International Partnerships Flashcards
(44 cards)
What is the definition of globalization?
The flow of information, goods, capital and people across political and geographic boundaries (2003)
Who does globalization benefit?
Globalization tends to benefit the most economically advanced and affluent countries, corporations and individuals.
What are the positive implications of globalization on health?
Infectious disease control
What are the negative implications of globalization on health?
Infectious disease spread
What are the four main factors that affect global health?
Diet (fat, salt, sugar intake)
Lack of physical exercise
Alcohol
Tobacco
What is the definition of global health?
The optimal well-being of all humans considered from the individual and collective perspective.
What effect does good health of individuals have on broader society? (Jan, 1997)
Good health of individuals benefits the health of those around them and therefore has a synergistic effect on the health of the broader society.
What is health inequity according to Garmer, 1999?
Health disparities are biological in their expression but are largely socially determined.
What causes health inequity according to WHO, 2008?
The poor health of the poor, the social gradient in health within countries, and the marked health inequities between countries are caused by the unequal distribution of power, income, goods and services, globally and nationally.
What is health inequity according to UFV?
Differences in health that are unnecessary, unfair, and unavoidable.
what is the difference between inequality and inequity?
Inequality = unequal
Inequity = unfair, unjust
“Not all health inequalities are unjust or inequitable|
What is the definition of justice according to the CNA code of ethics?
Justice: Nurses uphold principles of equity and fairness to assist person in receiving a share of health services and resources proportionate to their needs and in promoting social justice.
What is social justice? (CNA, 2006)
The fair distribution of society’s benefits, responsibilities and their consequences. Social justice focuses on the root causes of disparities and what can be done to eliminate them.
What are social justice actions? (3)
- Actions that would increase awareness of the injustice.
- Actions that would help ameliorate injustice by addressing symptoms of injustice.
- Actions that would help transform injustice by eliminating the root cause.
What are health indicators? (definition)
Measures of health and the factors that affect it
What are some examples of health indicators?
Life expectancy at birth (LEB)
Infant mortality rate
Maternal mortality rate
Under-5 mortality rate.
What is infant mortality rate?
Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths under the age of 1 year per 1000 live births.
What is maternal mortality rate?
Maternal mortality rate is the number of maternal deaths (death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of a pregnancy) per 100,000 live births.
What are the differences between the UN Millennium Development Goals (2000) and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (2016)?
Un Millennium Development Goals (2000)
- 8 goals and 18 targets to be met by 2015
- Time span starting in 1990 (25 year period)
UN Sustainable Development Goals (2016)
- 17 goals and 169 targets - all interlinked
- Follow and expand on Millennium Development Goals
- Adopted by United Nations March, 2016
- Targets to be met by 2030
What is sustainable development? (ICN, 2007)
Providing a framework whereby groups, communities and individuals have access to resources and opportunities, and exercise their rights, using them to create infrastructures that promote healthy communities.
What are the 17 sustainable development goals set out by the UN in 2016?
- No poverty
- Zero hunger
- Good health and well-being
- Quality education
- Gender equality
- Clean water and sanitation
- Affordable and clean energy
- Decent work and economic growth
- Industry, innovation and infrastructure
- Reduced inequalities
- Sustainable cities and communities
- Responsible consumption and production
- Climate action
- Life below water
- Life on land
- Peace, justice and strong institutions
- Partnerships for the goals
What are the five underlying principles and focus of the UN Sustainable development goals? (5 P’s)
People Planet Prosperity Peace Partnership
What is the definition of universal health coverage?
All people receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship.
What are four components of universal health coverage?
Financial risk protection.
Access to quality essential health care.
Access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines.
Access to vaccines for all.
