Intrinsic Back Muscles

Question 0

Intermediate layers of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 0

Erector Spinae

Iliocostalis,Longissimus, Spinalis

Question 1

Superficial layer of Intrinsic back muscles?

Answer 1

Splenius

Question 2

Deep layer of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 2

Semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)
Mutlifidus
Rotatores (brevis, longus)

Question 3

Minor deep layer of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 3

Interspinales
Intertransversarii
Levatores Costarum

Question 4

Suboccipital Region Muscles

Answer 4

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Obliquus Capitis Superior

Question 5

Splenius

Origin, Insertion

Answer 5

Origin: arises from nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6
Insert:
Splenius Capitis: mastoid process and lateral third of superior nuchal line
Splenius Cervicis: tubercles of transverse process of C1-C3 or C4

Question 6

Splenius

Nerve and action

Answer 6

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action:
Alone: laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles
Together: extend head and neck

Question 7

Iliocostalis
Origin
Insertion
3 parts

Answer 7

Origin: posterior iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments
Inserts: lumborum, thoracis, cervicis
superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

Question 8

Iliocostalis
nerve
action

Answer 8

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerves
Action:
Bilaterally: extend, control movement by gradually lengthening fibers
Unilaterally: lateral flexion

Question 9

Longissimus
Origin
Insertion
parts

Answer 9

Origin: iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament
Insert: (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) superiorly to ribs between tubercles& angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions to mastoid process

Question 10

Longissimus
Nerve
Action

Answer 10

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action:
Bilat: extension and controlling movement by gradually lengthening fibers
Unilat: lateral flexion

Question 11

Spinalis
Origin
Insert

Answer 11

Origin: iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous and supraspinous ligament
Insert: (thoracis, cervicis, capitis): run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region to cranium

Question 12

Spinalis
Nerve
Action

Answer 12

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action:
Bilat: extension, control movement gradual lengthening their fibers
Unilat: lateral flexion

Question 13

Semispinalis
origin
insert
parts

Answer 13

Origin: transverse process of C4-T10
Insert: occipital bone, spinous process in upper thoracic and cervical regions
Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis

Question 14

Seminspinalis
Nerve
Action

Answer 14

Nerve: Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Action: extends head, thoracic, cervical regions, rotates contralaterally

Question 15

Mutlifidus
Origin
Insert

Answer 15

Origin: Posterior sacrum, post. sup. iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary process, transverse process (T1-T3) articular process (C4-C7)
Insert: superomedially entire lenght of spinous process of vertebrae

Question 16

Multifidis
Nerve
Action

Answer 16

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action:
Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral sides, stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

Question 17

Rotatores
Origin
Insert
Part

Answer 17

Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae (best developed thoracic region)
Insert: junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of immediate (brevis) or 2 segments superior to vertebrae (longus)

Question 18

Rotatores
Nerve
Action

Answer 18

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action: proprioception, stabilize vertebrae, assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column

Question 19

Interspinales
origin
inster

Answer 19

Origin: superior surface of spinous process of cervical and lumbar
Insert: inferior spinous process of vertebrae superior to vertebrae origin

Question 20

Interspinales
nerve
action

Answer 20

Nerve: posterior rami of spinal nerve
Action: extension, rotation

Question 21

Intertransversarii
Origin
Insertion

Answer 21

Origin: transverse process of cervical and lumbar vertebrae
Insert: transverse process of adjacent vertebrae

Question 22

Intertransversarii
Nerve
Action

Answer 22

Nerve: posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerve
Action: lateral flexion
Bilat: stabilize vertebral column

Question 23

Levatores Costarum
Origin
Insert

Answer 23

Origin: tips of transverse processes of C7-T11
Insert: pass inferiorly and insert on ribs between its tubercle and angle

Question 24

Levatores Costarum nerve action

Answer 24

Nerve: posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal nerves Action: elevate ribs, lateral flexion

Question 25

Suboccipital Triangle

Answer 25

Rectus Capitis Posterior: Major and Minor | Obliquus Capitis: Superior and Inferior

Question 26

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Answer 26

Origin: spinous process of C2 (axis) Insert: lateral part of inferior nuchal line Action: extension and rotation Nerve: suboccipital nerve

Question 27

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Answer 27

Origin: posterior tubercle of C1 (atlas) Insert: medial third of inferior nuchal line Action: extension Nerve: suboccipital nerve

Question 28

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Answer 28

Origin: spinous process of C2 (axis) Insert: transverse process of C1 (atlas) Action: rotates atlas Nerve: suboccipital nerve

Question 29

Olbiquus Posterior Superior

Answer 29

Origin: transverse process of C1 Insert: between superior and inferior nuchal line Action: extension and bends head laterally Nerve: suboccipital nerve