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Saher > International Politics Final: Chapters 5 - 11 > Flashcards

International Politics Final: Chapters 5 - 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Global North

A

Term used to refer to the world’s wealthy, industrialized countries located primarily in the northern hemisphere

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2
Q

Global South

A

Term used for “third world” to designate the less developed counties located primarily in the Southern Hemisphere

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3
Q

Decolonization

A

Process by which sovereign independence was achieved by countries that were once colonies of great powers

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4
Q

Xenophobia

A

Having or showing a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries

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5
Q

Bilateral foreign aid

A

Nation to nation aid

Or aid from the International Monetary Fund or aid from the United Nations

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6
Q

IMF

A

International Monetary Fund

International organization that aims to promote global economic growth and financial stability, encourage international trade, and reduce poverty

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7
Q

World Bank

A

International financial institution that provides loans and grants to governments of poorer countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects

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8
Q

Multilateral Foreign Aid

A

Financial assistance provided by many governments who pool funds to international organizations like the world bank, UN, IMF

Funds used to aid poverty in third world countries in global south

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9
Q

South-South Donar Contributions

A

Development assistance provided to another developing country by a county of the global south

Ex: China and Pakistan’s Silk Road trade agreement, aids Pakistan’s poor economy and China benefits by expanding its industry and its power in Asia

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10
Q

Global Remittances

A

Money earned by immigrants working in rich countries which almost always exceeds the income they would earn working in native countries; immigrants send this money back home to their families

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11
Q

NAFTA

A

North American Free Trade Agreement

Free trade zone, tariff free, open investments between the US, Canada and Mexico

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12
Q

ASEAN

A

Association of South-East Asian Nations

Promoting political, economic, military, security, cultural, education cooperation among members

Seeks regional diplomacy and peaceful stability

Free trade agreement as of 2015

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13
Q

Foreign Direct Investment

A

Cross border investment

Corporation based in one nation pitches assets in another country

Long term relationship + control of enterprise

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14
Q

Veto Power of the UN Security council

A

No action can be taken unless all 5 permanent members of the council (US, Russia, UK, France and China) vote yes

Has to be unanimous decision

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15
Q

Super National Organization

A

Multi-national political union where negotiated power is delegates to an authority by the government of the nation states

Ex: European Union

International Organizations should have authority greater than sovereign states

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16
Q

Euro-Zone

A

EU members that use the Euro as a currency

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17
Q

European Coal + Steel Community

A

Organization of 6 European countries created after WWII to regulate industrial production under centralized authority

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18
Q

Jean Monnet and Robert Schumann

A

Visionaries: they wanted the EU to involve into the United States of Europe

Brains behind the European Coal and Steel Community: eliminating tariffs and barriers the 6 countries of community in terms of steel bad coal

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19
Q

Treaty of Rome (1957)

A

Treaty created the European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community

European Economic Community, European Atomic Energy Community and European Coal and Steal Community all combined to form the European Community which was the precursor to the European Union

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20
Q

European Economic Community

A

Regional organization that aimed to bring about economic integration among its European members

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21
Q

European Atomic Energy Community

A

Purpose was to create a specialized market for nuclear power in Europe by developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states

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22
Q

European Community

A

A collective term referring to the unification of the European Economic Community, European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community

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23
Q

Treaty of Maastricht (Treaty of the European Union)

A

Treaty signed by the members of the European Communities to further European Integration

Treaty founded the European Union and established its structure

Creation of the Euro

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24
Q

European Union

A

Political and Economical union of 28 member states that are primarily located in Europe

Ensure free movement of people, goods, services and capital within the single internal market

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25
Functionalists
As members become integrated economically, habit of cooperation will make them cooperate in areas outside of economics
26
European Council
Body of the European Union that defines the organization’s political direction and priorities Made up of the heads of states of the members of the EU, President of the European Council and President of the European Commission
27
European Commission
Executive Branch of the EU Proposes legislation, implements decisions, upholds EU treaties and manages day to day business of EU
28
European Parliament
Legislative Branch of EU Members voted by the citizens of the EU nations Approve new laws and budgets
29
New Terrorism (W. Laqueur)
Terrorists die on their missions to ensure success Weapons of mass destruction are used to kill hundreds of thousands of people Sacred terrorists: to die as martyrs
30
Al-Qaeda
Militant Sunni Islamist multi-national organization founded in 1988 during Soviet-Afghan wars Individuals have gotten training in camps Network of Islamic extremists and jihadists
31
ISIS
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria Terrorist militia the group that follows a fundamentalist, jihadist doctrine of Sunni Islam Mesopotamian branch of Al-Qaeda
32
Osama Bin Ladin
Founder of Al-Qaeda Responsible for the attacks on 9/11
33
“Planes Operation”
Plans for the 9/11 attacks
34
Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
Pakistani Islamist Militant held by US in detention camp under terrorism charges = principal architect of the 9/11 attacks
35
Mohamed Atta
Egyptian hijacker and one of the ringleaders of the 9/11 attacks
36
Ayman al-Zawahiri
Egyptian terrorist who became the leader of Al-Qaeda after the death of Osama Bin Laden
37
Taliban
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Sunni Islamic Fundamentalist political movement and military organization of Afghanistan
38
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi
Jordanian jihadist who ran a terrorist training camp in Afghanistan
39
Raqqa
Capital of the ISIS in Syria
40
Abu Bakr Al Bagdadi
Iraqi born leader of ISIS Killed less than 2 months ago in October, 2019
41
Caliph
The leader of a caliphate (Islamic state) Successor to Prophet Muhammad and a leader of the Ummah
42
Jihad
In Islam it means a struggle Islamic fundamentalist terrorist have used is as a fight against the enemies of Islam as a way to justify their terrorist activities
43
War
Condition rising within states (civil war) or between states (inter-state war) when actors use violent means to destroy rivals or coarse them into submission
44
Eros
Freudian concept of mans impulse to love and create
45
Thanatos
Freudian concept of mans impulse to kill and destroy
46
Democratic peace theory
Democratic states do not go to war with other democratic states
47
Security Community (K. Deutsch)
One made up of 2 or more states where war has disappeared as a means of resolving disputes among them Ex: Us and Canada or France and Germany
48
“New Wars” (M. Kaldor)
War in the post Cold War era Characterized by violence between a combination of state and non-state networks War of identity politics, political control of population
49
Inside out War
No clue
50
Arab
People from the Arabian peninsula and neighboring territories - Middle East and Northern Africa
51
Three Kims
Kim IL- Sung (1945-1994) Kim Jong- IL (1994-2011) Kim Jong- Un (2011-Present) Dynasty of rulers in North Korea
52
Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
International treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, to promote cooperation in peaceful use of nuclear power Overseen by the UN’s International Atomic Energy Agency
53
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit the use for any military purposes including nuclear weapons
54
Agreed Framework (1994)
North Korea agreed to freeze the development of nuclear adapters in exchange for 2 light nuclear reactors The US agreed to give N. Korea fuel for energy needs if N. More would adhere to the NPT treaty
55
“Axis of Evil”
Phrase used by President George W Bush to describe foreign governments that sponsored terrorism and sought weapons of mass destruction Ex: North Korea
56
Six Party Talks
S. Korea, Japan, Russia, US, N.Korea and China aimed to find peaceful resolution to N.Koreas nuclear weapons program N.Korea committed to give up arms, join NOT, agree to inspections by IAEA if they were given energy for N.Koreas light-water adaptors, if US + S.Korea didn’t not place nuclear adaptors on Koreas peninsula, if US would remove economic sanctions from N.Korea
57
Compellence
Set of actions or positions that force an opponent to take some action desired by the initial actor Ability to coerce another nation into doing an action
58
Deterrence
Actions are intended to prevent an opponent from taking some action
59
“Regime Change”
Replacement of one government regime with another
60
Preemptive attack
Attack state’s military bc you believe attack against you is imminent Illegal under international law
61
Preventive attack
Struck against a state’s military bc the state could be a danger to you if left alone
62
Summit
Meeting involving leaders of countries Special meeting bc there is one to one negotiations
63
Singapore Summit (2018)
Summit btwn N.Korea’s Dictator Kim Jong-Un and the U.S’s President Donald Trump in Singapore US goals: get N.Korea to give up nuclear weapons and stop their long range missile tests N.Korea goals: get US to life strict economic sanctions and end state of war between US + N.Korea Unsuccessful
64
Hanoi Sumit (2019)
Summit btwn N.Korea’s Dictator Kim Jong-Un and the U.S’s President Donald Trump in Vietnam No agreement unsuccessful
65
International Law
Body of rules and principles which are created to govern the relations among and between states and between states and individuals and states and other non-state actors
66
Bilateral treaties
Treaties between 2 nations
67
Multilateral treaties
Treaties between 2 or more nations
68
Convention
Pre-cursor to actual treaty
69
Collective security
Operative principle among states that an attack on one is an attack on all and will be met with a collective response
70
Pacta Sunt Servanda
Treaties must be obeyed and price to pay for a nation that disregards its responsibility
71
Continental shelf
The stretch of seabed adjacent to the shores of a particular country to which it belongs
72
World Court or International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Judicial organ of UN Settles international legal disputes submitted by states and gives advisory opinions on legal issues referred to it by the UN
73
International Criminal Court (ICC)
Set up to prosecute and punish people who did war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity
74
Fatou Bensouda (Gambia)
International criminal court prosecutor
75
Omar al Bashir
Former President of Sudan deposed in a coup Dictatorship full of oppression, genocide, and human rights abuses Prosecuted and punished by international criminal court
76
Marshall Plan
After World War II, the United States gave economic aid to Western Europe to help rebuild their economies
77
Imperial overstretch (P. Kennedy)
Decline of great powers because international commitment over reached their economic capabilities
78
G-7
International intergovernmental economic organization consisting of the 7 largest IMF advanced economies in the world: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the U.K., the US
79
G-8
Same as G7 but addition of Russia In 2014, Russia was kicked out after its invasion of Crimea
80
G-20
International forum for the governments from 19 countries and the European Union
81
GATT Final Agreement (1994) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trafe
Set of multilateral trade agreements at the abolition of quotas and the reduction of tariffs among the joined nations
82
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the regulation of international trade between nations
83
NTBs
No clue
84
CAFTA
Free trade agreement between the US, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica
85
APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Intergovernmental forum for 20 nations and Hong Kong to promote free trade Eliminate all trade barriers by 2020
86
Mercantilist
Political-economic perspective that views international trade in zero sum

Saher (7 decks)

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