intro Flashcards
psychiatry definition
the branch of medicine concerned with the understanding, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the mind (involving emotions, behaviors, perceptions, and cognition)
access to psychiatry
- wards attached to hospitals
- community facilities linked with primary care
mental illness often co-morbid with ?
chronic illness
Hippocrates role
Humorism (4 humors)
4 humors
- black bile (depression)
- yellow bile (mania)
- blood
- phlegm
Plato role
reported the brain was “the seat of mental processes”
first antipsychotic medicine (year and name)
chlorpromazine, 1950s
first antidepressant medicine (year and name)
imipramine, 1957
common antidepressants
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- sertraline (Lustral)
- escitalopram (Lexapro)
2nd/3rd generation antipsychotics
- olanzapine
- quetiapine
- aripiprazole
Commission of Enquiry on Mental Illness 1966
- promoted radical and widespread change
- recommended moving away from institutions and towards community care, family support, and including GP
Planning for the Future 1984
- hospital admission is a final treatment resource
- recommended day hospitals since community care was under funded
- concerns that people were being discharged too quickly and going into the Criminal Justice System
A Vision for Change 2006
- emphasized closure of mental hospitals
- providing accessible, community-based specialist services
Sharing the Vision 2020
- promote mental health
- prevention and early intervention
- acute, community, and specialist services
- enhanced capacity for primary care services to treat mental health
%s of psychiatric treatment in community services vs. hospitals
80% vs. 20%
Mental Health Act, 2001
- Irish legislature
- governs involuntary detention of people with mental illness to approved centers for inpatient (when pose a risk to themselves or others)
- regulates and promotes development of service delivery in approved centers and community
biopsychosocial model
MDT involvement to provide holistic, individualized care
mental illness definition
a state of mind that affects someone’s thinking, perceiving, emotion, or judgment which seriously impairs their mental function to the extent that they require care or treatment in their interest or in the interest of others
2 main classifications of psychiatric disorders
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V 2013)
- International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) Classification of Mental & Behavioral Disorders
psychiatric assessment components
- elicit psychopathology diagnosis
- understand the individual holistically with their vulnerabilities, protective factors formulation
psychiatric assessment aim
individual tailoring of management plan
modern mental health service
- hospital (in-patient, safe environment, groups, 1:1, medication)
- community care (GP, day hospital, community nursing/OT/SW, community groups, supported accommodation)
purpose of medicine in a psych hospital
stabilize the patient
supported accommodation
- HSE housing for people who need support
- landlords and workers are trained to support their tenants
