Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Introduction to Human Anatomy > Integumentary System and Osseous Tissue > Flashcards

Integumentary System and Osseous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Integument System

The skin consists of two layers:

A
  1. Epidermis
  2. Dermis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Integument System

An outer protective layer consisting of a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium derived from embryonic endoderm.

A

epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Integument System

A dense connective tissue layer that gives skin most of its thickness and support and is derived from embryonic mesoderm.

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Integument System

What are the five layers of the epidermis from deep-to-superficial?

(hint: 5)

A
  1. Stratum basale
  2. Stratum spinosum
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum lucidum
  5. Stratum corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Integument System

What are the five layers of the epidermis from superficial-to-deep?

A
  1. Stratum corneum
  2. Stratum lucidum
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum spinosum
  5. Stratum basale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Integument System

An anuclear cell layer that is thick, comprised of 20-30 cells in thickness, and contained flattened cells filled almost entirely with keratin filaments; this layer provides a durable protective covering that resists water loss.

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Integument System

A layer of 1-3 cells thick; its cells contain keratohyalin granules, which contain a protein that will aggregate the keratin filaments of the next layer; these cells begin to flatten, and their nuclei and cell organelles begin to disintegrate.

A

Stratum granulosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Integument System

A layer that is several cell layers thick; its cells contains “spiny” cytoplasmic processes, but the processes are lost as the cells ascend toward the surface of the skin.

A

Stratum spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Integument System

A single germinal basal cell layer that is mitotically active and provides cells for the layers superficial to it; it is attached to the underlying dermis.

A

Stratum basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Integument System

A layer of the epidermis that appears as a glassy layer in thick skin only

A

Stratum lucidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Integument System

Layers of epidermis that consist of flattened, dead, interlocking keratinocytes & is water resistant but not waterproof

20-30 cell layers

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Integument System

A layer of the epidermis that contain keratinocytes which produce keratin. The keratin fibers develop as the cells become thinner, and gradually the PM thicken, and the organelle disintegrates, and the cell dies.

It looks grainy

A

Stratum granulosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Integument System

A layer of epidermis that have cells that contain keratinocytes which are bound together by desmosomes.

A

Stratum spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Integument System

This layer of the epidermis is attached to a basement membrane and contains basal cells (stem cells), melanocytes, and tactile cells (Merkel cells)

A

Stratum basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Integument System

What are the two layers of the dermis?

A
  1. Papillary layer
  2. Reticular layer

  1. Nourishes and supports the epidermis
  2. Has sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, pain, vibration and temperature. Blood vessels also assist in thermoregulation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Integument System

The epidermis consists of which type of epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Integument System

What is #1?

A

Arrector pili muscle

Contracts to make the hair pull up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Integument System

What is #2?

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Integument System

What is #3?

A

Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Integument System

What is #4?

A

Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Integument System

What is #5?

A

Hair bulb

22
Q

Integument System

What is #6?

A

Adipose (fat) tissue

23
Q

Integument System

What is #7?

A

Sudoriferous (sweat) gland

24
Q

Integument System

What is #8?

A

Sweat duct

25
Q

Integument System

What is #9?

A

Nerve

26
Q

Integument System

What do we call a hair follicle that has exited the epidermis?

A

A hair shaft

27
Q

Integument System

Where are apocrine sweat glands found?

Apocrine sweat glands are odiferous

A
  1. Axilla (armpit)
  2. Scrotum
  3. Prepuce
  4. Labia minora
  5. Nipples
  6. Perianal region
28
Q

Integument System

The (…) layer of the dermis extends up into the underside of the epidermis and increases the surface area for the attachment of the epidermis to the underlying dermal layer.

A

papillary layer

29
Q

Integument System

This layer of the dermis contains abundant collagen and elastin fibers, and is heavily vascular.

A

Papillary layer

30
Q

Integument System

The (…) dermis lies deeper and its thicker. It accounts for about 60-70% of the dermal thickness, and is less cellular.

A

reticular (layer)

30
Q

Integument System

Skin functions include

(hint: 5)

A
  1. Protection (via mechanical abrasion & immune responses)
  2. Temperature regulation
  3. Sensation (via mechanoreceptors, pain, and thermoreceptors)
  4. Endocrine (via secretion of hormones, cytokines, and growth factors)
  5. Exocrine (via secretion from sweat glands and sebum from sebaceous glands)
30
Q

Osseous Tissue

What are bone cells called?

A

Osteocytes

30
Q

Osseous Tissue

In the bone, this structure in the matrix contains osteocytes.

A

Lacunae

31
Q

Osseous Tissue

Lacunae are typically organized around blood vessels. Vertical blood vessels are called (…) canals and horizontal blood vessels are called (…) canals.

A

Central, perforating

32
Q

Osseous Tissue

Can diffusion occur through bone matrix?

A

No, it cannot. It must travel through canaliculi.

33
Q

Osseous Tissue

Diffusion can not take place through the bone matrix, but osteocytes communicate with the blood vessels (and with one another) by means of slender cytoplasmic extensions called:

A

canaliculi

These passageways form a branching network for the exchange of materials between blood vessels, interstitial fluid, and osteocytes

34
Q

Osseous Tissue

The surfaces of bone are sheathed by (…), a covering composed of fibrous (outer) and cellular (inner) layers

A

periosteum

34
Q

Osseous Tissue

The (…) helps to attach a bone to surrouding tissues and to associated tendons and ligaments.

A

periosteum

35
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #1?

A

Osteocyte(s)

36
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #2?

A

Lamellae

The ECM AROUND osteocytes that gives compact bone its hardness and rigidity

37
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #3?

A

Periosteum

38
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #4?

A

Compact bone

39
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #5?

A

Spongy bone

40
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #6?

A

Trabeculae

Lattice-like arrangment of osteocytes that is next to red bone marrow

41
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #7?

A

Lacunae

42
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #1?

A

Central (blood vessel) canal

43
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #2?

A

Perforating canal

44
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #3?

A

Lacunae

45
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #4?

A

Osteocyte

46
Q

Osseous Tissue

What is #5?

A

Canaliculi

Introduction to Human Anatomy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions