Intro To Biodiversity

Question 1

What is biodiversity

Answer 1

Large range of organisms that inhabit a certain ecosystem

Question 2

What are the 3 levels of diversity

Answer 2

Genetic, species, ecosystem

Question 3

What is a keystone species

Answer 3

A species that has a large impact within an ecosystem ex: worms

Question 4

What is a tropic cascade and what are the 2 types

Answer 4

Interactions that controls the whole ecosystem

1- top down: changes to top of food chain effects bottom of the food chain
2- bottom up: bottom of food chain effects higher up on the food chain

Question 5

What are the 6 kingdoms

Answer 5

Plante, anamalia, fungi, protista, archaebacteria, eubacteria

Question 6

What are 7 levels of classification

Answer 6

1- kingdom (koalas)
2- phylum (prefer)
3- class (climbing)
4- order (on)
5- family (flat)
6- genus (green)
7- species (surfaces)

Question 7

Binomial nomenclature

Answer 7

2 part naming system
-genus name then species name underlined
Ex: Acer rubrum= red maple tree

Question 8

What is a photogenic tree

Answer 8

The evolution and relatedness with species
- most ancestral organism with branch lengths signifying time

• based on dna, fossil record

Question 9

Cladogram

Answer 9

Similar to a photogenic tree based on shared characteristics and branch lengths don’t mean anything

Question 10

Dichotomus key

Answer 10

2 part system that describes characteristics of an object by being shown 2 choices

Question 11

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 11

No membrane bound organelles, small, simple, single celled, eubacteria and archaebacteria fall into this category

Question 12

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 12

Contained nucleus and organelles, large, complex, multicellular or single, Plante, anamalia, fungi, protista fall into this category

Question 13

Viruses are…

Answer 13

Not living and can only reproduce if they invade a host cell

Question 14

Characteristics of a virus

Answer 14

Small, genetic material surrounded by a protein shell, contain DNA or RNA not both

Question 15

Structure of virus

Answer 15

Capsid - hexagon top with 6 legs that holds dna inside

Question 16

Lytic cycle

Answer 16

Death of host cell and creates viral particles
-Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, lysis

Question 17

Lysogenic cycle

Answer 17

Doesnt kill host cell stays dormant, dna can be passed through daughter cells
-Attachment, integration, dormancy, replication, induction, lytic cycle

Question 18

2 types of bacteria

Answer 18

Archaebacteria and eubacteria

Question 19

Classification or eubacteria

Answer 19

Resistant to antibiotics

Question 20

Archaebateria

Answer 20

Thrive in harsh environments and conditions

Question 21

7 structure of bacteria cell

Answer 21

Capsule, cell wall, ribosomes, nucleoid, flagella, cytoplasm, pili

Question 22

Shapes and groupings

Answer 22

SHAPE
Sphere- coccus
Rod- bacillus
Spiral - spirillium
CONFIGURATION
Single- mono
Pair- diplo
Chain- strepto
Cluster- staphlyo

Question 23

Bacteria reproduction

Answer 23

Asexual (binary fission)
- chromosome replicates, separates, pinches in, new wall grows, cell splits
Sexual (pilus reproduction)
-exchange of dna

Question 24

Respiration methods

Answer 24

Aerobic respiration- requires o2
Anaerobic respiration- without o2

Question 25

Nutrition methods

Answer 25

Heterotrophic- feeds off other organisms to get energy ex: parasites Autotrophic- uses sun’s energy or uses chemosynthesis (chemical reactions)

Question 26

Roles of bacteria in ecosystems

Answer 26

1- pathogens (cause death) 2- photosynthesis (creates o2) 3- nitrogen fixation ( convert nitrogen for plants) 4- decomposition ( dead plants/decaying material) 5- mutualism (provides vitamin k&b12)