intestinal protozoa

Question 1

-Single-cell eukaryotic organisms
-Feeds on organic matter like bacteria and tissue
debris
-forms cyts and tropozoite

Answer 1

protozoa

Question 2

classification of intestinal protozoa

Answer 2

sarcodina, flagellates, ciliates, heterokonts

Question 3

-Feeding vegetative stage
- Has pseudopods, flagella or
cilia for locomotion

Answer 3

tropozoites

Question 4

-Infective stage
- Resistant to environmental
changes

Answer 4

cyts

Question 5

morphology of E. histolytica tropozoite
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 5

-Size: 12- 35um
- Movement: Unidirectional,
progressive
- Pseudopods: finger-like or
knife-like
- Chromatin: Regular, fine, even distributed chromatin
pattern
- Nucleus: Small & centrally located karyosome
- Cytoplasm: Finely granular
- Inclusions: Ingested RBC, bacteria with scanty
vacuoles

Question 6

morphology of E. histolytica cyts
size:
nucleus:
chromatin:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 6

-Size: 12-15um
- Nucleus: quadrinucleated (1-4)
- Chromatin: Regular, fine, even
distributed
- Cytoplasm: Finely granular
- Inclusions: cigar shaped (chromatoid bar)

Question 7

morphology of E. coli trophozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 7

-Size: 12- 20um
- Movement: Non-motile,
sluggish
- Pseudopods: blunt and
granular
- Chromatin: Thick, unevenly
distributed peripheral
chromatin
- Nucleus: large eccentric karyosome
- Cytoplasm: Coarse granular, vacuolated
- Inclusions: bacteria with numerous
vacuoles

Question 8

morphology of E. coli cyts
size:
nucleus:
chromatin:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 8

-Size: 12-15um
- Nucleus: 5-8 nuclei
- Chromatin: Thick, unevenly distributed
- Cytoplasm: Coarse granular
- Inclusions: needle-shape chromatoidal
bars with splintered ends, diffuse
glycogen mass (appears red in iodine)

Question 9

morphology of E. hartmanni trophozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 9

-Size: 4-10um
- Movement: sluggish
- Pseudopods: finger-like or
knife-like
- Chromatin: Regular, fine,
even distributed chromatin
pattern
- Nucleus: Small & centrally located
karyosome
- Cytoplasm: Finely granular
- Inclusions: bacteria with scanty
vacuoles

Question 10

morphology of E. hartmanni cyts
size:
nucleus:
chromatin:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 10

• Size: 5-10um
• Nucleus: 1-4 nuclei
• Chromatin: Fine & evenly distributed
• Cytoplasm: Fine granular
• Inclusions: short grain or grape-like chromatoidal bars

Question 11

morphology of Iodamoeba butschlii tropozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 11

-Size: 10-15um
- Movement: sluggish
- Pseudopods: blunt
finger-like
- Chromatin: Regular, fine,
even distributed
chromatin pattern
- Nucleus: Large & centrally located
karyosome
- Cytoplasm: Granular and vacuolated
- Inclusions: bacteria with scanty
vacuoles

Question 12

morphology of Iodamoeba butschlii cyts
size:
nucleus:
chromatin:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 12

-Size: 8-10um
- Nucleus: 1 only
- Chromatin: Absent
- Cytoplasm: Coarsely granular and vacuolated
cytoplasm, eccentric achromatic granules on one side
- Inclusions: large glycogen vacuole that stains well with
iodine

Question 13

morphology of Endolimax nana trophozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 13

-Size: 8-10 um
- Movement: sluggish
- Pseudopods: blunt and
numerous
- Chromatin: Absent
- Nucleus: Large, central,
irregular,
“blotlike” karyosome
- Cytoplasm: Granular
- Inclusions: bacteria with
scanty vacuoles

Question 14

morphology of Endolimax nana cyts
size:
nucleus:
chromatin:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 14

• Size: 8-10um
• Nucleus: 1-4 with blot-like karyosome
• Chromatin: No peripheral chromatin
• Cytoplasm: Granular and vacuolated
• Inclusions: no glycogen vacuole, mostly granules

Question 15

morphology of Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 15

• Size: 6-15 um
• Movement: non-motile
• Pseudopods: propeller-blade like
• Chromatin: Evenly distributed
• Nucleus: Single with granulated karyosome
• Cytoplasm: Granular
• Inclusions: bacteria

Question 16

does D. fragilis and E. gingivalis have cyts stage?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

morphology of Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoites
size:
movement:
pseudopods:
chromatin:
nucleus:
cytoplasm:
inclusions:

Answer 17

• Size: 8-15 um
• Movement: moderately progressive
• Pseudopods: blunt
• Chromatin: Evenly-distributed
• Nucleus: Large central karyosome
• Cytoplasm: Granular
• Inclusions: leukocyte, epithelial cells, rbc, bacteria

Question 18

morphology of Giardia lamblia trophozoites

Answer 18

-Old man with eye glasses; bilaterally
symmetrical
- Pyriform or teardrop shaped
- Two nuclei with large karyosome
- Four pairs of flagella
- Two median bodies, 2 axonemes & 2 sucking disk
- Falling leaf motility

Question 19

morphology of Giardia lamblia cyts

Answer 19

• Ovoid
• 4 nuclei and median body
• Central karyosome
• Cytoplasm retracted from cells wall
• Interior flagellar structures

Question 20

morphology of Chilomastix mesnili trophozoites
size:
shape:
flagella:
inclusion:

Answer 20

-Size: 10-15um
- Pear-shaped
- Stiff rotary motility
- Flagella:
o 3 from anterior
o 1 from cytosome
region
- Inclusion: Prominent cytosome; spiral
groove

Question 21

morphology of Chilomastix mesnili cyts
size:
nucleus:
shape:

Answer 21

-Size: 6-8 um
- 1 nucleus
- Lemon shaped with
clear hyaline knob

Question 22

morphology of Trichomonas hominis trophozoites
Habitat:  
Size: 
Nucleus: 
Undulation membrane: 
Inclusion bodies: 
Specimen for diagnosis:

Answer 22

• Habitat: intestines
• Size: medium
• Nucleus: ovoid
• Undulation membrane: as long as the costa
• Inclusion bodies: none
• Specimen for diagnosis: stool

Question 23

morphology of Trichomonas tenax trophozoites
Habitat:  
Size: 
Nucleus: 
Undulation membrane: 
Inclusion bodies: 
Specimen for diagnosis:

Answer 23

• Habitat: Oral Cavity
• Size: smallest
• Nucleus: round
• Undulation membrane: 2/3 of the costa
• Inclusion bodies: none
• Specimen for diagnosis: oral scrapings

Question 24

morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites
Habitat:  
Size: 
Nucleus: 
Undulation membrane: 
Inclusion bodies: 
Specimen for diagnosis:

Answer 24

-Habitat: genitals
- Size: largest
- Nucleus: ovoid
- Undulation membrane:
less than half of the costa
- Inclusion bodies: siderophil granules
- Specimen for diagnosis: urine, vaginal
discharge, prostatic secretions

Question 25

``` morphology of B. coli cyst no. of nuclei: shape of nuclei: vacuoles: wall: location of cilia: ```

Answer 25

``` -Two nuclei: o Kidney shape macronucleus o Small spherical micronucleus - 1-2 contractile vacuoles - Double cyst wall - Row of cilia between cyst wall layers ```

Question 26

``` morphology of Balantidium coli trophozoites movements: no. of nuclei: shape of nuclei: vacuoles: does the cytostome present or absent? does it have numerous bristles ```

Answer 26

-Motility: Rapid non-directional - 2 nuclei: o Kidney shape macronucleus o Small spherical micronucleus - 1-2 contractile vacuoles - Food vacuoles, bacteria - Cytostome present - Numerous bristles

Question 27

``` morphology of Blastocystis hominis trophozoites size: shape: color: inclusions: ```

Answer 27

-Size: 5-10um - Shape: spherical to ameboid - Color: Refractile but stained with iodine - Inclusions: large central vacuole with peripheral nucleus and cytoplasm