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International Relations Test 4 > International Relations > Flashcards

International Relations Flashcards

1
Q

tribalism

A

an outdated term used by Westerners to refer to groups of indigenous people in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

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2
Q

Ethnic Group

A

A group composed of individuals who generally share a sense of common identity based on factors such as a common culture, geographic location, and religious beliefs.

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3
Q

Identity

A

A conception of the self; a selection of physical, psychological, emotional, or social attributes of particular individuals

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4
Q

Ethnic Pluralism

A

The presence of many different groups within a specific geographical boundary

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5
Q

Murahaleen

A

Militiamen on horseback

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6
Q

Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA)

A

Sudan People’s Liberation Army; formed to achieve a secular democratic Sudan

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7
Q

indirect rule

A

A governmental system, often implemented by colonists, that allows the people to maintain their institutions, language, culture, and economic systems

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8
Q

Biafra

A

The Ibo region that declared its independence from Nigeria

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9
Q

American Colonization Society

A

An American group that supported Africans’ return to Africa

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10
Q

Americo-Liberians

A

The name free slaves gave themselves once they landed in Liberia

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11
Q

William Tolbert

A

The Americo-Liberian president who was overthrown by Samuel K. Doe

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12
Q

animism

A

The religious practice of worshiping animals, rocks, plants, and other similar objects

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13
Q

trans-Sahara slave trade

A

A trade in which Arab counties enslaved Africans from the south of the sahara

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14
Q

abed

A

a term meaning slave

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15
Q

shaheed

A

An Arabic term for martyr

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16
Q

Tutsis and Hutus

A

Two main ethnic groups in Rwanda

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17
Q

Racial theories

A

The theories that people are superior based on their race or what skin color they have

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18
Q

Jawaharlal Nehru

A

Leader of the Congress Party in India

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19
Q

Ali Jinnah

A

Leader of the Muslim League that founded Pakistan

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20
Q

Sikhs’ Golden Temple

A

The place most sacred to the Sikhs

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21
Q

Uighur separatists

A

A minority group in China

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22
Q

Halabja

A

A kurdish village against which Saddam Hussein used poisonous gas

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23
Q

Kurdish Workers Party

A

Movement for Kurdish independence

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24
Q

Abdullah Ocaian

A

Leader of the Kurdish Workers Party

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25
Q

Shining Path

A

A peruvian rebel movement that was formed by university professors and students who subscribed to the philosophy of Mao Zedong

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26
Q

Chiapas

A

A southern state in Mexico

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27
Q

San Andres Accords

A

An agreement that granted land and legal rights to the indigenous population of Mexico

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28
Q

Power-sharing arrangements

A

Arrangements that divide political power among different ethnic groups

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29
Q

federalism

A

The sharing of power between the central government and the states or provinces

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30
Q

Sinhalese and Tamils

A

Two main ethnic groups in Sri Lanka

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31
Q

Veddah

A

The Native people of Sri Lanka

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32
Q

United National Party

A

United the SInhalese and Tamils

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33
Q

Sri Lanka Freedom Party

A

Stressed Sinhalese separatism

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34
Q

Indo-Sri Lankan Agreement

A

An effort to end the conflict

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35
Q

Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga

A

Sri Lanka’s president

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36
Q

unitary system

A

A system of government in which power is centralized

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37
Q

federal system

A

A system of government in which power is shared among different levels of government

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38
Q

migration

A

the movement from one place to another

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39
Q

migrant

A

A person who moves from one country or area to another country or location

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40
Q

refugee

A

A migrant who lives outside of his or her country but is unable or unwilling to return because of persecution

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41
Q

displaced person

A

someone who has been forced to leave his or her home because of violence, conflict, persecution, or natural disaster, but has not crossed an international border

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42
Q

immigrant

A

someone who goes from a foreign country to become a permanent resident

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43
Q

transcontinental migration

A

The movement of persons from one continent to another

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44
Q

rural-to-rural migration

A

The movement of people from one rural area to another

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45
Q

rural-to-urban migration

A

The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas; the most dominant pattern of migration

46
Q

urban-to-rural migration

A

The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas

47
Q

seasonal migration

A

The movement of people from one area to another because of seasonal demand for labor

48
Q

push factors

A

the factors that motivate people to leave their homes, such as human rights violations, violence, and political instability

49
Q

Pull Factors

A

The factors that motivate people to leave their homes, such as employment opportunities, higher wages, and educational opportunities

50
Q

Overpopulation

A

Extreme population growth that threatens resources and causes overcrowding

51
Q

underpopulation

A

occurs when there is a strong decline in the population growth rate

52
Q

competitive exclusion

A

A major cause of migration; occurs when land is taken by large agro-export companies

53
Q

Cultural Revolution

A

A systematic effort to destroy everything that challenged communism in China

54
Q

Forced Migration

A

The act of evicting those who are hostile to the government

55
Q

Spark Plan

A

An effort to modernize rural Chinese industries through technological innovations

56
Q

global cities

A

Cities such as New York and Chicago that enable immigrants to blend in and become low-wage workers

57
Q

Mexican-American War

A

Lasted from 1846-1848

58
Q

Policy of assimilation

A

A french policy that allowed residents of French Colonies to gain citizenship and migrate freely to France

59
Q

Jean-Marie Le Pen

A

French politician who strongly opposes immigration from the developing world to France

60
Q

Berlin Wall

A

A wall that formerly separated East Germany from West Germany

61
Q

Gastarbeiter Rotation System

A

A German system that allowed foreign workers or guest workers to stay in Germany for 1 to 3 years and then return to their home countries

62
Q

brain drain

A

the migration of highly educated and trained people from poor countries to rich countries

63
Q

brain overflow

A

Inability of poor countries to use highly trained individuals

64
Q

remittances

A

Money that migrant workers send back to their families or countries

65
Q

maquiladoras

A

Export factories in which the Mexican government invests

66
Q

electoral votes

A

the votes that actually elect the president of the United States

67
Q

Great Depression

A

Led to the deportation of Mexican Workers

68
Q

Bracero Program

A

Allowed Mexican workers to temporarily migrate to the United States

69
Q

Study of International Relations

A

The study of the interactions among countries of states

70
Q

sovereignty

A

A country’s control over its internal affairs and external relations

71
Q

Peace of Westphalia

A

Ended the Thirty Years’ War in 1648

72
Q

national interest

A

A set of goals essential or beneficial toa country’s survival, status, and economic prosperity

73
Q

cultural ties

A

common values, family ties, and historical experiences shape foreign policy

74
Q

foreign policy instruments

A

A combination of military power, diplomacy and economic might

75
Q

Policy of nonalignment

A

Policy of not being formally allied with the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War

76
Q

Al Qaeda

A

Terrorist group headed by Osama bin Laden

77
Q

Mujahedeen

A

Holy Warriors

78
Q

Devaluation of the Currency

A

Devaluation occurs when a country’s currency loses monetary value and its people have to spend more money to purchase the same amounts of products

79
Q

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

A

Formed in 1960 to counteract the power of the oil companies

80
Q

Airbus

A

A European consortium that sold passenger jets to Libya

81
Q

Haile Selassie

A

Ethiopia’s leader

82
Q

Group of 77

A

A political and economic coalition formed by developing countries

83
Q

The Treaty of Rome

A

Fostered European Economic and political integration

84
Q

economies of scale

A

The relationship between output and costs

85
Q

regional economic development banks

A

regional banks and loan instituions that are modeled after the world Bank

86
Q

Organization of American States (OAS)

A

Created in 1948 and composed of Latin American and Caribbean countries, the US and Canada

87
Q

Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

A

Founded in1967 to promote economic and cultural cooperation in Southeast Asia

88
Q

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

A

Formed in 1985 to promoted regional economic development in South Asia

89
Q

Seven Sisters

A

The name given to seven large oil companies that contorlled most of the world’s oil until the mid 1950’s

90
Q

Mercosur

A

Economic bloc in South America

91
Q

Organization of African Unity (OAU)

A

Founded in 1963 to promote African solidarity and independence

92
Q

African Union

A

Replaced the OAU in 2002

93
Q

Mahtma Gandhi

A

Used nonviolent strategies in both South Africa and India to effectuate change

94
Q

Instrument of Accession

A

An agreement between India and the leader of Kashmir that gave India jurisdiction over Kashmir’s external affairs, dense, and communications

95
Q

Arab League

A

An organization that was created to promote cultural and economic cooperation

96
Q

Six Day War

A

Israel seized Arab territories in 1967

97
Q

Anwar Sadat

A

Egyptian leader who made peace with Isreal

98
Q

Knesset

A

The Israeli parliament

99
Q

Camp David Accords

A

An agreement between Egypt and Israel that ended their hostilities and granted the return of seized Egyptian land

100
Q

New International Economic Order (NIEO)

A

Alliances of Latin American countries to project their power beyond the region

101
Q

Contadora Group

A

A group formed in 1983 to find a paceful solution to the conflicts in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras

102
Q

War on Drugs

A

Launched by President Ronald Reagan to keep illegal drugs out of the United States

103
Q

Helms-Burton Law

A

A law that called for American sanctions against foreign companies deemed to be using property that U.S. citizens claimed was confiscated by Cuba

104
Q

Opium Wars

A

Britain fought china to maintain the lucrative British trade in opium

105
Q

Chinese Communist Party

A

Controls China

106
Q

Mao Zedong

A

Founder of Chinese communism and leader of China

107
Q

ping-pong diplomacy

A

A diplomatic initiative that sent an American ping-pong team to China in 1971

108
Q

Shanghai Joint Communique

A

A 1972 declaration of single China

109
Q

Taiwan Relations Act

A

An act passed by Congress that reaffirmed the U.S. commitment to Taiwan’s security

110
Q

foreign policies

A

Decisions influenced by a combination of factors

International Relations Test 4 (1 decks)

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