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Fungi > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Organisms with membrane-bound organelles and a self-contained nucleus

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2
Q

Taxonomy

A

Science of classification of species

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3
Q

Taxon

A

Any group of organisms with a formal name

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4
Q

Monophyletic taxon

A

Group of organisms that includes their most recent common ancestor and all its descendants

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5
Q

Polyphyletic taxon

A

Group of organisms in which the most recent common ancestor is not included

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6
Q

Phylogeny

A

Science evolutionary relationships

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7
Q

Characteristics of fungi

A

Heterotrophic, chitin cell wall, hyphae, eukaryotic, glycogen as main carbon storage, produce spores, terrestrial

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8
Q

Protist

A

Eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus

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9
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

Symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another

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10
Q

Primary endosymbiosis

A

Free-living photosynthetic cyanobacterium engulfed by protist

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11
Q

Secondary endosymbiosis

A

Free-living eukaryotic algae engulfed by protist

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12
Q

Cyanobacteria

A

Phylum of gram-negative prokaryotic bacteria that photosynthesize

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13
Q

Prokaryote

A

Cell lacking nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

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14
Q

Morphological species concept

A

Identification based on macro/microscopic characteristics

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15
Q

Cryptic species

A

Look similar but not related

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16
Q

Biological species concept

A

Species defined as interbreeding populations usually reproductively isolated

17
Q

Ecological species concept

A

Species defined by ecological role, mode of nutrition, behaviour, interactions

18
Q

Evolutionary/phylogenetic species concept

A

Based on DNA sequences, with similar sequences implying close evolutionary relationship

19
Q

DNA barcoding

A

Use of DNA sequence from a signature region of the genome to make species-level identifications

20
Q

DNA barcode

A

Standardized short sequence of DNA that is common to all species

21
Q

Internal transcribed spacer

A

Non-coding region between 18S and 28S genes of ribosome, consisting of two parts separated by the 5.8S gene

22
Q

Universal primers

A

Short nucleic acid segments that bind to specific DNA regions and can be used to amplify DNA fragments in PCR

Fungi (6 decks)

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