Intro t Ecology

Question 1

What is an Organism

Answer 1

an individual living thing

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

a group of the same species that lives in one area

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

a group of different species that live together in one area

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks and other non-living things in a given area

Question 5

Biome

Answer 5

a major regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there.

Question 6

Biodiversity

Answer 6

is the assortment, or variety, of living things in an ecosyztem

Question 7

Rain forests

Answer 7

have more biodiversity than other locations in the world, butt re threatened by human activites

Question 8

Keystone species

Answer 8

a species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem.

Question 9

Producers

Answer 9

provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem.

Question 10

Food Chain

Answer 10

is a model that shows a sequence of feeding relationships

Question 11

Food webs

Answer 11

shows a complex network of feeding relationships and energy flow in an ecosystem.

Question 12

Biomass

Answer 12

a measure of the total dry mass of organisms in a given area

Question 13

How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?

Answer 13

10%

Question 14

Habitat

Answer 14

all aspects of the area in which an organism lives

Question 15

Ecological Niche

Answer 15

includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce

Question 16

Competition

Answer 16

occurs when two species use resources in the same way.

Question 17

Predation

Answer 17

occurs when one organism captures and eats another.

Question 18

Intraspecific competition

Answer 18

when the same species struggle against one another for the same limited resource (Male Mating)

Question 19

Interspecific cometition

Answer 19

when two different species compete for a limited reasource

Question 20

Symbiosis

Answer 20

us close and often long-term interaction between two or more different biological species

Question 21

What are the three major type os symbiotic relationships and what do they mean

Answer 21

Mutualism-Both organisms benefit
Commensalism- one organism benefits and other is unharmed
Parasitism- one organism benefits the other is harmed

Question 22

What is population density

Answer 22

a measurement of the number of individuals living is a defined space

Question 23

What is population dispersion

Answer 23

refers to how a population is spread in an area

Question 24

What is a survivorship curve?

Answer 24

a diagram showing the number or surviving members over time from a measured set of births

Question 25

What is type 1 of a survivorship curve?

Answer 25

Lo level of infant mortality and an older population common to large mammals and humans

Question 26

What is type 2 of a survivorship curve?

Answer 26

Survivorship rate is equal at all stages of life common to birds and reptiles

Question 27

What is type 3 of a survivorship curve?

Answer 27

very high birth rate, very high infant mortality common to invertebrates and plants.

Question 28

What is population growth based on?

Answer 28

Available reasources

Question 29

What is exponential growth?

Answer 29

is a rapid population increase due to an abundance of reasouces

Question 30

What are changes in a populations size determined by?

Answer 30

immigration, births, emigration, deaths

Question 31

What is logistic growth?

Answer 31

is due to a population facing limited reasources

Question 32

What is the carrying capacity

Answer 32

the maximum number of individuals in a population that the environment can support

Question 33

Limiting Factor

Answer 33

something that keeps the size of population down.

Question 34

What are the two types of limiting factors?

Answer 34

Density Dependent, Density independent

Question 35

What is density-dependent

Answer 35

affected by the number of individuals in a given area. Ex. Predation, Competition, parasitism- and disease.

Question 36

What is density-independent

Answer 36

Limity a populations growth regardless of the density. Ex. Unusual weather, natural disasters, human activites

Question 37

What is ecological succession

Answer 37

a process's of change in the species that make up a community

Question 38

What is primary succession

Answer 38

started by pioneer species to break down hard rock or ground into soil where plants can flourish.

Question 39

What is secondary succession

Answer 39

Started by remaining species reestablish the damaged ecosystem where soil was left intact.

Question 40

What are the three types of dispersion?

Answer 40

Uniform, Random, Clumbed

Question 41

What is Uniform dispersion?

Answer 41

Population lives at specific distances from one another

Question 42

What is random dispersion?

Answer 42

Population is spread randomly.

Question 43

What is clumped dispersion?

Answer 43

Population lives close together.