Intro Patho Flashcards
Mallory bodies
Def
Location
Intracellular protein accumulation
Hyaline degenaration
Aggregated intermediate filaments in hepatocytes
Extracellular protein degeneration (accumulation)
Collagen degeneration
Amyloidosis
World thrombosis day
Oct 13
Virchow’s node
The presence of metastatic cancer in a lymph node in left supraclavicular fossa
Virchows method of autopsy
Each organ is taken out one by one
Most common type of systemic amyloidois
AL amyloidosis
Glomerular amyloidosis results in
Proteinuria
Nephrotic syndrome
Treatment of AA amyloidosis
Inixomab monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis alpha
Calcium degeneration (accumulation) causes
Hyperparthyroidism
Overdosage of Vit D
Destruction of bine
Alkalosis
Pathognomic for gout
Tophi : deposit of uric acid crystals (monosodium urate crystals)
Gout : crystal deposition disease type I results in (3)
Painful attacks of gout
Urate nephropathy
Tophi formation
Secondary gout causes
Leukemia or polycythemia Some lymphomas (neoplasm produce large number of cell nuclei)
Symptoms of podagra (arthritis at the joint of the large toe)
Very painful
Lasts a week
Self limiting
Gout patho : urate crystals lead to activation of
NLRP3 inflammasome (cryopyrin) -> activation of caspase -> release of cytokines IL 1, 18, 8 and TNF -> attraction of neutrophilic granulocytes
Sheehan’s syndrome
Acute pospartum pituitary necrosis ->caused by blood loss and or hypovolemic shock during delivery
hypocortism Hypothyroidism Hypogonadism Loss of growth hormone Prolactin production
Sheehan syndrome symptoms
Weakness Dryness and wrinkling of the skin Premature ageing Hypotension Cold intolerance Constipation Pallor anemia Bradycardia Hypoglycemia Insulin hypersensitivitt
Exemple of Hyperactivity
Exhaustion of isletic beta cells in acquired diabetes
Autoimmunization exemple
Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto)
Most common cause of hypothyroidism in USA
Formation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells distroying parenchyma
Name of oxyphillic metaplasia of follicular cells
Hurthle
Askenay cells
Oncocytes
Liver brown atrophy
Lipofuscin in hepatocytes
Monckeberg calcification
Calcium deposits are found in the muscular middle layer of the wall of arteries (tunica media)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Known as Wegeners granulomatosis
Is a form of vasculitis that affect small and medium vessels in many organs but mostly upper respiratory tract and the kidneys
> 90% test positive for ANCA but it is not conclusive
Necrotizing granulomas are hallmark of the disease
