Intro to body

Question 1

Where is the radial artery located

Answer 1

• Sandwiched between the skin of the wrist and the underlying bone ( radius )
• The funny bone is the ulnar nerve

Question 2

Explain the anatomical position

Answer 2

• Palms anteriorly
• Feet together
• Upper limbs are on each side
• Thumbs away from body
• Face forward
• Stand upright

Question 3

Peripheral and central

Answer 3

Peripheral – away from the centre

Central – at or close to the centre

Question 4

Dexter and sinister

Answer 4

Dexter – right side

Sinister - left side

Question 5

Ipsilateral and contralateral

Answer 5

Ipsilateral – situated and or appearing on or affecting the same side of the body

Contralateral – occurring on or acting in conjuction with the opposite side of the body

Question 6

uni lateral and bi lateral

Answer 6

Unilateral – of , relating to, or affecting one side of a subject , one sided

Bi lateral – of, relating to, affecting the right and left sides of the body

Question 7

Cranium

Answer 7

skull

Question 8

cephalon

Answer 8

head

Question 9

cervix

Answer 9

neck

Question 10

truncus

Answer 10

body

Question 11

extreme=ity

Answer 11

limb

Question 12

costa

Answer 12

rib

Question 13

brachium

Answer 13

arm

Question 14

antebrachium

Answer 14

forearm

Question 15

Digit

Answer 15

finger or toe

Question 16

oculus

Answer 16

eye

Question 17

frons

Answer 17

forehead

Question 18

oris

Answer 18

mouth

Question 19

mamma

Answer 19

breast

Question 20

auris

Answer 20

ear

Question 21

facies

Answer 21

face

Question 22

axilla

Answer 22

armpit

Question 23

carpus

Answer 23

wrist

Question 24

Palma

Answer 24

Palm

Question 25

Manus

Answer 25

hand

Question 26

umbilicus

Answer 26

belly button

Question 27

thoracis

Answer 27

chest

Question 28

bucca

Answer 28

cheek

Question 29

pes

Answer 29

foot

Question 30

tarsus

Answer 30

ankle

Question 31

digits

Answer 31

fingers

Question 32

antecubis

Answer 32

elbow

Question 33

mental

Answer 33

chin

Question 34

nasus

Answer 34

nose

Question 35

crus

Answer 35

leg

Question 36

patella

Answer 36

knee cap

Question 37

pollex

Answer 37

thumb

Question 38

Bucca

Answer 38

cheek

Question 39

inguen

Answer 39

groin

Question 40

hallux

Answer 40

great toe

Question 41

olecranon

Answer 41

back of elbow

Question 42

lumbus

Answer 42

lumbar

Question 43

sura

Answer 43

calf

Question 44

calcaneus

Answer 44

heel of foot

Question 45

what type of joint are the sutures on the head

Answer 45

syvonoil joins

Question 46

Types of planes

Answer 46

Saggital, coronal, transverse

Question 47

skin

Answer 47

Skin - Largest organ - Weighs roughly 4kg - Covers an area close to 2m squared - Source of house dust - Many important functions 1E2D3S Sensory receptors in skin are for? Pain , temp, pressure, touch , proprioception Name things in the skin Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat, blood vessels, sweat glands, pain receptors, hair follicles Two types of sweat glands Merocrine sweat glands – acidic – since birth Apocrine – alkaline – onset at puberty Langers lines – lines of tension – best to make incisions within the langers lines to avoid risks of not good stitches – tend to spiral longitudinally In the limbs

Question 48

Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm

Answer 48

Ectoderm – forms neural tube that goes onto spinal cord Mesoderm forms cardiovascular system and forms cavities Ectoderm forms reproductive systems and gastrointestinal tract Folding is in two directions – head to toe – cephalocaudal Endoderm is pinched off to form the gastro intestinal tube The lateral folds close the body and enclose the body cavities FOLDS HEAD TO TAIL AND SIDE TO SIDE The cavities are potential spaces around the heart ( pericardium ), lungs ( pleura ), and gastro intestinal tracts ( peritoneum )

Question 49

Cavities and what they protect Why does the body not like spaces and what do spaces most likely cause?

Answer 49

The cavities are potential spaces around the heart ( pericardium ), lungs ( pleura ), and gastro intestinal tracts ( peritoneum ) Cranial cavity, protective supportive box for brain and meninges Pleural cavities for lungs Pericardial cavity for heart Abdominopelvic cavity for gastro intestinal and reproductive tracts Cavities are lined with serous, slippery membranes. Potential spaces for movement and distension The body HATES spaces as they are room for infection and inflammation Examples - Pleurisy - Pericarditis - Peritonitis - Sinusitis - Mastoidis - Meningitis Visceral layers are on organs Parietal layers are against the wall of the cavity – the potential space is lined with fluid lubricated by a few mls of serous fluid ( pleura, pericardium, peritoneum)

Question 50

Fascial spaces in terms of the knee

Answer 50

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Question 51

How is the skeleton compromised of and sectioned

Answer 51

The skeleton is compromised of bone and cartilage ( usually hyaline ) It is described as axial, skull vertebrae including sacrum, ribs and sternum AND appendicular – bones of upper and lower limbs including the scapula and clavicle ( pectoral girdle) and hip bone ( pelvic girdle ) Head is the cephalon and the brain is the encephalon

Question 52

Spinal cord * In the spinal canal * Arranged segmentaly * 33 ( ish ) pairs of nerves The ANS and the SNS SNS * Innervates skeletal muscles, skin, oral and nasal cavities – sensory and motor ANS * Controls rhe functions of smooth muscles, glands, internal organs and blood S2-4 cord segments

Question 53

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Answer 53

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Question 54

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Answer 54

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Question 55

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Question 56

Question 57