Intro Anatomy

Question 1

What is the main job for cardio pulmanary?

Answer 1

Get rid of Co2 to get O2

Question 2

What is cover larynx?

Answer 2

Thyroid gland

Question 3

Mucous membrane of larynx forms?

Answer 3

1-false vocal cord ( superior pair)
2-True vocal cord ( inferior pair)

Question 4

What is the main job for false vocal cords?

Answer 4

Holding breath againts pressure

Question 5

What is the main job for True vocal cord?

Answer 5

Vibrate and produce sound

Question 6

Trachea devided into 2 types?

Answer 6

Hayline cartilage ( protect Trechea)
Smooth tissue

Question 7

What devid the Bronchi?

Answer 7

Carina

Question 8

What is the most sensetive area triggering cough reflex?

Answer 8

Carina

Question 9

What helps the bronchi to strech?

Answer 9

Smooth tissue

Question 10

As cartilage decrease, smooth tissue increase

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Relaxation / Dilation

Answer 11

Sympethatic CNS

Question 12

Contraction/ constriction

Answer 12

Parasympthatic CNS

Question 13

Each lung enclosed by doubled-layered by?

Answer 13

Pleural membrane

Question 14

Two types of pleural membrane?

Answer 14

Paraitel pleura (lines wall of thorasic cavity)
Visceral pleura ( covers lungs themselves)

Question 15

Herat makes left lung 10% smaller than right ?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

How many lobe of the right lung?

Answer 16

3 lobes
Superior lobe
Middle lobe
Inferior lobe

Question 17

How many lobe of the left lung?

Answer 17

2 lobe
Superior lobe
Inferior lobe

Question 18

Where we can find the Horizontal fissure?

Answer 18

In the Right lung

Question 19

Every things enter the lungs comes from?

Answer 19

The back

Question 20

How many order of branching for the lung?

Answer 20

25 order of branching

Question 21

What is the shape of Alveoli?

Answer 21

Cup-shaped outpouching

Question 22

How many types of aleveolar epirhelial cells?

Answer 22

2 types
Type 1 (gas exchange)
Type 2 (secrete alveolar fluid ( surfacant) to reduce tendency to collapse)

Question 23

What covers the alveoli?

Answer 23

Surfacant

Question 24

Lungs receive blood from?

Answer 24

Pulmonary artery ( deoxygenated blood)
Bronchial arteries ( oxygenated blood)

Question 25

Pulmonary Ventilation عملية التنفس devided into 3 parts?

Answer 25

1-Ventilation / breathing Inhalation and exhalation Exchange of air between atmpsphere and alveoli 2-External pulmonary respiration Exchange of gases between alveoli and blood 3-Internal tissue respiration Exchange of gases between systemic capillaris and tissue cells

Question 26

Inhalation equall

Answer 26

Inspiration

Question 27

Pressure inside alveoli must become lower than atmpsheric pressure الضغط الخارج اعلى من الداخل

Answer 27

Yes

Question 28

What is Boyle's Law ?

Answer 28

Pressure of gas is inversly proportional to the volum of the container

Question 29

Inhalation is always

Answer 29

Active

Question 30

Inhalation is require?

Answer 30

Muscle contraction

Question 31

Responsible for 75% of air entering lungs

Answer 31

Diaphram

Question 32

Most important muscle oh inhalation, flattens,lowering dome when contracted?

Answer 32

Diaphram

Question 33

For deep, forceful inhalation? اذا باخذ تفس عميق

Answer 33

Accessory muscle الموجودة بالرقبه العضلات

Question 34

Exhalation equall

Answer 34

Expiration

Question 35

Pressure in lungs greater than atmospheric pressure

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

Exhalation only active during forceful breathing

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

Left side of the heart stronger than the Right

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

Aortic Arch

Answer 38

وظيفته يقسم الدم الى اتجاهين علوي وسفلي

Question 39

What is the unique properties of cardiac cells?

Answer 39

1-Automaticity ( cells contract independintly) 2-Excitability (ion shift) 3-conductivity 4-contracttility

Question 40

Coronary Arteries

Answer 40

مليان O2 ومسؤول عن تغذية ال cardiac tissue

Question 41

The heart can't pump unless an electrical stimulus occurs

Answer 41

Yes

Question 42

What is responsible for muscle contraction ?

Answer 42

Ca+

Question 43

Where we can find SA node (60-100 bpm)?

Answer 43

In the upper Right atrium

Question 44

Electrolyes can result in alteration in cardiac cycle?

Answer 44

Potassium =(A.P) Calcium=( muscle contraction) Sodium= ( A.P) Magnesium = ( efficiency of muscle and nerve)

Question 45

Cardiac output CO=SV*HR

Answer 45

Oxygenated blood to vital organs كمية الدم الي تطلع من القلب كل دقيقه

Question 46

SV ( stroke volume)

Answer 46

amount of blood ejected by 1 ventricle in 1 beat

Question 47

What is the cardiac load ( preload (distole) and afterload (resistance) ?

Answer 47

Preload---> degree of blood befor contraction Afterload---> pressure againts which ventricles must eject blood

Question 48

Preload / afterload

Answer 48

Preload ( increase in Hypovolmia + Regulation of cardiac valves) Afterload ( increase in Hypertension + vasoconstriction )

Question 49

What is the subjective data for Assessment?

Answer 49

Chest pain, dyspnea, edema, fainting, palpitatiomd, diaphoresis, fatigue, and orthopnea

Question 50

What is the Objective data Assessment?

Answer 50

Cyanosis, distended neck veins, poor quality of respirations, coughing, heart sounds , ascites, edema, skin temperature, pulses, capillary refill

Question 51

How edema happens in the body?

Answer 51

We called it pitting edema اذا صارت مشكلة في RV الدم مايوصل بكمية كبيرة راح يتجمع بمكان واذا تجمع يصير له edema

Question 52

Normal heart rate?

Answer 52

60-100 beats per minutes

Question 53

Bradycardia rate and treatment?

Answer 53

Less 60 beat per minutes Atropine or peacemaker

Question 54

Tachycardia and Treatment?

Answer 54

100 to 150 beat per minunts Treatment depends on cause

Question 55

تعريف من جوجل Ventricular Fibrillation?

Answer 55

It is a type of irregular heart rhythm , the lower heart chambers contract in avery rapid and uncoordinated manner

Question 56

A systole

Answer 56

No muscle contraction ( flat line) بالمخطط

Question 57

Angina pectoris

Answer 57

Caused by myocardia ischemia

Question 58

What kind of pain of Angina pectoris

Answer 58

Squeezing pain , under sternum radiating to left or right shoulder, jaw or ear Pain may be mild or immobilizing

Question 59

Angina pectoris

Answer 59

Insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle

Question 60

Treatment for Angina pectoris

Answer 60

Treat to increase blood supply ( PTCA) , ( CABG)

Question 61

PTCA vs CABG

Answer 61

PTCA ---> نحاول نفتح artry مسدود Used : Angina pectoris CABG ---> artey تقفل بالكامل وياخذون artry من اي مكان ويزرعونه جنب المسدود Used for MI

Question 62

MI Myocardial Infraction

Answer 62

Obstruction in coronary artery resulting in necrosis

Question 63

Symptoms of MI

Answer 63

Chest pain, heaviness, lower sternal pain, dyspenea, diaphoresis, nausea,anxiety , vomiting cyanosis

Question 64

Treatment for MI

Answer 64

Medications , surgery, diet, and bed rest Increase oxgen

Question 65

Untreated left ventricular failure, right ventricular myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive coronary disease, cor pulmonale, and pulmonic valve stenosis Diseases Causes for which ?

Answer 65

Right- sided heart failur

Question 66

Another name for Right-sided Heart Failure?

Answer 66

Cor pulmonale