Intro, Meds, Exercise

Question 1

Four phases of cardiac rehab?

Answer 1

Phase I: Immediate Post-Procedure
Phase II: Monitored Exercise
Phase III: Maintenance
Phase IV: Community Maintenance

Question 2

Phase I goal:

Answer 2

Prevent deconditioning secondary to bed rest and inactivity

Question 3

Phase II goal:

Answer 3

Increase intensity and duration of exercise to facilitate return to work and previous activities.

Question 4

Phase II timing:

Answer 4

Begins 2-6 weeks post-discharge

Duration 6-12 weeks, 3 times/week

Question 5

Phase III goal:

Answer 5

Continue to improve aerobic capacity

Question 6

Phase IV goal:

Answer 6

Promote health and adherence to exercise.
Community based (YMCA, etc.)

Question 7

Cardiac risk factors are defined as:

Answer 7

Conditions or co-morbidities that elevate one’s risk of developing CHD.

Question 8

Non-modifiable risk factors: (3)

Answer 8

family history
age
gender

Question 9

Modifiable risk factors:

Answer 9

HTN
high cholesterol
diabetes
obesity
inactivity
smoking

Question 10

Risk factors: Age - by gender:

Answer 10

Male > 45

Female > 55

Question 11

Risk factors: Age as of event:

Answer 11

Male < 55

Female < 65

Question 12

Criteria for HTN diagnosis?

Answer 12

Systolic > 140

Diastolic > 90

Question 13

Pre-HTN criteria?

Answer 13

Systolic > 120

Diastolic > 80

Question 14

Hyperlipidemia criteria: TC, LDL, HDL, Trig

Answer 14

TC > 200 mg/dl
LDL > 130 mg/dl
HDL < 40 mg/dl
Triglycerides > 200 mg/dl

Question 15

BMI for obesity diagnosis?

Answer 15

BMI > 30

Question 16

Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis criteria?

Answer 16

Fasting blood glucose > 126 two times

Question 17

Exercise heart rate for stable angina?

Answer 17

At least 10 BPM below ischemic threshold.

Question 18

Action of beta blockers?

Answer 18

HR and BP lower, less contractile force.

Lowers MVO2.

Question 19

Effect of beta blockers on exercise?

Answer 19

Lowers resting and exercise HR
Lowers resting and exercise BP
Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.

Question 20

Benefits of calcium channel blockers (CCBs)?

Answer 20

Coronary and systemic vasodilation

Group 1 slows SA and AV conduction (non-dihydropyradines).

Question 21

Group I CCBs (n-DHPs) effect on exercise:

Answer 21

Lowers resting and exercise HR
Lowers resting and exercise BP
Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.

Question 22

Group II CCBs (DHPs) effect on exercise:

Answer 22

Lowers resting and exercise BP

Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.

Question 23

Definition of exercise:

Answer 23

Planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement to improve or maintain one or more components of physical exercise.

Question 24

Cardiorespiratory fitness

Answer 24

Ability to absorb, transport and use oxygen
Related to the ability to perform large muscle, continuous moderate-high intensity exercise for prolonged periods of time.

Question 25

VO2 is a function of: (3)

Answer 25

HR SV arterial-venous oxygen differential

Question 26

VO2 formula?

Answer 26

VO2 = HR * SV * (a-v)O2 diff

Question 27

Characteristics of aerobic exercise: (4)

Answer 27

O2 supply meets demand Fat main fuel source Moderate intensity exercise Oxidative metabolism dominant

Question 28

Characteristics of anaerobic exercise: (4)

Answer 28

O2 demand exceeds supply Glucose main fuel source Strenuous or high intensity exercise Non-oxidative, immediate metabolism dominant

Question 29

Cardiovascular adaptations to regular aerobic exercise:

Answer 29

``` Lower resting and submax HR Lower resting and submax systolic BP Higher submax and max SV Higher a/v O2 differential Higher Max VO2 Lower submax MVO2 ```

Question 30

Benefits of exercise specific to CVD

Answer 30

Increases ischemic threshold for onset of symptoms (angina, ST depression, etc.)

Question 31

When to supplement COPD with O2?

Answer 31

When O2 saturation falls below 88%.

Question 32

Components of physical fitness: (5)

Answer 32

``` Body composition Flexibility Muscular endurance Muscular strength Cardiovascular fitness ```