Integumentary System Terms

Question 1

Epithelial Membrane

Answer 1

simple organs that cover and line several surfaces, atop a layer of connective tissue (ex: cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes).

Question 2

Cutaneous Membrane

Answer 2

Your skin! (superficial epidermis + squamous epithelium)

Question 3

Mucous Membrane

Answer 3

Epithelium resting on a lamina propria; lines all body cavities that open to the exterior.

Question 4

Serous Membrane

Answer 4

Squamous epithelium + areolar connective tissue; lines body cavities closed to the exterior.

Question 5

Serous Fluid

Answer 5

Thin, clear fluid that separates serous layers.

Question 6

Peritoneum

Answer 6

The serosa lining in the abdominal cavity and covering its organs.

Question 7

Pleura

Answer 7

Serous membrane around the lungs.

Question 8

Pericardium

Answer 8

Serous membrane around the heart.

Question 9

Synovial Membrane

Answer 9

Composed of areolar connective tissue, no epithelial cells; lines the fibrous capsules surrounding the joints.

Question 10

Skin

Answer 10

Cutaneous membrane, coats and protects you.

Question 11

Integument

Answer 11

Your covering, or your skin, which keeps water and other molecules in the body, and keeps harmful things out.

Question 12

Keratin

Answer 12

Protein that makes up the outer layer of your skin.

Question 13

Epidermis

Answer 13

Composed of stratified squamous epithelium capable of keratinizing, or becoming hard and tough. Outer layer of skin.

Question 14

Dermis

Answer 14

Beneath epidermis, made up of dense connective tissue.

Question 15

Stratum basale

Answer 15

Deepest cell layer of the epidermis, lies closest to the dermis and contains epithelial cells which are most nourished.

Question 16

Stratum spinosum

Answer 16

directly above the stratum basale, less nutritioned, slightly more keratinized.

Question 17

Stratum granulosum

Answer 17

above the stratum spinosum, even less nutritioned, and even more keratinized.

Question 18

Stratum lucidum

Answer 18

Above the stratum granulosum in areas with no hair (palms of hands, soles of feet). Quite thick, age quickest, since no oxygen.

Question 19

Stratum corneum

Answer 19

outermost layer of epidermis, 20-30 cell layers thick. Completely filled with keratin, very tough for this reason.

Question 20

Melanin

Answer 20

A pigment found in skin that ranges from yellow to brown to black.

Question 21

Sebaceous glands

Answer 21

oil glands; everywhere but the palms and soles

Question 22

Sebum

Answer 22

oil produced by sebaceous glands

Question 23

eccrine glands

Answer 23

produce sweat; everywhere on body

Question 24

apocrine glands

Answer 24

secrete fatty acids and proteins; ducts empty into hair follicles found on the axillary and genital areas.

Question 25

hair follicles

Answer 25

where your hair grows out of, and gets its blood supply.

Question 26

arrector pili

Answer 26

small bands of smooth muscle cells that connect each side of the hair follicle to the dermal tissue. Make your hair stand upright when you're cold!

Question 27

athlete's foot

Answer 27

itchy, red, peeling condition of the skin between the toes, resulting from a fungal infection.

Question 28

boils and carbuncles

Answer 28

inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, common on dorsal neck. can be caused by bacterial infection.

Question 29

cold sores

Answer 29

herpes simplex A blisters, that itch and sting. Virus localizes in a cutaneous nerve, and remains dormant until activated by emotional upset, UV radiation, or fever. happen around the lips and oral mucosa of the mouth.

Question 30

contact dermatitis

Answer 30

itching and swelling that turns into blistering; from chemicals that cause allergic reactions

Question 31

impetigo

Answer 31

pink, water-filled, raised lesions around the mouth and nose that develop a yellow crust and rupture; caused by a staph infection

Question 32

psoriasis

Answer 32

chronic overproduction of skin cells, leading to red lesions. believed to be auto-immune related when it's bad.

Question 33

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 33

least malignant, most common skin cancer. stratum basale cells no longer produce keratin, invade other layers. Surgically removable.

Question 34

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 34

stratum spinosum cells on the scalp, back of hands, and lower lip. Can metastasize to lymph nodes if not not removed. Surgery and radiation can treat.

Question 35

Malignant melanoma

Answer 35

cancer of melanocytes (melanin producing cells). spreads fast and is very deadly. arises from accumulated DNA damage in a skin cell, can metastasize to surrounding blood or lymph.