Intro to Cariology (Amaechi 1) Flashcards
(37 cards)
Nature of any disease determines ______, ______, and ______.
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prevention
Definition:
Caries –> ______
Dental caries –> ________
- Rot (Decay)
- Decay of the teeth
Caries are the progressive destruction of mineralized tissues of teeth (enamel, dentin, or cementum) initiated by _______ on __________ at the ______.
- Microbial activity
- Fermentable dietary carbohydrates
- Tooth surface
Caries are NOT ______, ______, and ______.
- Erosion
- Abrasion
- Attrition
Demineralization of the tooth tissue occurs under _____ condition, while remineralization occurs under ______ condition.
- Acidic
- Neutral
A caries lesion results when the rate of _______ exceeds the rate of ________ over an extended period of time. Leads to _______ (white spot lesion).
- Demineralization
- Remineralization
- Early or incipient caries
After a white-spot lesion is formed, a ______ lesion (overt or frank lesion) can develop.
Cavitated
Once a cavitated lesion forms, there can be _____ involvement and ______ invasion. This can lead to _____ (pain) and _____ death. In some cases, _____ tissues can be infected and an _____ can form.
- Dentin
- Bacterial
- Pulpitis
- Pulp
- Periapical
- Abscess
Current conception of caries etiology
- Host
- Agent
- Environment
3 Primary factors in caries etiology:
- Agent: _______
- Host: _______
- Environment: _______
- Cariogenic “bacteria” (in dental plaque)
- Susceptible “tooth surface”
- Substrate (“diet”) (fermentable carbohydrate)
Cariogenic bacterial plaque + suitable local substrate = ________
Organic acids
Organic acids (in plaque) + Tooth tissue = ________
Loss of tooth mineral
Demineralized tooth tissue + Bacterial proteolytic enzymes = _______
Cavitation
In the 3 primary factors in caries etiology, the substrate could be one’s ______.
Diet
When the proportion of s. mutans is greater than _____ in plaque, a patient is at high risk for caries.
10%
Caries is a _____ infectious _____ disease.
- Transmissible
- Bacterial
The oral cavity of man is sterile at birth, but 3 month old infants were found to be infected with ______ associated with developmental oral nodules.
S. mutans
Infection with SM early in childhood is by transmission from _______, _______, or _______.
- Parents
- Playmates
- Carers
Mode of transmission includes any behavior allowing contact with _______, such as kissing, pacifiers cleaned in mother’s mouth, pre-tasting, sucking adult fingers, and sharing food or utensils.
Adult saliva
Successful oral implantation is related to the magnitude of inoculum, which includes high ______ level and poor ______ in mother.
- S. mutans
- Oral hygiene
Early infection of infant with SM is associated with high and early caries activity in childhood. Control should start before the birth of a child by control of ______ in the mother and potential carers.
Caries activities
Caries is dependent on dietary _____ and _____ of eating.
- Sucrose
- Frequency
Caries is modified by the _____ ____ of the tooth.
Inherent nature (incisors vs. molars)
The _____ and _____ of mineral content of the tooth determines its resistance to caries.
- Amount
- Type
