organs space

Question 24

alopecia

Answer 24

partial or complete loss of hair; autoimmune disease; body attacks hair follicles

Question 25

discolouration or thickening of the nail can be a sign of

Answer 25

liver/kidney diseases, heart and lung conditions, anemia, and diabetes

Question 26

ridges or lines on nails

Answer 26

old age/vitamin defiency

Question 27

white spots

Answer 27

calcium deposit

Question 28

1st, 2nd, vs 3rd degree burns

Answer 28

1st: pain, redness, mild swelling 2nd: pain, blisters, splotchy skin, severe swelling 3rd: white, leathery, relatively painless (nerve endings are destroyed)

Question 29

How to treat burns?

Answer 29

Cool the burn (run it under cool, not cold water), compress and cover the burn, don't break any blisters, apply a wet compress, use Neosporin NO OINTMENT OR BUTTER: CAUSE INFECTIONS

Question 30

Rule of 9s

Answer 30

Whole Head: 9% Chest: 9% Abdomen: 9% Left Leg: 9% Right Leg: 9% Posterior Arm: 4.5% Whole arm: 9% Lower back: 9% Upper back: 9% Genitals: 1%

Question 31

Posterior

Answer 31

Back side

Question 32

Anterior

Answer 32

Front side

Question 33

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 33

common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells

Question 34

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 34

Cancer that begins (grows) in the lower part of the epidermis

Question 35

Melanoma

Answer 35

skin cancer; cancerous growth on melanin cells

Question 36

Acne

Answer 36

Inflammation/infection of a gland (bacterial caused)

Question 37

Warts

Answer 37

Virus caused; small skin growth that can be transmitted

Question 38

Eczema

Answer 38

Excessive dry skin (chronic)

Question 39

Impetigo

Answer 39

Bacterial caused skin infection; reddish sores

Question 40

Keloid

Answer 40

thick, raised scar

Question 41

Decubitis ulcers

Answer 41

Bed sores/pressure sores increased pressure exerted onto the skin

Question 42

Harmful effects of Tanning

Answer 42

UV radiation can damage the DNA in your skin cells and can damage them creating abnormal cell growth, leading to skin cancer Sunburns, premature aging of the skin (skin loses elasticity and wrinkles)

Question 43

Benefits of using chalk

Answer 43

Helps with grip by increasing friction and reduces sweaty hands preventing callus growth on hands

Question 44

Hyperaemia

Answer 44

Increased blood flow