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Body Systems > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Epidermis

A

Superficial layer of skin

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2
Q

Cutaneous

A

Pertaining to the skin

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3
Q

Derma

A

Skin

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4
Q

Dermis

A

Layer of skin between epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, the true skin or corium

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5
Q

Hair

A

Thread-like keratinized outgrowth from the skin

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6
Q

Hair Follicle

A

The sheath in which a hair develops

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7
Q

Keratin

A

A protein that thickens and toughens the skin and makes up hair and nails

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8
Q

Melanin

A

A dark pigment that gives color to the hair and skin and protects the skin against the sun’s radiation

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9
Q

Nail

A

A plate like keratinized outgrowth of the skin that covers the dorsal surface of the terminal phalanges

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10
Q

Sebaceous gland

A

A skin gland that produces sebum, usually associated with a hair follicle

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11
Q

Sebum

A

A fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands that lubricates the hair and skin

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12
Q

Skin

A

The tissue that covers the body; the integument

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13
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

The layer of tissue beneath the skin, also called the hypodermis

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14
Q

Sweat gland

A

A gland that releases a watery fluid (perspiration) to the skin surface in order to cool the body. Certain sweat glands (mainly the armpits and groin) release secreations with some cellular material in response to stress. A sudoriferous gland.

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15
Q

Bulla

A

Raised, fluid filled lesion larger than a vesicle.

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16
Q

Fissure

A

Crack or break in the skin

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17
Q

Macule

A

Flat, colored spot less than 1cm in size. (Larger spot is called a patch)

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18
Q

Nodule

A

Solid, raised lesion larger than a papule; often indictive of a systemic disease.

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19
Q

Papule

A

Firm, circular raised surface lesion less than 1cm in size such as a pimple

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20
Q

Plaque

A

Superficial, flat, or slightly raised differentiated patch more than 1 cm in diameter

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21
Q

Pustule

A

Raised pus-filled lesion; often a hair follicle or sweat pore

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22
Q

Ulcer

A

Lesion resulting from destruction of the skin and perhaps subcutaneous tissue

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23
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid-filled, raised lesion less than 5mm in size; a blister or bleb

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24
Q

Wheal

A

Smooth, rounded, slightly raised area often associated with itching; seen in urticaria (hives) such as that resulting from an allergy

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25
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Heredity, allergic, chronic skin inflamation with pruritus (itching); eczema

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26
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

An epithelial tumor that rarely metastasizes and has a high cure rate with surgical removal

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27
Q

Cicatrization

A

The process of scar formation; a scar is a cicatrix

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28
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of dead or damaged tissue, as from a wound

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29
Q

Dehiscence

A

Splitting or bursting, as when the layers of a wound separate

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30
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflamation of the skin, often associated with reness and itching; may be caused by allergy, irritation (contact dermatitis), or a variety of diseases

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31
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of the skin and diseases of the skin

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32
Q

Dermatome

A

Instrument for cutting thin skin sections for grafting

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33
Q

Eczema

A

A general term for skin inflamation with redness, lesions, and itching; atopic dermatitis

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34
Q

Erythema

A

Diffuse redness of the skin

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35
Q

Eschartomy

A

Removal of scab tissue resulting from burns or other skin injuries, a scab or crust is an eschar

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36
Q

Evisceration

A

Protrusion of internal organs (viscera) through an opening, as through a wound

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37
Q

Exudate

A

Material, which may include fluid, cells, pus, or blood, that escapes from damaged tissue.

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38
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A

Cancerous lesion of the skin and other tissues seen most often in patients with AIDS

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39
Q

Keloid

A

A raised thickened scar caused by tissue overgrowth during scar formation

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40
Q

Lupus erythematosus (LE)

A

A chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of connective tissue that often involves the skin; types include the more widespread systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a discoid form (DLE) that involves only the skin

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41
Q

Melanoma

A

A metastasizing pigmented skin tumor that arises from melanocytes; malignant melanoma

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42
Q

Pemphigus

A

An autoimmune disease of the skin characterized by sudden, intermittent formation of bullae (blisters); may be fatal if left untreated

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43
Q

Pressure Ulcer

A

An ulcer caused by pressure to an area of the body, as from a bed or chair; decubitus ulcer, bedsore, pressure sore

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44
Q

Pruritus

A

Severe itching

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45
Q

Psoriasis

A

A chronic hereditary dermatitis with red lesions covered by silvery scales

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46
Q

Rule of nines

A

A method for estimating the extent of body surface area involved in a burn by assigning percentages in multiples of nine to various body regions

47
Q

Scleroderma

A

A chronic disease that is charicterized by thickening anf tightening of the skin that often involves internal organs in a form called progressive systemic Sclerosis (PSS)

48
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

An epidermal cancer that may invade deeper tissue but tends not to metastasize

49
Q

Acne

A

An inflamatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles usually associated with exess sebum secretion; acne vulgaris

50
Q

Actinic

A

Pertaining to the effects of radiant energy, such ad sunlight, ultraviolet light, and x-rays

51
Q

Albinism

A

A hereditary lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

52
Q

Alopecia

A

Absence or loss of hair; baldness

53
Q

Beau Lines

A

White lines across the fingernails; usually a sign of systemic disease or injury

54
Q

Bromhidrosis

A

Sweat that has a foul odor because of bacterial decomposition; also called bromidrosis

55
Q

Carbuncle

A

A localized infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by staphylococcus, and associated with pain and discharge of pus.

56
Q

Comedo

A

A plug of sebum, often containing bacterial, in a hair follicle; a blackhead

57
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Fungal infection of the skin, especially between the toes; athlete’s foot

58
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Profuse sweating

59
Q

Dyskeratosis

A

Any abnormality in keratin formation in epithelial cells

60
Q

Ecchymosis

A

A collection of blood under the skin caused by leakage from small vessels

61
Q

Erysipelas

A

An acute infectious skin disease woth localized redness and swelling and systemic symptoms

62
Q

Erythema nodosum

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous tissue resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug

63
Q

Exanthema

A

Any cutaneous eruption that accompanies a disease, such as measles; a rash

64
Q

Excoriation

A

Lesion caused by scratching or abrasion

65
Q

Folliculitis

A

Inflamation of a hair follicle

66
Q

Furuncle

A

A painful skin nodule caused by staphylococci that enter through a hair follicle; a boil

67
Q

Hemangioma

A

A benign tumor of blood vessels; in the skin, called birthmarks or port wine stains

68
Q

Herpes simplex

A

A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus; type one produces fluid filled vesicles, usually on thr lips, after fever, sun exposure, injurt, or stress, also called cold sore or fever blister; type two infections usually involve the genital organs.

69
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive growth of hair

70
Q

Ichthyosis

A

A dry scaly condition of the skin

71
Q

Impetigo

A

Bacterial skin infection with pustules that rupture and form crusts, most commonly seen in children, usually on the face

72
Q

Keratosis

A

Any skin condition marked by thickened or horny growth

73
Q

Lichenification

A

Thickened marks caused by chronic rubbing, as seen in atopic dermatitis

74
Q

Mycosis Fungoides

A

A rare malignant disease that originates in the skin and involves the internal organs and lymph nodes; there are large, painful, ulcerating tumors.

75
Q

Nevus

A

A defined discoloration of the skin; a congenital vascular skin tumor, a mole, a birthmark

76
Q

Paronychia

A

Infection around a nail caused by bacteriall or fungi; may effect multiple nails

77
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation with lice

78
Q

Petechiae

A

Flat pinpoint purplish-red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane

79
Q

Photosensitization

A

Sensitization of the skin to light, usually from the action of drugs, plant products, or other substances

80
Q

Purpura

A

A condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin and other tissues

81
Q

Rosacea

A

A condition of unknown cause involving redness of the skin, pustules, and overactivity of sebaceous glands, mainly on the face

82
Q

Scabies

A

A highly contagious skin disease causwd by a mite

83
Q

Senile lentigines

A

Brown macules that appear on sun exposed skin in adults, liver spots

84
Q

Shingles

A

An acute eruption of vesicles along the path of a nerve; herpes zoster; caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox

85
Q

Tinea

A

A fungal skin infection; ringworm

86
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

Superficial chronic fungal infection that causes varied skin pigmentation

87
Q

Urticaria

A

A skin reaction marked by temporary smooth raised areas (wheals) associated with itching; hives

88
Q

Venous stasis ulcer

A

Ulcer caused by a venous insufficiency and stasis of venous blood; usually forms near the ankle

89
Q

Verruca

A

S small, usually benign epidermal tumor caused by human papilloma virus (HPV); a wart

90
Q

Vitiligo

A

Patchy disappearance of pigment in the skin; leukoderma

91
Q

Xeroderma pigmentosum

A

A fatal hereditary disease that begins in childhood with skin discolorations and ulcers and muscle atrophy; there is increased sensitivity to the sun and increased susceptibility to cancer

92
Q

Aloe

A

A gel from the leaves of the aloe vera plant that is used in treatment of burns and minor skin irritations

93
Q

Antipruritic

A

Agent that prevents or relieves itching

94
Q

Cautery

A

Destruction of tissue by physical or chemical means; cauterization; also the instrument or chemical used for this purpose

95
Q

Dermabrasion

A

A plastic surgical procedure for removing scars or birthmarks by chemical or mechanical destruction of epidermal tissue

96
Q

Dermatoplasty

A

Transplantation of human skin; skin grafting

97
Q

Diascopy

A

Examination of skin leasions by pressing a glass plate against the skin

98
Q

Fulguration

A

Destruction of tissue by high frequency electric sparks

99
Q

Skin turgor

A

Resistance or the skin to deformation; evidenced by the ability of the skin to return to position when pinched; is the measure of skin elasticiry and stage of hydration; typically declines with age and can be a sign of poor nutrition.

100
Q

Wood lamp

A

An Ultraviolet light used to diagnose fungal infections

101
Q

ABCDE

A

Asymmetry, uneven borders, different colors, diameter of more than 6 mm, and evolution (change)

102
Q

BSA

A

Body surface area

103
Q

DLE

A

Discoid lupus erythematosus

104
Q

PSS

A

Progressive systemic sclerosis

105
Q

PUVA

A

Psoralen Ultraviolet A

106
Q

SCLE

A

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus

107
Q

SLE

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

108
Q

SPF

A

Sun Protection Factor

109
Q

STSG

A

Split thickness skin graft

110
Q

UV

A

Ultraviolet

111
Q

UVA

A

Ultraviolet A

112
Q

UVB

A

Ultraviolet B

113
Q

VAC

A

Vacuum-Assisted Closure

Body Systems (3 decks)

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