Interpretation Of Statutes

Question 1

Factors of interpretation

Answer 1

Primary rules
Secondary rules
Internal aids
External aids

Question 2

Primary rules

Answer 2

1. Literal construction
2. Reasonable construction
3. Harmonious construction
4. Hydens case
5. Beneficial construction
6. Exceptional
7. Ejusdem genesis

Question 3

Secondary rules

Answer 3

1. Noscitur A Sociis
2. Contemporanea expositioest

Question 4

Internal aids

Answer 4

1. Long title
2. Preamble
3. Heading & title of chapter
4. Marginal notes
5. Definitions
   - exhaustive
   - inclusive
   - ambiguous
6. Illustrations
7. Proviso
8. Explanation
9. Schedules
10. Statutes should be read as whole

Question 5

External aids

Answer 5

1. Historical settling
2. Previous laws/ consolidated laws
3. Usage
4. Earlier & later
5. Dictionary definition
6. Foreign decisions

Question 6

3 rules of interpretation

Answer 6

• literal
• Golden
• Mischief