INTRO TO AQUATIC ECOLOGY AND WATER CYCLE

Question 1

study of the planet’s oceanic and
freshwater environments

Answer 1

aquatic science

Question 2

study of the biological, chemical, geological, optical and physical characteristics of oceans and
estuaries

Answer 2

Oceanography

Question 3

study of these same characteristics in inland waters (lakes, rivers, streams, ponds, and wetlands).

Answer 3

Limnology

Question 4

includes the study of relationships
between individuals of the same species, between different species, and between organisms and their physical and chemical environments in all aquatic environments, including oceans, estuaries, lakes, ponds, wetlands, rivers, and streams

Answer 4

Aquatic Ecology

Question 5

these are the oceans, estuaries,
swamps, wetlands, streams, lakes,
rivers, springs, seeps, reservoirs,
ponds, groundwater, riparian areas,
and the fauna that reside within
them. Aquatic resources include
permanent, seasonal, flowing, standing, natural, or man-made water bodies

Answer 5

Aquatic Resources

Question 6

Importance of Aquatic Ecosystem

Answer 6

• Biodiversity - Species richness/trophic structure
• Breeding - Breeding grounds for many species
• Buffer systems - Physical and chemical
• Sinks - Resting places for sediments and chemicals
• Only part of the hydrological cycle - What other parts are there?

Question 7

refers to the management and
conservation of the aquatic resource, the concentration and capture of wild fish, as well as foraging for other aquatic resources such as crabs, prawns, snails, insects, aquatic plants, etc

Answer 7

Aquatic Resources Management

Question 8

it never leaves the earth

Answer 8

water

Question 9

constantly being cycled through the atmosphere, ocean, and land

Answer 9

water

Question 10

It driven by energy from the sun and is crucial to the existence of life on our planet.

Answer 10

water cycle

Question 11

Earth’s surface is covered by ___ percent water

Answer 11

71%

Question 12

It is essential for life. We can only survive a few days without it.

Answer 12

water

Question 13

ocean and saline lakes

Answer 13

97.4%

Question 14

freshwater

Answer 14

2.6%

Question 15

groundwater

Answer 15

0.592%

Question 16

ice caps and glaciers

Answer 16

1.984%

Question 17

readily accesible freshwater

Answer 17

0.014%

Question 18

lakes

Answer 18

0.007%

Question 19

soil moisture

Answer 19

0.005%

Question 20

biota, river, atmospheric water vapor

Answer 20

0.001%

Question 21

continuously collected, purified, recycled and distributed

Answer 21

water cycle

Question 22

describes the total area
contributing drainage to a stream or river

Answer 22

watershed

Question 23

May be applied to many scales

Answer 23

watershed

Question 24

made up of many small watersheds

Answer 24

large watershed

Question 25

2/3 lost to floods and not available for human use.

Answer 25

surface runoff

Question 26

amount of reliable runoff

Answer 26

one third

Question 27

Amount of runoff that we can count on year to year

Answer 27

reliable runoff

Question 28

Zone of saturation

Answer 28

groundwater

Question 29

top of zone of saturation

Answer 29

water table

Question 30

water saturated layers of sand

Answer 30

aquifer

Question 31

Humans directly or indirectly use about ______ of reliable runoff

Answer 31

54%

Question 32

Withdraw _____% of reliable runoff for agriculture, industry, domestic

Answer 32

34%

Question 33

Withdraw _____% of reliable runoff for agriculture

Answer 33

70%

Question 34

Withdraw _____% of reliable runoff for industry

Answer 34

20%

Question 35

Withdraw _____% of reliable runoff for domestic

Answer 35

10%

Question 36

Leave _____ of runoff in streams for human use: transport goods, dilute pollution, sustain fisheries

Answer 36

20%

Question 37

Could use up to _______ of the reliable runoff by 2025

Answer 37

70-90%

Question 38

During part of the water cycle, the sun heats up liquid water and changes it to a gas by the process of _________.

Answer 38

evaporation

Question 38

The process of evaporation from plants is called ________

Answer 38

transpiration

Question 39

Water that evaporates from Earth’s oceans, lakes, rivers, and moist soil rises up into the __________

Answer 39

atmosphere

Question 39

When a large amount of water vapor condenses, it results in the formation of _______

Answer 39

clouds

Question 39

As water (in the form of gas) rises higher in the atmosphere, it starts to cool and become a liquid again

Answer 39

condensation

Question 39

When the water in the clouds gets too heavy, the water falls back to the earth. This is called ___________.

Answer 39

precipitation

Question 40

When rain falls on the land, some of the water is absorbed into the ground forming pockets of water called ______.

Answer 40

groundwater

Question 41

Most groundwater eventually returns to the ______

Answer 41

ocean

Question 42

Other precipitation runs directly into _____ or ______

Answer 42

streams; rivers

Question 43

Water that collects in rivers, streams, and oceans is called _____

Answer 43

runoff

Question 44

water cycle is driven by _______

Answer 44

energy from the sun

Question 45

gravel or bedrock through which groundwater flows

Answer 45

aquifer

Question 46

Could use up to 70-90% of the reliable runoff by _____

Answer 46

2025

Question 47

Water that evaporates from Earth’s oceans, lakes, rivers, and moist soil rises up into the _______

Answer 47

atmosphere