Intelligence

Question 0

Why is intelligence a hypothetical construct?

Answer 0

Intelligence cannot be directly observed and measured.

Question 1

What is intelligence?

Answer 1

Intelligence is the ability to learn from experience, acquire knowledge, reason and solve problems, deal with people and objects and to adapt effectively to the environment.

Question 2

What is a culture bias test?

Answer 2

Refers to the tendency of a test to give a lower score to a person em a culture different from which the test is based on.

Question 3

Name one type of bias test

Answer 3

The Dove test

Question 4

What is meant by a culture fair test?

Answer 4

Doesn’t disadvantage participants on the basis of their culture

Question 5

What is the influence of genetics on intelligence?

Answer 5

The more similar we are in genes, the closer your intelligence.

Question 6

What are the two types of environments that impact intelligence?

Answer 6

Enriched environments and deprived intelligence

Question 7

What is an enriched environment?

Answer 7

Good education; facilities; support

Question 8

What is a deprived environment?

Answer 8

Lack of education; low level of social support; lack of facilities.

Question 9

How does genetics and environment interact to influence intelligence?

Answer 9

Environmental factors play a significant role in determining whether an individual will reach their genetically determined potential.

Question 10

What is emotional intelligence?

Answer 10

Ability to recognise the meaning of emotions and their relationships, and to reason and problem solve on the basis of emotions.

Question 11

What are the 2 aspects of EQ?

Answer 11

Perceiving emotions and managing emotions

Question 12

What is perceiving emotions?

Answer 12

The ability to detect, accurately express and interpret our own emotions and those of others.

Question 13

What is managing emotions?

Answer 13

The ability to manage, or effectively ‘deal with’ one’s own emotions and those of others.

Question 14

What is an example of perceiving emotions?

Answer 14

Knowing what a smile means

Question 15

What is an example of managing emotions?

Answer 15

Dealing competently with the emotions of those around you.

Question 16

How is EQ usually assessed?

Answer 16

Usually assessed using self- reports or questionnaires that focus on emotion- based skills.

Question 17

List one strength of EQ

Answer 17

1. Most psychologists support the idea that emotional intelligence is important in everyday life.
2. It can be used to predict work success, in terms of promotions and job applications.
3. Also been proposed that emotional intelligence may be important for general mental health.

Question 18

List a limitation of EQ

Answer 18

1. Tests are self reports and do not have rigorous operational definitions. This makes it hard to validate results.
2. Some emotional intelligence tests could be measuring personality rather than emotional intelligence.
   Been argued that it’s simply apart of general intelligence, which includes the ability to deal with life situations and emotions.

Question 19

What is an Intelligence Quotient (IQ)?

Answer 19

An IQ is a numerical score on an intelligence test

Question 20

How did Binet view IQ?

Answer 20

Viewed intelligence as a general ability associated with specific but related ‘mental functions’.

Question 21

How did Weschler view intelligence?

Answer 21

Viewed intelligence as the global and aggregate capacity to act purposefully to think rationally, and to deal effectively with the environment.

Question 22

What were the two types of categories Weschler believed were associated with IQ?

Answer 22

Verbal activities (language dependant) and performance abilities

Question 23

What are the four index scores for WISC?

Answer 23

Verbal comprehension
Perceptual reasoning
Working memory
Processing speed

Question 24

What are the four domains for the WASI test?

Answer 24

Verbal domain Perceptual domain Working memory domain Processing speed domain

Question 25

What did Gardener propose about MI?

Answer 25

1. IQ is not one ability, but rather, separate intelligences that are unrelated. 2. Each intelligence is different and independent of one another. 3. Each intelligence operates separately from the others and exists in a different part of the brain.

Question 26

What are the 8 types of multiple intelligences?

Answer 26

1. Linguistic 2. Musical 3. Logical- mathematical 4. Spatial 5. Bodily- kinestheic 6. Interpersonal 7. Intrapersonal 8. Naturalistic

Question 27

What is linguistic intelligence?

Answer 27

Use of language and words

Question 28

What is musical intelligence?

Answer 28

Musical competence, such as understanding pitch, rhythm and timbre

Question 29

What is logical- mathematical intelligence?

Answer 29

Ordering and reordering numbers of objects to measure their quantity, using a sequence of logical steps in solving a problem

Question 30

What is spatial intelligence?

Answer 30

Mentally forming and using accurate visual images of real objects and events, mentally rotating them in 3D space.

Question 31

What is bodily- kinesthetic intelligence?

Answer 31

Using one's body in highly specialised and skilled ways

Question 32

What is intrapersonal intelligence?

Answer 32

Ability to understand one's own feelings and to draw on them to guide one's behaviour in an appropriate way.

Question 33

What is interpersonal intelligence?

Answer 33

Ability to read other people's moods, motivations, intentions and other internal states and effectively act upon this knowledge.

Question 34

What is naturalistic intelligence?

Answer 34

Ability to recognise and categorise natural objects.

Question 35

What is a strength of Intelligence Tests and IQ scores?

Answer 35

1. Useful diagnostic tools when used in conjunction with other relevant information and tests designed to assess specific abilities. 2. Used to help diagnose specific learning difficulties of individuals. 3. Used to recommend special assistance.

Question 36

What is a limitation of intelligence tests and IQ scores?

Answer 36

1. When used alone,they can't be used as the sole basis for a judgement about intellectual functioning. 2. Measure only some of the abilities thought to be associated with intelligent behaviour. 3. The results could misrepresent the intellectual capabilities of an individual.