Intro Flashcards
Systematics
the scientific study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and of any and all relationships among them.
the study of organismal diversity and inter-relationships.
What Lawson does
Systematics, classification, nomenclature, and identification.
Importance of Systematics
species identification and epidemiological analysis
searching for novel bioactive compounds
strain typing, in rel- food safety and spoilage
monitor impact o release o GMOs in natural habitats
chart course of microbial evolution
unravelling genotypic and phenotypic diversity
MicroBm
Us rels b/w microbial diversity+ sustainable agriculture
relg history o microbial life on planet to geo changes
Pathogen
- is a bio agent that can/ may cause Dis or illness to its host
- survival dept on capacity- replicate+ persist on/ in other species» actively breaches/ destroys host barrier that ordinarily restricts/ inhibits other microorganisms
Factors (may/ can cause Dis)
Young, old, sexually active, state of health,immunocompromised
Virulence of organisms
How likely- cause disease on contact
Pathogenicity
ability of the organism w/in a group/ species of the organism to cause disease+ the severity of that illness
Virulence factors
- pathogens don’t want to kill host!
- organisms= Source o nutrients, stable, safe environment
- No Dis in natural wild animal populations!
Multiplicity of infection
- Number of organisms required to cause disease
- Salmonella: 10 million
- E.coli 0157: >10
Dis Devo interactions
- Host’s susceptibility to infection
- The organism’s virulence potential
- The opportunity for interaction between host-organism
- opp /circumstances- allow transmission of org w/in a pop
- Urbanization and poverty
Endosymbionts
any org that lives w/in the body or C o another org (parasitic or symbiotic/ syntrophic)
Bacteria metabolic E obtaining abilities
endosymbionts
genome plasticity
genome plasticity
- gene rearrangements, mutation, DNA acquisition–> allows expressn o new proteins
- depends on virulence factors/ ability- evade host defenses
Greatest defense against microorgs?
our brains!–> allow appropriate action to be taken
Greatest human advancement in Medicine?
hand washing, general hygiene
Medical advances
antibiotics, drugs, vaccines,
surgery, transplants, prosthetics,
gene and nerve therapy
–microorgs can in/directly influc
Detective Qs for Sci study
Who- at risk?
Where- does org cause infectn (body and geo area)?
When- is isoltn of org import?
Why- is org able to cause Dis?
Which- genera and species medically import?
What- diagnostic tests should be performed?
How- is the infection managed?
Detectv Qs o Sci: Who
Who at risk?
-young, elderly, sexually act, immune-compromised
Detectv Qs o Sci: Where
Where does org cause infectn (body/ geo area)?
- skin, urogenital tracts, respiratory, GI tract
- Europe, Asia, US
Detectv Qs of Sci: When
When is isolation of org important?
- host= time limit w/ physical symptoms
- bact= life cycles, vectors, seasonal, intracellular
Detectv Qs of Sci: Why
Why is org able to cause Dis?
-breach of skin and other body defenses, non-specific and specific immune systems, immune-compromised
Detectv Qs of Sci: Which
Which genera and species are medically important?
-Clostridium difficile, C. botulinum, Staphylococcus (MRSA).
Detectv Qs of Sci: What
What diagnostic tests should be performed?
- gram stain, culture, serology (specific antibiotics)
- increased use of molecular methods
Detectv Qs of Sci: How
How is the infection managed?
-antibodies, surgery, bld transfusion, organ transplant, chemotherapy, quarantine, gene therapy, prosthetics?
