Intro into Pop Bio (Final) Flashcards
Final (22 cards)
What is the definition of heredity?
the transmission of traits from each generation to the next
What is the definition of variation?
differences between members of the same species
What is the definition of genetics?
the study of heredity and heredity variation
What is the definition of genes?
a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses)
What’s the definition of gametes?
A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg/sperm, that is formed by meiosis or is there decent of cells formed by meiosis. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.
What’s the definition of locus?
A specific place along the length of chromosomes where a given gene is located.
What’s the definition of asexual reproduction?
The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes. In most cases the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
What’s the definition of sexual reproduction?
Reproduction arising from fusion of 2 gametes.
What’s the definition of karyotype?
a display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by shape and size.
What’s the definition of homologous chromosomes?
A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci, 1 homologous chromosome is father, other us from mom, also called homologous chromosomes pair.
What’s the definition of autosomes?
A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex, not a sex chromosome.
What is the definition of sex chromosomes?
A chromosome responsible for determining the sex of an individual.
What’s the definition of diploid?
a cell containing 2 sets of chromosomes (2n) , one set inherited from each parent.
What’s the definition of haploid?
A cell containing only 1 set of chromosomes (n)
What three events are unique to meiosis, all of which occurs in Meiosis 1?
- Synapsis and crossing over
- Alignment of homologous pairs at the metaphase pairs?
- Separation of homologous
What made the pea plants ideal for the work Mendel was doing?
Distinct heritable features (characters), clear character variants (purple/white), pollen & egg producing organs, self pollination, large number of offspring, short generation time.
What is a character?
An observable heritable feature that may vary among individuals.
What is a trait?
One of two or more detectible variants in a genetic character.
Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate are referred to as ______ ______.
true breeding
The generation Mendel started with, the true-breeding parents, are called the ______.
P/ parent generation
The offspring of the P generation are called the _____ generation.
F1/ Filial “son”
The offspring
