Intro To Art Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
Who painted Starry Night?
A
Vincent Van Gogh
2
Q
When was The Starry Night painted?
A
1889
3
Q
Was Vincent Van Gogh popular? Why or why not?
A
No. He had mental illnesses, and people thought he was crazy. He also painted in untraditional ways. These things caused people to not buy his paintings.
4
Q
What city does The Starry Night depict?
A
San Marie, France
5
Q
What did Van Gogh do soon after painting Starry Night?
A
He killed himself.
6
Q
How many papyrus scrolls were in The Great Library Center of Alexandria?
A
About 700,00
7
Q
How many kilometers was the wall that surrounded Alexandria?
A
20km
8
Q
What is the design of the city Alexandria?
A
The roads and buildings create a grid pattern if you looked at it from above.
9
Q
What connected the Island of Pharos to the main part of the city of Alexandria?
A
A sandbar that had a causeway built on top of it
10
Q
What does Paleolithic mean?
A
Old Stone
11
Q
What might The Woman of Willendorf represent?
A
Most likely it is a good luck charm for fertility.
12
Q
How large was the Woman of Willendorf?
A
Only a few inches.
13
Q
What was the Woman of Willendorf made of?
A
Limestone
14
Q
What is a sculpture in the round?
A
It is a sculpture that is carved on all sides.
15
Q
What is a sculptural relief?
A
It is a sculpture that cannot be seen on all sides and is carved into something.
16
Q
What is iconography?
A
It is the study of images.
17
Q
What is naturalism?
A
It is trying to create something that looks like how the subject would in real life.
18
Q
What is natural color?
A
It is art with colors that are the same as they would be in real life.
19
Q
What was the Woman of Willendorf painted with?
A
Ochre
20
Q
When was the Woman of Willendorf believed to be created?
A
25,000 B.C.
21
Q
Where were paintings in caves often made?
A
They were often made in dark places of the cave that were high up and hard to reach.
22
Q
What era did more permanent structures start being built?
A
In the Neolithic Era.
23
Q
Where is Stonehenge?
A
In Salisbury Plain, England.
24
Q
What were the largest stones in Stonehenge made of and how far did people have to take them to Stonehenge?
A
Sarsen stone and at least 23 miles.
25
What is one of the main stones that was in Salisbury Plains naturally?
Chalk stone.
26
What did humans thousands of years ago create around Stonehenge?
A circular ditch and avenue coming out from a part of that circle. Chalk stone showed in the ground that was dug out.
27
What went along inside the circular ditch around Stonehenge?
Another inner circle of 56 smaller circles dug into the ground.
28
What was in the avenue made next to Stonehenge?
An upright heel stone made out of sarsen stone. It marked the solstice. Also a slaughter stone lying down by the opening.
29
What was put into the circles that were along the inside of the circular ditch of Stonehenge.
Blue stones
30
What sculpture had the first post and lintel structure?
Stonehenge
31
When did settlements begin in Ancient Egypt?
8000 B.C.
32
Who were believed to be both rulers and gods in Ancient Egypt?
Pharaohs.
33
What did papyrus represent?
Lower Egypt.
34
What did the lotus flower represent?
Upper Egypt.
35
Who was the god that gave Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs the right to rule?
Horus
36
What is patronage?
It is about who is paying for the object, and how they can manipulate art to tell a certain version of events.
37
What is Ka?
It was what the Ancient Egyptians believed to be a being's life force. Its container was the being's body.
38
Who was the god of embalming and funerals in Ancient Egypt?
Anubis
39
Which side of the Nile River were people buried in Ancient Egypt?
The West side.
40
Which side of the Nile River did people in Ancient Egypt live on?
The East side.
41
Why did Ancient Egyptians try to keep dead bodies persevered?
They believed that if a body decayed, the person's ka would have nowhere to go to, and so the person would not be able to live forever.
42
Who was the first pharaoh in Ancient Egypt to have a pyramid?
Djoser
43
What was the Heb sed festival?
It was a festival that Ancient Egyptians performed at a pharaoh's temple or resting spot to remind others that the pharaoh was still alive and ruling in the afterlife. It would happen every 30 years.
44
What were the first burial chambers like in Ancient Egypt?
They were made out of mud brick. They were cheap, but not durable.
45
What was a Serdab?
They were rooms used as a backup in Ancient Egypt in case a person's body decayed. In the room would be a ka statue where the ka could go to. The ka could come and go through a small hole in the door. Humans were not allowed in this room.
46
How deep in the ground were burial chambers for pyramids in Ancient Egypt?
92 ft.
47
Who was the sun god in Ancient Egypt?
Ra
48
What does the Ancient Egyptian god Horus represent?
Sky and light.
49
The Ancient Egyptian god Horus was half human and half ___.
Bird
50
What is formal analysis?
You ask about the artwork itself, such as what colors it has, or what it depicts, or who made it, etc.
51
What is socio-historical analysis?
You ask questions about what sort of things influenced the artwork, such as why was this material used, why was this subject chosen, who paid for this artwork, etc.
52
Why was the sun rising important to Ancient Egyptians?
It showed that the gods had succeeded in fighting against the underworld at night.
53
The Ancient Egyptian god Anubis had the head of what animal?
Wolf
54
Where did Anubis help other gods?
In the the underworld.
55
What was a canopic jar in Ancient Egypt?
It was a jar that held a body's embalmed organs.
56
How many steps did embalming in Ancient Egypt have?
92
57
What was the Opening of the Mouth Ceremony in Ancient Egypt?
It was a ceremony that took place at the funerary temples, and the jaw of the pharaoh would be broken to let out their ka.
58
What are the three pyramids of Giza called?
Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. Largest to smallest.
59
Who were the only literate people in Ancient Egypt?
Scribes
60
When would Ancient Egyptian pharaohs start planning for their funerals?
As soon as they started ruling.
61
What were funerary barges in Ancient Egypt?
They were the boats that would carry the body of the pharaoh to the other side of the Nile.
62
Were would the bodies of Ancient Egyptian pharaohs be taken to right after they crossed the Nile River?
Their Valley Temples.
63
What was the path that led the pharaohs's dead bodies from their Valley Temple to their funerary temple?
The Sacred Way.
64
What were Ancient Egyptian pyramids made of?
Limestone
65
How were Ancient Egyptian burial chambers sealed?
Large granite stones were placed in front of the opening using the post and lintel system. There were air shafts so that the mummy could breathe.
66
What did the Ancient Egyptian pyramids point to?
Three of the stars in the constellation Osiris (now called Orion).
67
How did the Ancient Egyptian god Osiris die?
He was killed by his brother.
68
What did the Ancient Egyptian god Osiris hold?
A crook and flail.
69
What expensive rock made up some of the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs' ka statues?
Diorite
70
What expensive stone made up some of the floors of Ancient Egyptian serdab rooms?
Alabaster
71
What was often carved onto ka statues in Ancient Egypt, and what did it mean?
"Carved from life." It meant that the statues were supposed to like their owner.
72
Who discovered Pharaoh Tutankhamen's body and burial chamber?
Howard Carter.
73
When was Pharaoh Tutankhamen's body and burial chamber found?
In 1920s
74
Which Ancient Egyptian pharaoh decided that the god Aten was the only god?
Akhenaten (previously called Amenhotep IV before he changed his name).
75
Which Ancient Egyptian pharaoh decided to put an end to the belief that there was only one god and changed the religious belief system back to polytheistic?
Tutankhamen (previously known as Tutankhaten before he changed his name).
76
King Tutankhamen's coffin depicts his face, but it shows ___ body.
Osiris's
77
Where did the Olympics start?
Ancient Greece
78
Why were Ancient Greek Olympic Games done nude?
Ancient Greeks thought that the human body was beautiful and perfect and should be shown and honored in their games.
79
What type of political system did the Ancient Greeks have?
A democracy
80
What did Greeks think made something perfect to look at?
If it had order, balance, and symmetry
81
Where did Ancient Greeks believe their gods live?
On the top of Mount Olympus, which was the highest mountain in Ancient Greece.
82
What were the languages on the Rosetta Stone?
Greek, cuneiform, and hieroglyphics.
83
Who first found the Rosetta Stone?
Napoleon
84
What material did Ancient Greeks like to make their statues with?
White marble.
85
What did the Ancient Greeks believe the ideal male body looked like?
Strong and could be athletic
86
Who created the statue Doryphoros?
Polykleitos.
87
What was different about the Ancient Greek statue of Doryphoros compared to previous statues depicting humans?
Doryphoros looked like he was moving in a way that humans naturally move. Before, statues looked stiff, even if they were supposed to look like they were in motion. Also, the body of Doryphoros was in correct proportions.
88
Why was the Ancient Greek statue Doryphoros’s head tilted?
To show that he was thinking deeply.
89
Which Ancient Greek goddess was believed to have created Athens?
Athena.
90
What did the Ancient Greek goddess Athena represent?
Wisdom.
91
Which part of Athens in Ancient Greece was dedicated to the goddess Athena?
Acropolis, which was the most elevated part of Athens.
92
Which goddess did the Ancient Greeks believe gave them olives?
Athena.
93
Which nation first destroyed the Ancient Greek goddess Athena’s temple?
The Persians.
94
Who was the Ancient Greek man named Pericles?
He was an Athenian general who decided to rebuild Athena’s temple after the Persians destroyed it.
95
What was the Ancient Greek goddess Athena’s temple called?
Parthenon
96
What was the Ancient Greek goddess Athena’s second temple made of?
White marble with no mortar.
97
What was the giant Ancient Greek statue of the goddess Athena made of? (This statue was in the naos of the Parthenon).
Gold and ivory.
98
Which nation destroyed the Parthenon for the second time?
The Ottomans.
99
What was stored in the Parthenon in addition to things that honored the goddess Athena?
Important records and money.
100
Who was allowed in Acropolis and why?
Religious figures because Acropolis was believed to be holy ground.
101
What does oeuvre mean?
It is another word for artwork.
102
What is a megalith?
It is a very large stone.
103
What is a mortise and tenon?
It is when one piece of wood (or other material) has a slot in it and another piece has a part sticking straight out of it. They connect together to help build something.
104
What was a mastaba?
It was an Ancient Egyptian tomb made out of mud brick.
105
Who was the Ancient Egyptian goddess Hathor?
She was the goddess of the sky and the mother of Horus. She also had a cow head.
106
What was an Ancient Egyptian cartouche?
It was an oval with a line tangent to it on one end. There would be hieroglyphs inside the oval.
107
What was an Ancient Egyptian sarcophagus?
It was a coffin that held another coffin that held a person’s body.
108
What was the Ancient Egyptian city of Amarna?
It was once the capital of Ancient Egypt, and it was made so by Pharaoh Akhenaten.
109
What did the Ancient Egyptian symbol ankh look like and mean?
It looked like a cross except at the top was a loop. It symbolized life.
110
What was the Deir el-Bahri in Ancient Egypt?
It was a bunch of mortuary temples and tombs on the West Side of the Nile River.
111
What was the Benben stone in Ancient Egypt?
It was the top stone on pyramids and was thought to be holy.
112
What was a capital on the Ancient Greek columns?
It was the decorative topper on them.
113
What were the Classical Orders in Ancient Greece?
Doric, ionic, and Corinthian.
114
What did a Doric topper look like?
It just looked like a small disk.
115
What did an ionic topper look like?
It had a volute.
116
What did a Corinthian topper look like?
It was very decorative with carvings such as plants on it.
117
What was a volute in Ancient Greece?
It was used on ionic capitals, and it looked like a decorative scroll or ram’s horns.
118
What is fluting on an Ancient Greek column?
It is the ridges that go up and down vertically along the sides of the column.
119
What was a frieze in Ancient Greece?
It is like a band of decorations on a building. The Parthenon had one.
120
What were triglyphs in Ancient Greece?
They were three “sticks” in a row on a Doric frieze. They alternate with metopes.
121
What were metopes in Ancient Greece?
They were a square piece in between triglyphs on a Doric frieze.
122
What was a pediment in Ancient Greece?
It is like the triangle part on top of the Parthenon (or other buildings).
123
What was a cornice in Ancient Greece?
It was a horizontal decorative moulding that crowned a building or furniture.
124
What was a dentil in Ancient Greece?
They look like teeth or ridges that are carved as a decoration on a building.
125
What is entasis?
It is making something wider or slanted in a way to counter optical illusions and make something appear “perfect.”
126
What was the Parthenon roof made of?
Timber.
127
What was the first statue of a female nude in Ancient Greece?
The Aphrodite of Knidos statue.
128
What did the Ancient Greece goddess Aphrodite represent?
Beauty, love, and fertility.
129
What type of column did the Parthenon have?
Doric.
130
What was the Panathenaic Procession?
It was a religious ceremony that happened every four years in Athens where a parade would march all around the city. The large statue of Athena would also be given a new Peplos made of wool.
131
Who did Athena beat before she created Athens?
Poseidon.
132
How did the Greeks become so wealthy?
By selling their olives.
133
What is the one thing that the statue of Aphrodite of Knidos is wearing?
A bracelet on her upper left arm.
134
What did the White Crown in Ancient Egypt look like and represent?
It looks like a bowling pin, and it represents Upper Egypt.
135
What did the Red Crown in Ancient Egypt look like and represent?
It had a little spiral thing on top, and it represents Lower Egypt.
136
What was the Ancient Egyptian creature serpopard?
It was a mythical that is a mix of a serpent and a leopard. Two of them are on the the Palette of Narmer, and their necks intertwine.
137
What does the East Pediment of the Parthenon depict?
It depicts the birth of Athena.
138
What does the West Pediment of the Parthenon depict?
It depicts a fight between Athena and Poseidon to see who would become patron God of Attica and also the city of Athens.
