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Neuromuscular Control > Interventions For Weakness (2) > Flashcards

Interventions For Weakness (2) Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What are impairments that come along with neuromuscular dysfunctions?

A

Alterations in muscle tone

Impaired sensation

Cognition/communication impaired

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2
Q

What is weakness more than?

A

Muscle atrophy

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3
Q

Does strengthening increase spasticity?

A

No

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4
Q

What is the structural component of strengthening?

A

Stiffness

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5
Q

What is the neural component of strengthening?

A

Recruitment and timing

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6
Q

Should people with neurological disorders participate in strength training?

A

Yes

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7
Q

What should be incorporated with strength training in neurological disorders?

A

Task specificity

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8
Q

What changes with strength training in neurological disorders?

A

Cortical excitability

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9
Q

Why are fewer motor neurons activated with increased strength training?

A

Due to enhanced efficacy of synapses

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10
Q

What does strength training do to motor unit recruitment?

A

Improves it

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11
Q

What does continued challenge to neuromuscular system cause?

A

Adapt and facilitate optimal recovery

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12
Q

What are the secondary strength impairments?

A

Atrophy

Loss of ROM

Contractures

Decreased endurance

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13
Q

What is the 5D practice pattern?

A

Non progressive disorders of CNS (TBI and stroke)

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14
Q

What is the 5E practice pattern?

A

Progressive disorders of CNS (MS, Parkinson’s, and ALS)

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15
Q

What is the 5G practice pattern?

A

Acute or chronic polyneuropathies (GBS)

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16
Q

What is the 5H practice pattern?

A

Non progressive disorders of spinal cord (SCI)

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17
Q

Where does weakness generally occur post stroke?

A

Distal with flexion and extension affected equally

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18
Q

What does stroke cause to happen to muscles?

A

Reduced force generation and slowness in force production (excessive sense of effort and rapid fatigue)

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19
Q

Where is the most struggle in muscle activation post stroke?

A

Shortened ROM of muscles especially with increased velocity (compensate by functioning in midrange - bend knees so quads are not fully shortened)

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20
Q

What type of contraction is most preserved post stroke?

A

Eccentric

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21
Q

What are the motor unit deficits post stroke?

A

Reduced number of motor units

Increased motor unit innervation ratios

Impaired firing rate regulation

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22
Q

What are the muscle fiber changes post stroke?

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A

Disuse atrophy after 4-6 weeks

Type 2 fiber selective atrophy

Increased % of type 1 fibers

23
Q

Why does weakness occur in TBIs?

Study These Flashcards
A

Central neural activation deficits with impaired ability to activate motor units

24
Q

Why does weakness occur in MS?

Study These Flashcards
A

Disruption of spinal pathways to motor unit pool (muscle fatigue and reduced force production)

25
What is Parkinson’s more so about rather than weakness?
Initiation, timing, and sequencing
26
What is Parkinson’s impacted by?
Changes in muscle tone
27
What occurs in GBS?
LMN presentation (distal to proximal weakness symmetrically)
28
What occurs in ALS?
UMN and LMN presentation (effects hand/trunk first)
29
What occurs in myasthenia gravis?
LMN presentation (affects high use muscles first)
30
What occurs in post polio syndrome?
LMN presentation (prone to overuse)
31
What occurs in charcot Marie tooth?
Hereditary LMN presentation (progressive wasting)
32
What makes for most transfer of increased strength to increased function?
Specificity of training
33
What should be combined with strength training in MS?
Aerobic training to improve fitness, function, and QOL
34
How should strength training occur in those with mild to moderate MS?
2x a week at moderate intensity
35
How should strength training occur in those with moderate or severe MS?
Maintain strength and prevent decline
36
When should you not strength train in GBS?
While progressive it is contraindicated
37
How should you incorporate strength training in GBS once they are stable?
Progress from active assist to active to resistive
38
Why should you train affected muscles in ALS?
They are impacted by spasticity
39
How should you train muscles that are not yet affected in ALS?
Submaximal strengthening
40
What are the muscles that are key to prevent weakness in ALS?
Posture and respiration muscles
41
When should you not strengthen in myasthenia gravis?
During active crisis
42
How should you strengthen in myasthenia gravis?
Maintenance of non affected areas and strengthening affected areas post crisis
43
How do you train muscle that are 4+/5 in post polio syndrome?
Moderate to vigorous exercise
44
How do you train muscle that are 3+ to 4/5 in post polio syndrome?
Exercise cautiously
45
How do you train muscle that are 3 or below in post polio syndrome?
Stretching and protection (no resistance)
46
How should strengthening occur in those with charcot Marie tooth?
Strengthening above affected area and compensations
47
What is the key thing we need to look out for when training in most people with neuromuscular disorders?
Overuse and fatigue
48
What are the types of interventions done to help weakness in neurological disorders?
NMES Electromyographic feedback PNF Progressive resistive exercise Isokinetic exercise Task specific strength training
49
What does electromyographic feedback best help do?
Train the timing of muscle contraction (very weak muscles)
50
What should intensity be at for strength training in neurological disorders?
60-80%
51
How should NMES be used for neurological disorders?
Very weak muscles (make functional if possible)
52
How should progressive resistive exercise be used for neurological disorders?
Focus on quality (3+/5 strength is best)
53
How should isokinetic be used for neurological disorders?
Teach how to safely use for progressing to independent
54
How should aquatics be used for neurological disorders?
Supported movement Can offer resistance and input Finish task on ground

Neuromuscular Control (42 decks)

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