INTRO TO CC

Question 1

The amount of light that is absorbed by analyte in a solution

Answer 1

ABSORBANCE

Question 2

Absorbance is __________________ to the _______________ of
analyte

Answer 2

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL, CONCENTRATION

Question 3

Ability of a test to obtain the known target value for a sample.

Answer 3

ACCURACY

Question 4

Amount of variation in the measurement.

Answer 4

PRECISION

Question 5

Substance that is being measured (e.g., glucose, sodium, cholesterol)

Answer 5

ANALYTE

Question 6

All procedures related to the testing of a sample for an analyte

Answer 6

ANALYTICAL PHASE

Question 7

A laboratory grade water and other reagents are set up and tested as
though it was another sample.

Answer 7

BLANK

Question 8

This checks for background interference from reagents and allows for
correction.

Answer 8

BLANK

Question 9

Process of using CALIBRATORS (samples with known analyte concentration) to construct a calibration curve used to quantitate analyte concentration in unknown (patient) specimens.

Answer 9

CALIBRATION,

Question 10

Substance that accelerates a chemical reaction, such as an enzyme in
the body.

Answer 10

CATALYST

Question 11

An ion carrying a positive charge.

Answer 11

CATION

Question 12

A process used to separate or concentrate materials suspended in a liquid medium by use of the centrifugal force.

Answer 12

CENTRIFUGATION

Question 13

Amount of analyte measured in a sample expressed quantitatively
(e.g., mg/dL, mmol/L)

Answer 13

CONCENTRATION

Question 14

A reaction vessel (similar to a tube) used in photometric analyzers.

Answer 14

CUVETTE

Question 15

An ionic compound.

Answer 15

ELECTROLYTE

Question 16

Dissolves in water to produce ions, which can conduct electricity.

Answer 16

ELECTROLYTE

Question 17

Strong electrolytes _________ dissociate in water, while weak electrolytes __________ dissociate or break apart in water.

Answer 17

COMPLETELY, PARTIALLY

Question 18

Protein in the body that acts as a catalyst and converts substrate to
product

Answer 18

ENZYME

Question 19

Most common reason for sample rejection.

Answer 19

HEMOLYSIS

Question 20

Rupture of RBCs with the release
of hgb and the intracellular
components into the
plasma/serum.

Answer 20

HEMOLYSIS

Question 21

Color of Hemolysis.

Answer 21

PALE-CHERRY RED

Question 22

Increased bilirubin pigment; hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 22

ICTERUS

Question 23

Color of icterus serum/plasma.

Answer 23

DARK-BRIGHT YELLOW

Question 24

Increased lipid accumulation, usually triglycerides.

Answer 24

LIPEMIA

Question 25

Color of lipemia.

Answer 25

MILKY COLORATION

Question 26

LIPIDS: the common analytes of ______________________ and related compounds such as free fatty acids and lipoproteins.

Answer 26

CHOLESTEROL & TRIGLYCERIDES

Question 27

Basic measurement principle or technique that is used in an analytical system to perform a test.

Answer 27

METHODOLOGY

Question 28

Use of scientific methods to maintain the most accurate data possible.

Answer 28

QUALITY CONTROL

Question 29

QC: Procedures performed to check against a standard, such as _______,__________,___________

Answer 29

BLANKS, DUPLICATES & SPIKES

Question 30

The expected normal concentration range for an analyte in a patient population.

Answer 30

REFERENCE INTERVAL

Question 31

Specimen after preparation for analysis (e.g., serum or plasma after centrifugation)

Answer 31

SAMPLE

Question 32

Liquid portion of plasma that remains after clot is removed.

Answer 32

SERUM

Question 33

The clear, yellow fluid obtained when blood is drawn into a tube containing anticoagulant.

Answer 33

PLASMA

Question 34

PLASMA: the clotting factors have__________ and a clot is not formed.

Answer 34

NOT ACTIVATED

Question 35

Type of biologic fluid in which the analyte is found (e.g., blood, urine, CSF) or the form in which the fluid is tested (e.g., serum, plasma, whole blood)

Answer 35

SPECIMEN

Question 36

Measuring light intensity at various wavelengths.

Answer 36

SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Question 37

SI Units stands for?

Answer 37

SYSTEME INTERNATIONAL D'UNITES

Question 38

3 Classes of SI units.

Answer 38

BASE, DERIVED, SUPPLEMENTAL

Question 39

Moles of solute/ volume of solution (mmol/L)

Answer 39

ANALYTES

Question 40

International Unit per liter (IU/L or U/L) or katal unit per liter (KU/L)

Answer 40

ENZYMES

Question 41

Measurement of Hydrogen ion conc.

Answer 41

PH

Question 42

Substance that either occurs naturally or produced synthetically in the laboratory.

Answer 42

CHEMICALS

Question 43

Normally employed in testing to produce chemical reactions for detection, as well as quantitation purposes

Answer 43

REAGENTS

Question 44

WHAT ARE THE GRADES OF PURITY?

Answer 44

* Analytical Reagent Grade * Ultrapure * United States Pharmacopeia (USP); National Formulary (NF) * Chemically Pure Grade * Technical / Commercial Grade

Question 45

High degree of purity. SUITABLE FOR USE IN MOST ANALYTIC laboratory procedures * For qualitative and quantitative analyses; essential for accuracy

Answer 45

ANALYTICAL REAGENT GRADE

Question 46

High quality type of reagent grade. Have additional purification steps for use in specific procedures. * Can be used in chromatography, atomic absorption, immunoassays and molecular diagnostics

Answer 46

ULTRAPURE

Question 47

Used to MANUFACTURE DRUGS. * Chemicals in this group may be pure enough for use in most chemical procedures * Purity standards are not based on the needs of the laboratory

Answer 47

United States Pharmacopeia (USP); National Formulary (NF)

Question 48

These chemicals serves as an ALTERNATIVE when higher purity of chemicals are NOT AVAILABLE.

Answer 48

CHEMICALLY PURE GRADE

Question 49

Preparation of these chemicals is not uniform. * Not recommended that clinical laboratories use these chemicals for reagent preparation unless further purification is included

Answer 49

CHEMICALLY PURE GRADE

Question 50

Used only for commercial as well as industrial purposes. * Used primarily in manufacturing * Should never be used for reagent preparation in the clinical laboratory.

Answer 50

TECHNICAL/COMMERCIAL GRADE

Question 51

Developed standard reference materials (SRMs) for use in clinical chemistry laboratories. * Used when producing calibrator and standard materials.

Answer 51

NIST (NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY)

Question 52

Usually utilized in laboratory testing in order to control or validate degree of analytical measurements of a particular machine which process is called as _____________

Answer 52

CALIBRATION

Question 53

Usually utilized in laboratory testing in order to control or validate degree of analytical measurements of a particular machine which process is called as calibration.

Answer 53

CONTROLS

Question 54

Used to asses or evaluate machine functionality.

Answer 54

CALIBRATION

Question 55

Highly purified chemical that can be measured directly to produce a substance of exact known concentration and purity.

Answer 55

PRIMARY

Question 56

_____________has purity tolerances for primary standards.

Answer 56

American Chemical Society (ACS)

Question 57

Substance of lower purity with concentration determined by comparison with a primary standard.

Answer 57

SECONDARY

Question 58

Solely purified by distillation.

Answer 58

DISTILLED WATER

Question 59

Water purified by ion exchange

Answer 59

DEIONIZED WATER

Question 60

Pumps water (pressure) across a semipermeable membrane

Answer 60

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Question 61

Excellent in removing particulate matter, microorganisms and any pyrogens or endotoxins

Answer 61

Ultrafiltration/ Nanofiltration

Question 62

Removes some trace organic material.

Answer 62

UV oxidation

Question 63

Initially filtered it to remove particulate matter followed by reverse osmosis deionization, and a 0.2-mm filter or more restrictive filtration process.

Answer 63

REAGENT GRADE WATER

Question 64

6 categories of Reagent Grade Water

Answer 64

Special reagent water (SRW) Instrument feed water Water supplied by method manufacturer Autoclave and wash water Commercially bottled purified water Clinical laboratory reagent water (CLRW)

Question 65

Used to test methods requiring minimum interference, such as trace metal, iron, and enzyme analyses

Answer 65

TYPE 1

Question 66

Acceptable for most analytic requirements, including reagent, quality control, and standard preparation

Answer 66

TYPE 2

Question 67

Acceptable for glassware washing but not for analysis or reagent preparation.

Answer 67

TYPE 3

Question 68

Centigrade to Kelvin

Answer 68

C + 273

Question 69

Centigrade to Fahrenheit

Answer 69

(C x 1.8) + 32

Question 70

Fahrenheit to Centigrade

Answer 70

(F-32) x 0.556

Question 71

What are the laboratory Glasswares?

Answer 71

* Volumetric flask * Erlenmeyer flask * Griffin beakers * Graduated cylinders

Question 72

Used for heating and sterilization purposes * Has a high degree of thermal resistance, low alkali content and free from Magnesium lime-zinc group of elements, heavy metals, arsenic and antimony

Answer 72

Borosilicate glass (pyrex and kimax)

Question 73

Has high resistance to alkali. * Its thermal resistance is________compared to borosilicate glass.

Answer 73

Boron-free glassware/ Soft glass, LESS

Question 74

A special ___________________ that has strengthened chemically than thermally

Answer 74

COREX, ALUMINA-SILICATE GLASS

Question 75

COREX IS_______ THAN BOROSILICATE

Answer 75

6X STRONGER