Integumentary System

Question 1

Functions of the skin

Answer 1

Protection from infection and temperature, maintaining fluid balance, synthesizing vitamin D.

Question 2

Components of the integumentary system

Answer 2

Skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands.

Question 3

Epidermis

Answer 3

Outermost layer of the skin.

Question 4

Melanocyte

Answer 4

Epidermal cell which produces melanin.

Question 5

Langerhans/ dendritic cells

Answer 5

Epidermal cells which ingest invaders.

Question 6

Merkel / tactile cells

Answer 6

Epidermal cells which combine with nerve endings to form sensory receptors at the bottom of the epidermis.

Question 7

Stratum corneum

Answer 7

First layer of the epidermis. Consists of 20-30 sheets of dead keratinocytes.

Question 7

Stratum lucidum

Answer 7

Second layer of the epidermis. Consists of 2-3 sheets of flat, clear, dead keratinocytes. Found only in thick-skinned areas.

Question 8

Stratum granuolsum

Answer 8

Third layer of the epidermis. Layer of living keratinocytes.

Question 9

Stratum spinosum

Answer 9

Fourth layer of the epidermis. Contains dendrites which cause it to clump together.

Question 10

Stratum basale

Answer 10

Fifth layer of the epidermis. Consists of a single layer of columnar cells.

Question 11

Parts of the dermis

Answer 11

Papillary and reticular layers.

Question 12

Contents of the dermis

Answer 12

Collagen, elastin, capillaries and nerves.

Question 13

Papillary layer

Answer 13

Top 20% of the dermis. Consists of areolar connective tissue.

Question 14

Dermal papillae

Answer 14

Projections within the papillary layer which cause friction ridges and finger prints.

Question 15

Reticular layer

Answer 15

Bottom 80% of the dermis. Consists of dense, irregular connective tissue.

Question 16

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 16

Layer of adipose connective tissue which sits below the dermis.

Question 17

Corpuscules

Answer 17

Cutaneous sensory receptors.

Question 18

Blood storage in the skin

Answer 18

5% of the total blood volume.

Question 19

Cyanosis

Answer 19

Blue skin; indicates respiratory or heart issues.

Question 20

Jaundice

Answer 20

Yellow skin; indicates liver disorder.

Question 21

Erythema

Answer 21

Red skin; indicates fever or inflammation.

Question 22

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 22

Sweat glands

Question 23

Eccrine glands

Answer 23

Sudoriferous glands found on the palms, forehead and feet.

Question 24

Apocrine glands

Answer 24

Sweat glands which emerge at puberty and produce viscous sweat.

Question 25

Ceruminous glands

Answer 25

Ear wax glands.

Question 26

Sebaceous glands

Answer 26

Glands which secrete sebum. Also called oil glands.