Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 2

Factor Analysis

Answer 2

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one’s total score.

Question 3

General Intelligence

Answer 3

According to Spearman and others, this underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 4

Savant Syndrome

Answer 4

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

Question 5

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 5

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

Question 6

Creativity

Answer 6

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.

Question 7

Intelligence Test

Answer 7

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Question 8

Mental Age

Answer 8

The average age at which children could successfully answer a particular level of questions. a measure of intelligence devised by Binet; the age at which a person is mentally performing at. It can be higher, lower, or the same as their chronological age.

Question 9

Stanford-Binet

Answer 9

The widely used American revision of Binet’s original intelligence test. Louis Terman of Stanford University created it.

Question 10

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Answer 10

Originally defined as the mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100. Developed by Louis Terman.

Question 11

Aptitude Tests

Answer 11

Tests designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn. SAT, and IQ test are examples.

Question 12

Achievement Tests

Answer 12

Tests designed to assess what a person has learned. The AP Psychology Exam is an example.

Question 13

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Answer 13

The most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

Question 14

Standardization

Answer 14

The process of giving the test to a large group of representative and randomly selected people to establish consistent methods administration.

Question 15

Normal Curve

Answer 15

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes.

Question 16

Reliability

Answer 16

The extent to which a test yields consistent results. a test can be reliable but not valid. Can determine by retesting or by comparing the consistency of scores on two halves of the test (split half reliability).

Question 17

Validity

Answer 17

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. In order for a test to be valid it has to be reliable.

Question 18

Content Validity

Answer 18

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest. The AP Psychology exam will measure your knowledge of Psychology, and not Chemistry.

Question 19

Criterion

Answer 19

The behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (such as the SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity.

Question 20

Predictive Validity

Answer 20

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. The SATs have predictive validity.

Question 21

Mental Retardation

Answer 21

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound.

Question 22

Down Syndrome

Answer 22

A condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup.

Question 23

Stereotype Threat

Answer 23

A self- confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.