Intro to Comm. Psych.

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

Grouping of indiciduals, through shared endeavors, locality, or other linkage

Question 2

Community Psychology

Answer 2

Focus on how community-level forces impact function of all individuals and families in community

Question 3

Participant Conceptualizer (Bennett)

Answer 3

Actively involved in community processes while attempting to understanding and explain them

Question 4

Psychology of Criminal Conduct

Answer 4

Approach to understanding criminal behavior of individuals through a) ethical application of systemic empirical methods of investigation and b) construction of rational explanatory systems.

Question 5

Homelessness as musical chairs

Answer 5

ecological perspective - not enough housing

Question 6

Ecological perspective

Answer 6

considers context when addressing individual conditions.

Question 7

Ecology

Answer 7

branch of science that studies how people relate to each other and environment.

Question 8

Context Minimization Error

Answer 8

psychological theory that undervalues context and circumstance. Leads to flawed therapy and failed social programs.

Question 9

Psychology of Criminal Conduct and Criminology

Answer 9

refocus on understanding variation in the criminal behavior of individuals
Consider: Biological, personal, interpersonal, familial, structural/cultural, broader social context.

Question 10

First-order change

Answer 10

alters, rearranges, replaces the individual members of a group.

Question 11

Second-order change

Answer 11

affects relationships bn members of group - shared goals, roles, rules, pwr relationships

Question 12

Oxford House

Answer 12

Democratically self-run home for recovering substance addicts. (2nd order change)

Question 13

Ecological Levels of Analysis (concept)

Answer 13

individual at center of several circles of contextual influence

Question 14

4 Levels of Analysis

Answer 14

(Individuals)
Localities
Microsystems
Organizations
Macrosystems

Question 15

mediating structures

Answer 15

settings that can assist individuals coping with society’s stressors

Question 16

Error of logical typing

Answer 16

action taken at the wrong level of analysis

Question 17

7 Core values

Answer 17

Individual, family wellness
Sense of Community
Respect for human diversity
social justice
empowerment ad citizen participation
collaboration an community strengths
empirical grounding

Question 18

Sense of Community

Answer 18

perception of belongingness, interdependence, mutual commitment that links individuals in a collective unity

Question 19

Distributive Justice

Answer 19

Fair allocation of resources

Question 20

Procedural Justice

Answer 20

Whether processes of collective decision making include a fair representation of citizens

Question 21

Fair Play

Answer 21

rules of fair competitions for economic, educational, or social advancement

Question 22

Fair Shares

Answer 22

Fairness of procedure and minimizing extreme outcome inequalities

Question 23

Divergent Reasoning

Answer 23

Identifying multiple truths in opposing perspectives
Recognizing that conflicting viewpoints may usefully coexist
Resisting easy answers

Question 24

Blaming the Victim

Answer 24

Critiques individualist thinking about social problems
Under-used Levels of Analysis
1. Identify a social problem
2. study those who are affected by the problem
3. Discover how those who are affected are different from those who are not affected.
4 Define those differences as the cause of a social problem.
5. Devise humanitarian social action programs to correct differences.

Question 25

RNR model of clinical practice

Answer 25

Risk Need general Responsivity

Question 26

BIG FOUR risk factors

Answer 26

Antisocial attitudes Antisocial associations Antisocial personality pattern History of antisocial behavior

Question 27

MODERATE FOUR risk factors

Answer 27

Parenting/family problems Low levels of achievement, satisfaction at school, work Little involvement in anticriminal leisure and recreational pursuits Substance abuse

Question 28

PIC-R

Answer 28

Personal, Interpersonal, and Community-Reinforcement Perspective General personality and cognitive social learning approach

Question 29

Merton's Anomie Theory

Answer 29

Crime is reflection of pursuit of conventional ambition using innovative means, bc conventional means not available to lower classes

Question 30

Rationalizations for Law Violations (Sykes & Matza)

Answer 30

``` Denial of Responsibility Denial of Injury Denial of the victim Condemnation of the condemners Appeal to higher loyalties ```

Question 31

General Strain Theory (Agnew)

Answer 31

Return to Frustration-Anger-Aggression w/new array of strains given predispositions like antisocial attitudes and associations

Question 32

Differential Association Theory

Answer 32

Antisocial associates at foundation | Learned criminal behaviors through intimate personal groups

Question 33

Behavioral Reformulation of Differential Association Theory

Answer 33

Criminal behavior is learned through operant conditioning Both social, nonsocial keys: reinforcement, punishment, discriminative stimulus control --> evolved PIC-R

Question 34

Conceptual Models of Ecological Context

Answer 34

``` Four Ecological Principles Social Climate Dimensions Social Regularities Ecological Psychology and Behavior settings Activity Settings Environmental Psychology ```

Question 35

Kelly's Ecological Principles

Answer 35

Interdependence Cycling of Resources Adaptation Succession

Question 36

Interdependence

Answer 36

linkage bn different parts of an eco-system

Question 37

Cycling of resources

Answer 37

resources of used, distributed, conserved, transformed resources - personal, social, physical resources

Question 38

Adaptation

Answer 38

individuals, settings, systems cyclically adapting to changing conditions

Question 39

Succession

Answer 39

settings and individuals change over time | historical context for problem definition and planning interventions

Question 40

Social Climate

Answer 40

3 Dimensions: Relationships, Personal Development, System Maintenance and Change

Question 41

Social Regularities

Answer 41

routine patters of social relationships among elements in a setting (power, resources) Can be obstacles to change

Question 42

Ecological Psychology, Behavior Settings

Answer 42

Identify behavior settings and understand physical features, social circuits that maintain them.