Internment and Bloody Sunday

Question 1

what was the nationalists initial reaction to the army arriving in NI?

Answer 1

positive - welcomed them often with tea and biscuits

saw army as protectors against the RUC violence/sectarianism

Question 2

how did Nationalists react to the 34 hour curfew?

Answer 2

negative - increased membership to the IRA ‘political disaster’

Question 3

what was the 34 hour curfew?

Answer 3

34 hour curfew to search for weapons

Question 4

how did the Nationalists react to Internment?

Answer 4

hostile towards the army - felt internment discriminated against them

Question 5

when did Brian Faulkner become NI’s PM?

Answer 5

20th March 1971

Question 6

why did Chichester-Clark resign from the post of NI PM?

Answer 6

in despair at London’s inaction to the levels of violence and destruction of NI

Question 7

when was Internment put in place?

Answer 7

9th August 19971

Question 8

what was the code name for Internment?

Answer 8

Operation Demetrius

Question 9

how did Internment fail?

Answer 9

increased PIRA membership
no leading members of PIRA arrested
out of date intelligence

Question 10

when was the first loyalist paramilitary interned?

Answer 10

1973

Question 11

how did Unionists react to Internment?

Answer 11

at first supported because
believed it had worked in the past
essential in ending PIRA violence especially against Protestant businesses
internees could help with location of IRA weapons

Question 12

how did nationalists react to Internment?

Answer 12

opposed internment because they thought it discriminated against them, and they were being targeted

Question 13

how did the SDLP react to Internment?

Answer 13

planned to get internment to end by calling for people to stop paying rents and rates

Question 14

how did NICRA react to Internment?

Answer 14

marches in protest

Question 15

who established the SDLP and when?

Answer 15

August 1970 led by Gerry Fitt

Question 16

what was the SDLP’s aims?

Answer 16

sought political reforms within NI and eventually a UI

Question 17

when was Bloody Sunday?

Answer 17

30th January 1972

Question 18

how did Bloody sunday start?

Answer 18

NICRA march against internment

Question 19

how many people were shot dead on Bloody Sunday?

Answer 19

13 by the army’s parachute regiment

Question 20

what did the Widgery Inquiry confirm?

Answer 20

confirmed that none of the men killed during Bloody Sunday had been carrying a weapon

Question 21

how did Unionists react to Bloody Sunday?

Answer 21

continued support for government
believed IRA was involved in organising the march and some of those that had been killed had been armed
formation of Ulster Vanguard in February 1972 led by William Craig - coordinating body for traditional loyalist groups
regretted deaths, but saw march as illegal and provocative

Question 22

how did Nationalists react to Bloody Sunday?

Answer 22

believed all victims were innocent and parachute parachute regiment attacked unprovoked

Question 23

what did Faulkner demand of Westminster and how did Heath respond?

Answer 23

the power to rearm the RUC and re-establish the ‘B’ Specials, Heath responded by demanding control of law and order and justice, Faulkner refused.

Question 24

what was the date of the London Talks?

Answer 24

22nd March 1972

Question 25

what were the proposed changes of the London Talks?

Answer 25

transfer of security control to Westminster referendum on the future of the border gradual removal of internment a Secretary of state for NI talks with other parties in NI to establish a 'community government'

Question 26

who was the first secretary of state for NI?

Answer 26

William Whitelaw

Question 27

how did the NI gov react the London Talks?

Answer 27

entire gov resigned in protest as they couldn't accept the loss of control over security

Question 28

how did the UK gov respond to NI's entire gov resigning in protest?

Answer 28

24th March, Heath responded by suspending Stormont for a year (later extended) and introducing direct rule.

Question 29

how did Unionists and Loyalist paramilitaries react to Direct Rule?

Answer 29

most unionists horrified at the end of stormont, they'd seen it as a barrier against a UI. strikes and shutdowns organised by Ulster Vanguard increase of support for Loyalist paramilitaries and spate of sectarian killings, and support for DUP

Question 30

when was the DUP set up?

Answer 30

30th September 1971

Question 31

who set up the DUP?

Answer 31

Ian Paisley?

Question 32

how did Nationalists react to Direct Rule?

Answer 32

not very upset about the end of Stormont | SDLP and Dublin gov welcomed chances for a new beginning

Question 33

how did PIRA react to Direct Rule?

Answer 33

achieved one of it's aims in the ed of Stormont, but didn't like direct rule and announced determination to continue its attempt to achieve a UI

Question 34

how did NICRA react to Direct Rule?

Answer 34

said it would continue its campaign for civil rights