Intergrated Product Development Flashcards
What are the main sources of technology?
Internal R&D Technology Purchasing Acquisitions Joint Ventures and Alliances Scanning
What are the benefits of being the first in the market?
Enjoy a longer product life,
Fast pay-back time,
Faster react to evolving market demands,
Faster use of emerging new technologies,
Set a higher market prize,
Enjoy scale effects,
Establish industry standards
What are the main Product Portfolio Objectives?
Maximize value of portfolio
Net present value
Expected commercial value
Options pricing theory
Scoring models
Achieving a Balanced Portfolio
Bubble Diagram
Portfolio Diagrams
Histograms
Pie Charts
A Strong link to Strategy
Top-Strategic Buckets
Bottom-up- Scoring models with strategic parameters
What are the tools or techniques for fulfillong the Product Portfolio Objectives?
Maximize value of portfolio
Net present value
Expected commercial value
Options pricing theory
Scoring models
Achieving a Balanced Portfolio
Bubble Diagram
Portfolio Diagrams
Histograms
Pie Charts
A Strong link to Strategy
Top-Strategic Buckets
Bottom-up- Scoring models with strategic parameters
Describe the Technology Cycles in terms of Dominant Desing, Fluid Phase and Specific Phase
The fluid phase (When considerable uncertainty aboy the technology and its market; fims experiment with different products design in this phase)
Ater a Dominant Design emerges, the Specific Phase begins. (When firms focus on incremental improvements to the design and manufacturing efficiency)
What are Typical themes (reasons to) in ineffective (problematic) development projects
- Multiple ambiguous objectives, different functional agendas
- Focus on current customers and confusion about future target customers
- Narrow engineering focus on intrinsic elegance of solution, little concern with time
- Reliance on engineering chances and manufacturing ram-up to catch and solve problems. We will put a change order on it when we get to manufacturing
- Narrow specialist in functional “chimneys”
- Unclear direction. No one in charge. Accountability Limited.
What are Typical themes in effective product development
- Clear objectives and shared understanding of projects intent throughout organization early conflict resolution at low levels
- Actively acticipating future customers need, providing continuily in offerings
- Mantaining strong focus on time-to-market while solving problems creatively: system view of project concept.
- Testing and validating product and process designs before hard tooling od commercial producion: ”Design it at first time”
- Broad expertise in critical functions, team responsibility and integrated problem solvin accross
- Strong leadership and wide spread accountability.
What are the types of product development, Why is important to divide Projects in Types.
Advance Research Projects
Breackthough Projects
Platform Projects
Derivatives Projects
Degree of Product Change
Degree of Process Change
Explain Typical Trade-Offs in Product Development.
Cost-Quality-Time
Differentiation Plan.- Commonatlity Plan-Platform Plan
What are the main driving formces for Speed and Flexibility in Product development.
R&D Lead times are becoming longer or shorter
Shrinking Product Life Cycle
Increased R&D Cost
Diverse and Rapid Changing Technologies
The products are becoming more and more Complex
Intense International Competition
Fragmented Demanding Markets
Wheelwright abd Clarck describes, based on their expertise from a variety of firms and industries, a handful of common pitfalls (problems) that causes great gap between promise (plan) and reality (outcome) in new product and process development. Describe these obvious pitfalls.
Problems in New Product and New Process Development.
The Moving Targets: Mismatches Between Functions Lack of Product Distinctiveness: Unexpected Technical Problems: Problem-Solving Delays: Unexpected Policy Issues:
What is an Agregate Project Plan? and Portafolio Project Management
The aggregate project plan
The process of working out development goals and objective integrates technology and commercial plans from the standpoint of purpose and intent. The aggregate project plan brings a second stage of integration down to the level of specific project and resources. The purpose of creating such a plan is to ensure that the collective set of project will accomplish the development goals and objectives and built the organizational capabilities needed for ongoing development success.
The first step in developing an aggregate project plan is to ensure that development resources are applied to the appropriate types and mix of projects.
Research or advanced development projects (Create new science, capture Know-how, groups that is separate of the organization)
Breakthrough Development Projects: First generation of an entirely new product and process.
Platform or generational development projects. Design life for several years and stablish the basic architecture for a set of follow on derivative projects
Derivative development Projects:
Alliance or partnered Projects.
Second step is to develop a capacity plan (Resource utilization, Productivity, Resource Requirements)
Final Step. To examine the effect of the proposed projects on fundamental skills and capabilities required for future development projects
c) Quite often management’s involvement only becomes significant late in the project, around the time when prototypes are being built. Why can this be a problem? (2.5p) October 28, 2015 / 08:30-13.30
Discussion about the management attention and influence profile in Exhibit 2-1. Managers usually gets involved in project when the product starts to become tangible and/or when problems begin to surface. The problem is that the later they get involved the lower the ability to influence gets and/or the higher the costs of eventual and necessary changes gets.
b) What is the purpose of creating an aggregate project plan and discuss some issues managers must confront in developing such a plan (2.5p)
b)CG: W&C pages: 48+86-92. The purpose is to ensure that the collective set of projects will accomplish the development goals and objectives and build the organizational capabilities needed for ongoing development success (W&C p 48). The issues relates to resources per project and total resources, types of projects, mix and sequence, as well as relationship to strategic issues
d. What is the objective of Engineering Maps? Give an example of an Engineerin Map
An important driver for engineerign function is the shifting mix of critical skils required in the design, development. And reenineering of products and processes. This kind of map is particularly useful when product technology, for ecmaple, are undergoing significant change
