intro to attachment Flashcards
(25 cards)
what do babies and their mothers do from birth?
spend a lot of time in intense and pleasurable interaction
what do babies have (periodic ‘_____ ph_____s’
periodic ‘alert phases’
what do babies do in alert phases?
signal that they are ready for interaction
how often do mothers respond to the signal?
two thirds of the time
who said that mothers respond 2/3 of the time?
Feldman and Eidleman (2007)
what is interactional synchrony? (simply definition i.e. a word and long definition)
MIRRORING / mother and infant reflect both the actions and emotions of the other and do this in a co-ordinated (synchronised way)
how does Feldman (2007) define interactional synchrony?
‘the co-ordination of micro-level behaviour’
who said I.S. is ‘the co-ordination of micro-level behaviour’?
Feldman (2007)
how young can I.S. be observed?
as young as 2 weeks
who observed children and mother’s I.S. as young as 2 weeks?
Meltzoff and Moore (1977)
what was the procedure of Meltzoff and Moore’s I.S. study?
an adult displayed one of three facial expressions // one of three distinctive gestures & child’s response was filmed and identified by independent observers
what were the findings of M&M’s I.S. study?
an association was found between the expression/gesture the actions of the baby
high synchrony = what?
higher quality attachment
who studied the link between synchrony and quality of attachment?
Isabella et al. (1989)
what was the procedure of Isabella et al. synchrony study?
observed 30 mothers and infants together, assessed degree of synchrony and quality of attachment
what did Isabella et al find?
that high levels of I.S. were assocated with better quality attachment (e.g. emotional intensity of the relationship)
what is reciprocity? (simple/full)
one person responds to another / a description of how two people interact. Mother-infant interaction is reciprocal in that both infant and mother respond to each other’s signals and each elicits a response from the other.
what happens from around 3 months in relation to reciprocity?
reciprocal interaction tends to be increasingly frequent
what does reciprocity involve?
close attention to each other’s verbal signals and facial expressions
How did Brazleton et al. (1975) describe this interaction?
like a ‘dance’ because it is just like a couple’s dance when each person responds to their partner’s moves
who referred to what as like a ‘dance’?
Brazleton et al (1975) / reciprocal interactions
what have traditional views of childhood seen the baby as?
in a passive role
what does a passive role mean?
receiving care from an adult
what is the more modern view of childhood?
the baby takes an active role
