Intro Test Flashcards

Question

Tissues

Answer 1

``` Cells organized in to groups. 4 basic tissue types -Epithelial -Connective -Muscular -Nervous ```

Answer 2

``` Found in the lining and covering of other tissues -Squamous (flattened cells) -Cuboidal (cube shaped cells) -Columnar (elongated cells) Keep in mind they can be stratified! ```

Answer 3

Flattened cells Allows for easy movement of materials across the surface of the cells Functions in production, diffusion, filtration Found in air sacs of lungs

Answer 4

Cube shaped cells Found in the lining of the kidney tubules Functions in protection, secretion, and absorption

Answer 5

Consists of elongated cells Functions in protection, secretion, and absorption In lining of intestine and uterus

Answer 6

``` Cell membrane Cell wall Cytoplasm Mitochondria Ribosomes ER Vesicles Golgi body Vacuoles Nucleus Nuclear membrane Nucleolus Nuclear pores Chloroplasts ```

Answer 7

Moves the body and its parts

Answer 8

Draw epithelium tissues (with layers) | Pick one of the control systems, tell the organs in them and cavity it is found in.

Answer 9

Binds and supports body parts | Matrix

Answer 10

Receives stimuli and conducts nerve impulses

Answer 11

Has striated cells with multiple nuclei Occurs in muscles attached to the skeleton Functions in VOLUNTARY movement of the body

Answer 12

Has spindle-shape cells, each with a single nucleus (no striations) Functions in movement of substances in lumens of body (is involuntary)

Answer 13

Has branching striated cells, each with single nucleus Occurs in the wall of the heart Functions in pumping blood Is involuntary

Answer 14

Is a connective tissue in which the matrix is plasma (55%) Red blood cells (45%), white blood cells (less then 1%) and platelets Transports nutrients, carries oxygen to cells and removes waste, distributes heat, and maintains balance of ions, fluid, and pH

Answer 15

In front of

Answer 16

The condition in which the body's internal environment remains relatively constant; internal conditions stay within a normal rnage

Answer 17

1. Proper concentrations of gases, nutrients, water, and salts. Oxygen (cellular respiration/produces energy for the body) Carbon dioxide (waste product) Nutrients (raw materials for chemical reactions) Water & salts (important in the fluid and electrolyte balance) 2. Optimum temperature (37C) 3. Optimum pressure (blood pressure, concentrations of substances in the body, rates at which substances move through the body)

Answer 18

- vital role in the breathing process - source of energy - benefits the immune system - used for protein construction & muscle contraction

Answer 19

Building block for most cells (its can form many kinds of essential compounds) Helps with cellular respiration Forms proteins, carbs, and fats

Answer 20

Crucial role in energy production (mitochondria uses hydrogen to create ATP) Used for cell hydration Water regulation Acid/base balance Toxins and wastes can be eliminated from the body Nutrients are able to be transported to the cells

Answer 21

Backbone to proteins Makes proteins in your muscles, skin, blood, hair, nails and DNA Growth, cell replacement and tissue repair All cells require nitrogen for the production of new cells

Answer 22

``` Problem- Stimulus (change of internal conditions) Sensory Receptors (detects a change in the internal environment) Control Centre Mechanism (respond to stimulus) Effector (feedback and return to normal) Compensation or adjustment ```

Answer 23

Negative feedback- change given (the effect) is opposite the stimulus Positive feedback- change given (the effect) is in the same direction as the stimulus

Answer 24

``` Functions Ingest food Digest food Absorb nutrients Eliminate waste Organs Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small & large intestine ```

Answer 25

-transport blood, nutrients, gases + wastes -defend against disease -helps control temperature, fluid, and pH balance Organs Heart, blood, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries)

Answer 26

``` Produces & Secrete hormones These chemical substances help regulate the activity of cells/organs, which help contribute to homeostasis Responds to stress Helps regulate fluid and pH balance Helps regulate metabolism ```

Answer 27

``` A) Pineal gland B) Pituitary gland C) Testis D) hypothalamus E) Thyroid gland F) Parathyroid gland G) Thymus H) Adrenal glands I) Pancreas J) Ovary ```

Answer 28

Maintains breathing Exchanges gases at lungs + tissues Helps control pH balance Organs Lungs, airways

Answer 29

Receives sensory input & initiates motor output Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Answer 30

Excretion of metabolic wastes Helps control fluid balance Helps control pH balance Kidneys, the urinary bladder, and tubes that carry urine

Answer 31

Produces & transports gametes Produces sex hormone Nurtures and gives birth to offspring (females) Penis, ovaries, vagina, testes, genitals

Answer 32

Problem: Hypothermia Receptors: temperature receptors in skin and hypothalamus Control Centre: thermoregulatory centre in brain Effectors: sweat glands in skin increase secretion. Blood vessels in skin dilate Adjustment: Decreased heat loss, body temperature increases

Answer 33

Problem: Shock/ Extreme blood loss Receptors: Blood pressure drops, sensed by stretch receptors in blood vessels Control Centre: vasomotor hypothalamus Effect: vasoconstriction decreases Reinforcement: Blood pressure further decreases

Answer 34

Fluid outside the cell | About 1/3 of fluids found in the body are extracellular

Answer 35

Fluid found inside the cell | Cytoplasm

Answer 36

Exchange of materials between extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid Receive nutrients, have materials taken away from them, and exchange gases

Answer 37

Fluid in the tissues between the cells and blood vessels

Answer 38

Energy (ATP) (Hydrogen, phosphate) Water regulation (Hydrogen, Chlorine) Acid base balance (Hydrogen, potassium) Metabolism (Oxygen, Iodine)

Intro Test Flashcards

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