Intergumentary System/Health Challenges

Question 1

integument definition

Answer 1

means covering

Question 2

components of integumentary system

Answer 2

skin and its appendages:
hair
oil glands
nails
sweat glands

Question 3

name and describe the 2 skin layers

Answer 3

epidermis (outer layer, no blood supply, has nerve endings, contains pigment, relies on dermis for nutrients and oxygen)
dermis (inner layer, connective tissue, has blood vessels, nerves, sweat and oil glands, hair roots)

Question 4

name and describe bottom “layer” of skin

Answer 4

subcutaneous (fatty tissue below skin)

Question 5

what are the 4 functions of the skin

Answer 5

protection
nerve endings (warn for danger, sense temperature)
elimination (rid of toxins)
regulation of boy temp (sweating/shivering)

Question 6

features of hair

Answer 6

keeps heat
protects openings from foreign substances
small amounts of daily shedding
soft and shiny

Question 7

features of nails

Answer 7

protects finger and toe beds
flexible
straight, fingers rounded
beds are pink

Question 8

features of sweat glands

Answer 8

help regulate temperature
from pores of skin
consists of water, salt, small amount of waste

Question 9

features of oil glands

Answer 9

secrets oily substance and softens hair
prevents bacteria from growing on surface of skin

Question 10

skin changes upon aging

Answer 10

increased skin breakdown
subcutaneous layer lost
drier
less elastic
fewer blood vessels
nails thicken and roughen
hair thins and dries

Question 11

how to promote healthy skin

Answer 11

no soap on face
moisturize after washing
test water temp
brush hair every day
keep nails short
promote fluids
promote circulation

Question 12

characteristics of healthy skin

Answer 12

not discoloured
soft and smooth
elastic and turger
intact
cool or warm

Question 13

wound definition

Answer 13

break in skin or mucus membrane, becomes portal of entry

Question 14

abrasion definition

Answer 14

partial thickness wound from scraping away or rubbing of skin

Question 15

contusion definition

Answer 15

a bruise, closed wound caused by blow to body

Question 16

incision definition

Answer 16

open wound with clean, straight edges, usually intentional

Question 17

laceration definition

Answer 17

open wound with torn tissues and jagged edges

Question 18

penetrating wound definition

Answer 18

open wound, a superficial or deep penetration of body system

Question 19

puncture wound definition

Answer 19

closed wound from a sharp, pointy object, prone to infection but bleeds little

Question 20

pressure/decubitus ulcer definition

Answer 20

any injury from unrelieved pressure, usually occurs over a boney area

Question 21

trauma definition

Answer 21

an accidental or violent act that injures skin, mucus membranes, bone, or organs

Question 22

skin tear definition

Answer 22

break or rip in skin, epidermis separates from underlying tissue

Question 23

causes of pressure ulcers

Answer 23

pressure
friction
shearing
breaks in skin
poor circulation to an area
moisture
dry/flaky skin

Question 24

risks for pressure ulcers

Answer 24

immobile
confined to bed or chair
moisture
incontinence
poor nutrition
dulled sensing for pain/pressure
obese or frail
altered mental awareness

Question 25

shearing definition

Answer 25

tearing of skin tissue from skin sticking to a surface but the inner structures move

Question 26

stages of pressure ulcers

Answer 26

1: skin is red and does not return to normal upon relieving 2: skin cracks, blisters, or peels, may have shallow crater 3: skin is gone and underlying tissues are exposed and damaged, may be drainage 4: muscle and bone are exposed and damaged, drainage is likely

Question 27

athletes foot definition

Answer 27

very contagious fungal infection in skin of the foot

Question 28

boil definition

Answer 28

skin disorder caused by infection of hair follicle, red puss filled lump

Question 29

cyst definition

Answer 29

abnormal closed sac that can contain air, fluid, or semi-solid material

Question 30

when are moles cancerous

Answer 30

isn't a clean circle, colour breaks from normal shape

Question 31

dermatitis definition

Answer 31

inflammation of skin from contact with allergic or irritating substance

Question 32

eczema definition

Answer 32

inflammatory condition of skin, causes red, dry, itchy patches of skin

Question 33

psoriasis definition

Answer 33

persistent skin disorder that causes red scaly plaques on skin

Question 34

seborrheic keratosis definition

Answer 34

non-cancerous growth, mistaken for moles or skin cancer

Question 35

skin tag definition

Answer 35

small flap of flesh coloured skin

Question 36

urticaria definition

Answer 36

hives or raised itchy wells, warning sign not to touch something, can lead to anaphylactic shock

Question 37

Treatment of pressure ulcers

Answer 37

Reposition or relieve pressure Use pillows between limbs Good nutrition Offer fluids Keep area dry